161. The Demand For Religion The Demand for Religion Hard Core atheism and Supply Side Theory. Wolfgang Jagodzinski University of Cologne. atheism, Soft Core and Hard. http://www.agreeley.com/articles/hardcore.html

The Demand for Religion: Hard Core Atheism and "Supply Side" Theory Wolfgang Jagodzinski University of Cologne Andrew Greeley University of Chicago University of Arizona (6040 words) Abstract Introduction: Secularization Versus Market-Place Finally, disenchantment is often seen as a process where religious explanations of the world are partially replaced by scientific explanations. We ask geologist for the causes of an earthquake or an volcanic eruption but not the priest. If disenchanment of the world in this sense is the essence of secularization, only the demand for specific religious goods or specific components of religion would decline. In this essay we mainly address ourselves to those variants of Secularization theories which predict a general decline in the demand for religion or at least in the demand for large transcendental systems. If this demand does not decline in the more advanced societies and if it correlates neither with age nor education nor time the core assumptions of Secularization theories are disconfirmed. Since Communism may have accelerated this process of secularization we will pay particular attention to the development in former socialist countries. If the demand for religion should be high in all these societies this clearly would support the new economic approach. Opponents (Blau, Land, and Redding 1992, Breault 1989; Bruce 1992; Demerath 1996; Land and Blau 1991) of the economic model of religion have been quick to respond. They have taken issue with some of the individual studies the "supply siders" have reported and also (Demerath 1996) have ridiculed the notion that religion can be the subject of "rational choice." The basic thrust of the criticism, however, implicit it might be, is doubt that there is no relatively consistent demand for religious "compensation."

162. Isaac Asimov An article and an interview with Asimov on the subject of religion and atheism. http://www.positiveatheism.org/hist/asimov.htm

The Reagan Doctrine by Isaac Asimov from The Austin American-Statesman , May 10, 1981 Return to Historical Index Home to Positive Atheism Mentioned in Isaac Asimov on Science and the Bible Some time ago, Ronald Reagan pointed out that one couldn't trust the Soviet government because the Soviets didn't believe in God or in an afterlife and therefore had no reason to behave honorably, but would be willing to lie and cheat and do all sorts of wicked things to aid their cause. Naturally, I firmly believe that the president of the United States knows what he is talking about, so I've done my very best to puzzle out the meaning of that statement. Let me begin by presenting this "Reagan Doctrine" (using the term with all possible respect): "No one who disbelieves in God and in an afterlife can possibly be trusted." If this is true (and it must be if the president says so), then people are just naturally dishonest and crooked and downright rotten. In order to keep them from lying and cheating every time they open their mouths, they must be bribed or scared out of doing so. They have to be told and made to believe that if they tell the truth and do the right thing and behave themselves, they will go to heaven and get to plunk a harp and wear the latest design in halos. They must also be told and made to believe that if they lie and steal and run around with the opposite sex, they are going to hell and will roast over a brimstone fire forever. It's a little depressing, if you come to think of it. By the Reagan Doctrine, there is no such thing as a person who keeps his word just because he has a sense of honor. No one tells the truth just because he thinks that it is the decent thing to do. No one is kind because he feels sympathy for others, or treats others decently because he likes the kind of world in which decency exists.

163. Glossary Of Terms: At At. atheism. atheism is the system of views denying the existence of God and usually other religious ideas such as life after death. http://www.marxists.org/glossary/terms/a/t.htm

MIA Encyclopedia of Marxism : Glossary of Terms At Atheism Atheism is the system of views denying the existence of God and usually other religious ideas such as life after death. Inasmuch as the concept of God generally represents the dominant forms of consciousness of an age, atheism is historically associated with political radicalism. Heraclitus Democritus and Epicurus ) and is generally associated with philosophical materialism . (See also Monotheism Theism Deism Agnosticism and Pantheism The ancient philosophers listed above speculated that phenomena had natural causes, in opposition to animist or other religious or teleological beliefs. This kind of atheism was necessarily naïve and speculative as they did not have a sufficient basis of empirical knowledge to develop a consistently atheistic view. The Middle Ages in Europe were dominated by the Church and atheism made little progress, while in China atheism experienced a series of setbacks and forward steps, where no church ever gained a serious foothold. Progressive social currents tended to attack the legitimacy of the Church in Europe or to restrict the relevance of Church doctrine, unable to reject the existence of God outright. Meanwhile, in the Middle East, the golden age of Islam embraced questioning and all forms of scientific pursuit, thus Islam never faced a direct philosophical assault. The European assault against Christian Theism : Saint Augustine for example, was the first Christian to question the literal interpretation of the Bible, opening the way for

