81. Elementary Theme Pages By Jim Cornish Elementary Themes antarctica. http://www.stemnet.nf.ca/CITE/antarctica.htm

Theme Pages for Elementary Students and Teachers prepared by Jim Cornish, Gander, Newfoundland, Canada The background image is Sarracenia purpurea , the pitcher plant- the floral emblem of Newfoundland and Labrador. March/April Features Mission to Mars TomatoSphere (A Mars-Related Project) NEW! Dragons NEW!! Explorers Maps and Map Skills Number the Stars Novel Study Homechild Novel Study ... Newspapers in Education NEW! Math Story Problems Cartooning Writing Prompts Literature Circles NEW! Hubble Space Telescope Space Shuttle Launch Profile HELP! Reading Resources For Parents and Teachers HELP! Other Themes by Subject Earth Science Ecosystems Life Science Meteorology ... Passages Search the Theme Pages Via STEM-Net Search for this: Choose a theme page from the list below to display lists of links. Earth Science Caves Dinosaurs Earthquakes Fossils ... Volcanoes Ecosystems Fresh Water Deserts Oceans Rainforests ... Boreal Forest Animals Ezines Ranger Rick OwlKids Canadian Museum of Nature Life Science Birds Fish Human Body Systems Insects ... ArtsSmarts: Newfoundland Pine Marten Meteorology Weather Clouds Hurricanes Tornadoes Space Astronomy Solar System Space Shuttle Hubble Telescope ... Canadian Astronauts Physical Science Simple Machines Matter Inventions Flight ... Paper Airplanes Archaeology/History Archaeology Ancient Egypt Anasazi Vikings ... Beothuks Geography Nations Maps Flags Nation Profiles ... Japan Language Readers Theatre Novel Studies Myths and Legends Children's Books Reviews ... Homechild Novel Study Arts

82. Falkland Islands Philatelic Bureau - British Antarctic Territory British Antarctic Territory Heroic Age of Antarctic exploration Part II Captain Robert Falcon Scott Issue Date 5 December 2001. http://www.falklands.gov.fk/pb/bat/captain-robert-falcon-scott.htm

British Antarctic Territory Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration Part II Captain Robert Falcon Scott Issue Date: 5 December 2001 33p - Route of the Expedition In 1896 the International Geographical Union meeting resolved to concentrate on exploration of the Antarctic. Sir Clements Markham, President of the Royal Geographical Society, proposed a British expedition. Through his unstinting efforts the Discovery Expedition departed on the 6th of August 1901, arriving off the Ross Ice shelf on the 23rd January 1902. Of all the expedition of the time, this was by far the most successful (in terms of geographical discovery and its broad spectrum of scientific endeavour and wealth of results). The design uses a modern map of the Ross Sea Sector coastline and illustrates the extent of the expedition's work. The outward voyage of Discovery is traced in dashed blue; the major sledging journeys of exploration shown in dashed red and the major geographical discoveries are shaded in red. Ice shelves (floating glacier ice) are shown in white, grounded ice in light blue and the sea in dark blue. This expedition added more to your geographical knowledge of the map of Antarctica than any other during the Heroic Era of Antarctic Exploration, including the discovery of King Edward VII Land; the Transantarctic Mountains and the Antarctic ice cap beyond; and the Dry Valleys. The Expedition explored the surface of the Ross Island Shelf, quickly establishing that McMurdo Bay was in fact a sound and that Ross Island was separated from mountains to the west. Its observations fixed the south magnetic pole. The Expedition undertook some 28 scientific sledging journeys together with original research into marine biology, glacisology, meteorology and terrestrial magnetism.

83. Detailed Product Page Antarctic exploration Parallels for Future Human Planetary exploration A Workshop Report. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Houston, TX. http://www.ntis.gov/search/product.asp?ABBR=N20020042034

84. Toponymic Guidelines Because antarctica has been unveiled through the efforts of explorers, scientists, and others, it has become a common practice to apply the names of such http://www.geocities.com/apcbg/glines.htm

Republic of Bulgaria Ministry of Foreign Affairs Antarctic Place-names Commission Toponymic Guidelines for Antarctica Antarctic Place-names Commission CONTENTS Introduction General principles Types of geographical features Specific elements of geographical names ... Names approval procedures 1. INTRODUCTION In Antarctica geographical names are important elements of identification, orientation, localization and navigation, providing an essential reference system for logistic operations, including search and rescue measures, and for international scientific research. They facilitate information exchange in the field, in scientific publications and in administrative measures under the Antarctic Treaty System. Geographical names also reflect the history of Antarctic exploration. The principles and procedures for naming geographical features in Antarctica formulated hereafter: Are applied to land and subglacial features, ice shelves, and inshore features of the continental shelf south of 60º S; Should be followed on maps, in publications, in databases etc;