164. Mushukyou And Atheism Personal views on atheism, God, and Jesus. http://www.mushukyou.com/

Mushukyou and Atheism New!! Converse in my Forums! =) No more "Under God" Pledge! "I pledge allegiance, to the flag, of the Christian States of America, and for which it stands, one nation, under something you'd better believe in or you won't be considered a citizen or patriot, indivisible, with as much liberty as we want to give you, and half-ass justice for almost everyone." Thank you Irenicus for fixing the pic! Your chosen link was: www.rotten.com Thanks for visiting! Guestbook, e-mail, etc, is down more towards the bottom of the page. (Thanks to www.infidelguy.com for putting together this animation gif) (If you have a problem with the above animated comic, please refer to: http://www.cnn.com/2002/LAW/04/16/scotus.virtual.child.porn/index.html Greetings.. I am Mushukyou. "I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature should "make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof", thus building a wall of separation between Church and State." - Jefferson Who said Jesus existed? Are you on crack?

165. The Atheist Alliance Web Center atheism ON THE INTERNET SPOTLIGHT LINKS National Day of Reason.org 03.14.04 Many who value the separation of church and state have sought an appropriate http://www.atheistalliance.org/

... the only democratic national atheist organization in the United States ... Front Page About the Atheist Alliance Freethought ... Contacts RECOMMENDED READING RECOMMENDED READING Why the Religious Right Is Wrong by Rob Boston Boston does an excellent job of defending a principle that too many Americans have been lied to about for too long... a journalist's account of how the religious right is using the political arena to wage war against the governing principle of separation of church and state to promote their ultraconservative agenda... [more recommendations...] The Godless Constitution: The Case Against Religious Correctness by Isaac Kramnick, R. Laurence Moore a compelling rebuttal to those who claim that America is a Christian nation. The authors don't address the many recent judicial controversies about public expression of religion. Instead, they explore the Constitution's origins and its "intentionally secular base." [more recommendations...] IN THE NEWS: AAI Convention Adds Taslima Nasrin to Cast of Stars 02.16.04 - The AAI is pleased to announce that exiled Bengali author Taslima Nasrin will speak at its Convention in Colorado Springs, April 9-11! Atheist Alliance Adds Three Groups 02.01.04 - The Atheist Alliance International (AAI) is proud to announce the addition of three distinguished freethought groups to its ranks, bringing its number of affiliates to 51. The Pennsylvania Nonbelievers, the Rationalists of East Tennessee and the Washington Area Secular Humanists...

166. The English Atheist Primarily about the religious views of Martin J. Burn. Articles, links, quotes, humour, and XG midi files. Warning strong atheism and anti-Christian in particular, http://www.english-atheist.co.uk/

And now, in conjunction with "The Bulletin from Heaven" and "The Online Ministry of Hubert the Invisible Beaver" we proudly present the world's first one man flashmob... Live, from Ye Olde Merrie Englande, it's the website of Martin J Burn - an English Atheist. On this site are some articles that I have written, useful links, cutting quotes, home brew Atheist humour and XG midi files . (To best appreciate the music on this site it is advised to use a Yamaha XG daughterboard, MU series tone generator or XG Softsynth.) See Hubert - The One, True, Dancing Beaver Deity *NEW* The English Atheist's Online Emporium *NEW* CLAP! Missus Gumby goes Photoshop bonkers! *Guaranteed laughter for Atheists* ... and joins in with Photoshop - Part Deux! *NEW* A fistful of emails This site is under the constant process of evolution. *NEW* FLAMEWAR!

167. Secular Humanism Worldwide Personal page promoting religious skepticism. http://www.nd.edu/~jquinn/humanism/

Question with boldness even the existence of a god; because, if there be one, he must more approve of the homage of reason than that of blindfolded fear. Thomas Jefferson, to his nephew Peter Carr in 1787 ( source Welcome to Secular Humanism Worldwide. The purpose of this page is to promote the presence of naturalism rationalism freethought , and skepticism in society via the Internet. This place is intended for anyone who is inherently curious and enjoys discussing the bigger questions in life. Open-mindedness is a requirement because traditional ideas and values may be challenged. Naturalists, such as secular humanists , believe that the supernatural plays no part in our world because the supernatural itself does not exist. All religions involve the supernatural to some degree; therefore, secular humanists reject them in preference of a more convincing philosophy. We believe that God is a creation of man not that man is a creation of God. Mankind, without gods, must rely on itself to improve its condition; so while the rest of society prays for poverty and suffering to end in the world, humanists prefer to go out and do something about it. LATEST UPDATE: Wrote "On Missionaries" in the "For Humanists" section. I have also been mulling over some ideas as of late. High on my agenda is to improve a few sections that have been nagging me ever since I wrote them.