85. Glacier--Antarctic Exploration For Teachers And Students DOIT Home GlacierAntarctic exploration for Teachers and Students. DESCRIPTION. Visit a Web site that includes an introduction http://www.washington.edu/doit/Lessons/Humanities/glacier.html

Search Directories Reference Tools UW Home ... DO-IT DO-IT resources DO-IT programs DO-IT search DO-IT home page GlacierAntarctic Exploration for Teachers and Students DESCRIPTION Visit a Web site that includes an introduction to the continent of Antarctica, weather conditions, antarctic oceanography, and photographs of life at several research stations. A browsable glossary of over 300 terms related to Antarctica is available. This site is also the new home for Teachers Experiencing Antarctica, in which high school teachers and students participate in research projects in the Antarctic. This site, provided by Rice University and the Education Development Center is made possible by a grant from the National Science Foundation. PROCEDURES Use your WWW browser to access the site whose URL is: http://www.glacier.rice.edu/ Explore the site. Use the bookmark capabilities of your browser to save the site location for future use. Use the exit command to quit your WWW browser. Next Previous Humanities DO-IT Lessons DO-IT search DO-IT home page DO-IT Contact Information doit@u.washington.edu

86. New Zealand Antarctic Heritage Trust: Preservation Of Antarctic Heritage Real life testaments to these pioneer explorers remain in antarctica today. Huts, improvised shelters, memorials and supply depots http://www.heritage-antarctica.org/index.cfm

Home Who We Are Human Heritage in Antarctica News and Information Photographs ... Entry Page Antarctic Heritage Trust New Zealand Website Last Updated 20 May 2004 "You can't think what it's like to walk over places where no man has been before." Ernest Shackleton Welcome to the Antarctic Heritage Trust (NZ) Around the turn of the twentieth century, Antarctica was the focus of one of the last great races of terrestrial discovery. Men risked their lives to conquer the inhospitable, frozen continent and their stories are a chronicle of hardship, courage, endurance and tragedy. They are records of men who overcame great odds, and often their own fears and foibles, to open up Antarctica for the world. They are stories that still inspire and evoke admiration in people around the world a century later. Real life testaments to these pioneer explorers remain in Antarctica today. Huts, improvised shelters, memorials and supply depots left behind by the early explorers provide frozen time capsules of a period fittingly labelled the 'heroic age' of Antarctic exploration. Antarctic Heritage Trust works to conserve this important heritage so that people may continue to appreciate, learn and draw inspiration from the legacies of the 'heroic age' explorers for generations to come.

87. NOAA Photo Library - NOAA At The Ends Of The Earth - The Antarctic In viewing this section of the NOAA at the Ends of the Earth album, you will learn a little about the history of Antarctic exploration, the Antarctic http://www.photolib.noaa.gov/corps/antarctic.html

Antarctica Terra Incognita, the Antipodes, Antarctica.. Literally, the South end of the Earth. Shrouded in mystery for centuries, stuff of legends and myths, the Holy Grail of the Southern Continent beckoned explorers and adventurers. NOAA and its ancestor agencies have taken part in Antarctic investigations since the late 1920's when Weather Bureau meteorologists accompanied Admiral Byrd to his base camp at Little America and provided forecasts for his flight to the South Pole. Since then NOAA and its ancestors have: monitored weather conditions on Antarctica; studied sea ice, sea conditions, marine life, and oceanography of areas surrounding Antarctica; monitored and observed geophysical parameters such as geomagnetism, seismological activity, and gravity in Antarctic regions; and established observatories on the Antarctic continent to study global change parameters such as the buildup of greenhouse gases and the loss of ozone from the upper atmosphere. In viewing this section of the "NOAA at the Ends of the Earth" album, you will learn a little about the history of Antarctic exploration, the Antarctic environment, and the role of NOAA scientists today in studying and monitoring potential harbingers of global change in this harsh but pristine environment.

88. Adventure Network International - Home beauty. Add to favorites ». Featured Journey Fly to the South Pole Relive the golden age of Antarctic exploration. Full details http://www.adventure-network.com/

Antarctica remains the last vast wilderness on the planet. A continent encircled by pack ice, ranked by huge tabular icebergs and covered with an ice sheet miles deep. It is a place of beauty and mystery, enticing explorers, adventurers and dreamers over the years. Before the formation of Adventure Network International there was no practical way for a private traveler to reach the Antarctic, except by ship. In 1985, ANI became the first company to offer airborne travel to Antarctica and to date remains the only company in the world offering travel into the Antarctic interior, a frontier of stunning, desolate beauty. From private flights to the Geographic South Pole and photo safaris with the magnificent Emperor Penguins , to climbing Vinson Massif and Antarctica's highest peaks to commemorative journeys across this polar frontier, ANI offers a safe, incomparable experience for the modern day explorer into a forbidding land of awe-inspiring beauty. Add to favorites » Featured Journey: Fly to the South Pole - Relive the golden age of Antarctic exploration.