168. Free World Trading Company T-shirts : Politics, Philosophy, Quotes & Atheism Offering of philosophy tshirts, atheism, quotes and ethics t-shirts. http://www.freeworldtrading.com/

Radical T-shirts for Rational Minds QUICK SEARCH Did you know that... Free World Trading Company offers Men's t-shirts from Adult Small to Adult XXX-Large, as well as Women's t-shirts? Look for " I Love Capitalism " with other t-shirts. " Question Everything " can be found under our Philosophy theme. " Just Say NO to Religion " is a favorite among rational atheists " Faith is... " captures the humor and truth of Samuel Clemens, a.k.a. Mark Twain. Found under the Quotes theme. " Pay your Taxes! " can be found on our page. If you know that... Your life is important and you're not just some meaningless cog in a big wheel... Reality is absolute and not some incomprehensible state... Your life is to be lived for your own happiness... Laissez-faire capitalism is the only just social system ... then... you'll love our t-shirts!

169. Problems With Prayer And Faith Healing Collected critiques of prayer on the website of Guide to atheism Agnosticism. http://atheism.about.com/cs/problemswithpray/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Agnosticism / Atheism Home Essentials ... Evolution vs. Creationism zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Does God Exist? Ethics and Morality Islam and Muslims Religious Right ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About Agnosticism / Atheism newsletter. Search Agnosticism / Atheism Problems with Prayer and Faith Healing Guide picks Do prayer and faith healing have any basis in reality? Are they effective at all, or just based upon fantasy? Can Science Prove that Prayer Works? From Hector Avalos: "But is there scientific evidence that prayer really works? Can you ever know that a prayer was answered by the Christian god? Does even the notion of prayer make sense?" Criticizing Prayer One person's adventures in attempting to criticize prayer ads in the local paper. Faith Healing Is there a case for faith curing illness? Florida woman's "miraculous" cure "On May 5, 1995, NBC-TV's "Unsolved Mysteries" featured a Fort Lauderdale, Florida, woman who, a few years ago, allegedly experienced a "miraculous" healing, through prayer, of a breast lesion suspected of being cancerous." God in the CCU?

170. Dan's Atheism Web Page Philosophical and atheistic essays, as well as a list of quotes. http://filebox.vt.edu/users/dwatson/

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171. Sampo Syreeni—decoy Homepages of a young Finnish libertarian. A variety of materials ranging from libertarian advocacy to personal, and on to atheism, music and computing related. http://www.helsinki.fi/~ssyreeni/front.en.html

Sampo Syreeni—decoy Site contents About the author Information about the author and other personal stuff About the site Information about the site Texts Sampo Syreeni’s texts and articles Sound, synthesis and audio reproduction A project charting the interesting aspects of audio systems, human hearing and sound synthesis Libertarian diaries A project charting the different dimensions of libertarianism and its competitors No ghosts Some atheist agnostic’s viewpoints decoy’s RDF stuff Some RDF stuff I’ve cooked on my spare time decoy’s quotes All sorts of fun quotes from around the world Thoughts Short thoughts on miscellaneous issues Links Links, bookmarks, webrings and other offsite resources My other sites WAP site WAP as a technology is just about dead, but still funky i‐mode site I haven’t had the chance to develop the i‐mode site, but the idea is interesting © 1996–2004 Sampo Syreeni; 2004–03–26; PD ⤒ site front ✉ email

172. See Sharp Press Home Page Publisher of rabblerousing books, pamphlets, bumper stickers, and e-texts in anarchism, atheism, music, philosophy, psychology, and modern (non-12-step) alcohol abuse self-help book. Reviews, submission information, online shopping, and related links. http://www.seesharppress.com/

What's New Ordering Info Contact Info Quotation of the Week On Civil Disobedience (Our Quotation of the Week is taken from The Heretic's Handbook of Quotations , Charles Bufe, ed. We usually change our Quotation of the Week between 15:00 and 18:00 GMT on Monday mornings; ditto for our Definition of the Week.) Definition of the Week BANK, n. As befits a pillar of the Free Enterprise System, a bank serves the needs of the working poor in the same assiduous manner that a pack of hyenas serves the needs of a wounded water buffalo. (Our Definition of the Week is taken from The Devil's Dictionaries: The Best of The Devil's Dictionary , by Ambrose Bierce, and The American Heretic's Dictionary [expanded edition] , by Chaz Bufe . This week's definition is by Chaz Bufe. This book is now out of print, but we will release a second edition later this year. The above, new definition will appear in the the upcoming edition.) What's New We're adding more anti-Bush items to our stock in addition to the ever-popular Somewhere in Texas a Village is Missing its Idiot bumper sticker. Our latest is another sticker

173. Index Biblical contradictions, list of poor arguments, and reasons why people believe in God. http://web2.iadfw.net/capella/aguide/

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174. Index Of /hedning/arkiv/cookies Parent Directory 12Nov-2003 0809 -......Index of /hedning/arkiv/cookies. Name Last modified Size http://www.hedning.no/hedning/arkiv/cookies/

Index of /hedning/arkiv/cookies Name Last modified Size Description ... Parent Directory 12-Nov-2003 08:09 -

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