89. The Antactica Heritage Trail Christchurch became closely associated with Antarctic exploration when Scott and his ship Discovery, as part of the National Antarctic Expedition, used http://www.ccc.govt.nz/heritage/AntarcticaTrail/

Select a Section START - Quick Answers - Weather - Street Maps HOW TO FIND US THE CITY - Business - Library - Library Catalogue - CINCH - Art Gallery - Bus Timetables - localeye COMMUNITY COUNCIL - Handbook - Have Your Say ! - Structure - Publications - City Scene - Media Releases - Bylaws - Policy EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT - The City Plan - Local History - Environmental News - City Environment RECREATION - Leisure Centres - Showtime Canterbury - Summertimes - KidsFest - Sport Facilities - Walking SERVICES - Housing - Planning - Building - Subdivisions - Health - Parking Facilities - Waste Management - Recycling - Sewage I NTRODUCTION Christchurch has a special relationship with Antarctica and the people who have risked their lives for discovery and knowledge. For almost a century, Christchurch has been the stepping-off point for numerous Antarctic activities. Between 1901 and 1904 the ships Discovery, Morning and Terra Nova of RN Commander Robert Falcon Scott's National Antarctic Expedition, used the port of Lyttelton. Ernest Shackleton's 1907-1909 expedition also used the port, quarantining their animals on Quail Island. While this expedition, aboard the ship Nimrod, failed to reach the South Geographic Pole, it was the first to reach the South Magnetic Pole. Scott returned to Lyttelton in 1910 for a second expedition, however this expedition was ill-fated and Scott and his four companions (Wilson, Evans, Oates and Bowers) perished on their return from the Pole.

90. Horizon Books - Travel & Exploration In Arctic, Antarctic, Polar Travels This work is an interesting work on Antarctic exploration with a good description of marine life, fauna, flora, climate, ice, geology, fossils, and various http://www.horizonbook.com/polar.html

ADAMS, Richard; Ronald Lockley; photos by Peter Hirst-Smith; Voyage Through the Antarctic. London, Allen Lane, 1982, First Edition, large 8vo; 160 pp, pictorial title page, numerous illus in color and bw from photos, including many full-page, orig cloth, dj (slight wear), fine. Travels of a naturalist, and an accomplished novelist (Adams is author of Watership Down) oberving wildlife and topography, with excellent illustrations. US$25. bookID # 1424 AMUNDSEN, Roald; Sydpolen den Norske Sydpolsfaerd med Fram 1910-1912 (The South Pole). Kristiania (Norway), Jacob Dybwads Forlag, 1912, First Edition, 8vo; 2 volumes, [4l], 528; [4l], 424pp, illus from photos, plans, 2 color fldg or double-page maps, 2 bw fldg maps, orig pictorial cloth, small parts of covers stained, some marginal ink spots on few leaves, hinges cracking but sound, overall a very good set. Spence 14. Conrad 156. The rare first edition, less common than the first London or NY editions which followed this. Amundsen was the first person to reach the south pole, in the famous race with Scott. The bookplates and signature of Andrew Taylor O. C. are in the front of the book. Amundsen learned the technique of using skis while his dogs pulled sledges from Nansen, which is a major reason for his beating Scott, who had his party pull the sledges themselves. Volume two contains appendices on the eastern sledge journey, the voyage of the Fram, the construction of the Fram, and the scientific results of the expedition.

91. Pilgrims On The Ice : Robert Falcon Scott's First Antarctic Expedition An important contribution to a significant aspect of Antarctic exploration . . . Baughman’s treatment includes numerous new http://unp.unl.edu/bookinfo/3724.html

Click for larger cover scan Pilgrims on the Ice Robert Falcon Scott's First Antarctic Expedition By T. H. Baughman Cloth: 1999, xvii, 334, CIP.LC 99-20685 ISBN : 0-8032-1289-5 Price: $27.50 University of Nebraska Press 2000 CHOICE magazine Outstanding Academic Book “[A] long-needed, detailed assessment of Scott's first Antarctic venture. The author has given excellent attention to all members of the expedition, down to the RN 'bluejackets,' as well as to the often-rancorous politics involving the Royal Geographical Society, the Royal Society, and the British government. This is essential reading: vivid, excitingeven well-read Antarctic aficionados will hasten to turn the pages to learn how Scott manages to free his ship from the ice and take it home in one piece.”— Choice “An important contribution to a significant aspect of Antarctic exploration . . . Baughman’s treatment includes numerous new and previously unpublished aspects of [these] personalities.”—John Splettstoesser, International Organization of Antarctic Tour Operators. “By far the most authoritative analysis of Scott’s Discovery expedition ever written. Baughman’s scholarship is brilliant. . . . The book is a landmark.”—Michael Rosove, author of Let Heroes Speak: Antarctic Explorers, 1772–1922

92. Sick Fish Are Sign Of Severe Antarctic Pollution, Scientist Says AUCKLAND (July 8, 1997 0132 am EDT) Sick fish, a legacy from 40 years of Antarctic exploration, were proof that access to the frozen continent must be http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/23/001.html

History of the Polar Regions Date: Sat, 12 Jul 97 10:00:51 CDT From: rich@pencil (Rich Winkel) Subject: Antarctic Pollution Sickens Fish /** headlines: 134.0 **/ ** Topic: Antarctic Pollution Sickens Fish ** ** Written 11:01 AM Jul 11, 1997 by econet in cdp:headlines ** /* Written 12:23 AM Jul 8, 1997 by UncleWolf@worldnet.att.net in list.ar-news */ Sick fish are sign of severe Antarctic pollution, scientist says Agence France-Presse AUCKLAND (July 8, 1997 01:32 a.m. EDT) - Sick fish, a legacy from 40 years of Antarctic exploration, were proof that access to the frozen continent must be limited, a scientist who studied Antarctic pollution said Tuesday. Clive Evans, deputy director of the School of Biological Sciences at the University of Auckland, said tons of rubbish dumped in the past four decades, was producing very sick fish from the polluted waters of Winter Quarters Bay, near McMurdo Station. The area is home to the big U.S. polar base and the smaller New Zealand Scott Base. Evans led a research team to study pollution including the effects on fish and marine life of waste and rubbish dumped by early Antarctic explorers. While rigid rules on waste and rubbish disposal had been introduced, Evans said they might not safeguard the Antarctic from pollution if commercial activity, including mining and tourism, increased.

93. Explorers And Leaders : National Maritime Museum Captain Scott Antarctic explorer In 1901-04 Captain Robert Falcon Scott (1868-1912) was the first person to explore antarctica extensively by land. http://www.nmm.ac.uk/site/navId/00500300f005

Low graphics version Site map About us Contact us Search NMM Home Planning a visit What's on News ... Shop You are here: NMM Home Learning Fact files / Explorers and leaders Go back one level Astronomical instruments Comets, meteors and asteroids Explorers and leaders ... The solar system Explorers and leaders Captain James Cook Find out about Captain James Cook, 18th century explorer and navigator. Cook's achievements in mapping the Pacific, New Zealand and Australia radically changed our understanding of world geography. Captain Scott - Antarctic explorer In 1901-04 Captain Robert Falcon Scott (1868-1912) was the first person to explore Antarctica extensively by land. Christopher Columbus What did Columbus want to do? Why did he want to sail west? And what exactly did he find? Ferdinand Magellan: The first to sail around the world The First to Sail around the World Horatio Nelson (1758–1805) Horatio Nelson had a passionate belief in his ability to become a hero. His victories and great courage caught the public imagination, and he was indeed considered a hero, both in his own lifetime and in the Victorian period following his death. John and Sebastian Cabot John Cabot (about 1450–98) was an experienced Italian seafarer who came to live in England during the reign of Henry VII. In 1497 he sailed west from Bristol hoping to find a shorter route to Asia, a land believed to be rich in gold, gems and other luxuries. Find out about his life, his son Sebastian, and his achievements.

94. USATODAY.com - Understanding And Researching Antarctic History Even by late in the 17th century, after explorers had found that South America and Australia were not part of antarctica, geographers generally believed the http://www.usatoday.com/weather/resources/coldscience/ahist0.htm

document.write(''); Home News Money Sports ... Weather Inside Cold Science Cold Science home Polar weather All about ice Science ... Click here to get the Daily Briefing in your inbox Understanding and researching Antarctic history Early Greek geographers believed that a large continent existed at the "bottom" of the word to "balance" the land they knew about. The Greeks gave this imagined land the name " Anti-Arktikos ," which mans the opposite of the Arctic. Even by late in the 17th century, after explorers had found that South America and Australia were not part of "Antarctica," geographers generally believed the continent was much larger than it really is. Between 1772 and 1775 the ships commanded by British explorer James Cook became the first to cross the Antarctic Circle, eventually reaching 71 degrees, 10 minutes south, where he was stopped by sea ice. Seal hunters in the 19th century were the first to actually reach the continent with the first recorded landed in 1822. The USATODAY.com story below has more on this. Antarctica was once warm First humans didn't arrive until 18th century The Heroic Age Jack Williams, USATODAY.com

95. In A Crystal Land: Canadian Explorers In Antarctica. By George J. Luste more articles and book reviews from this and other journals visit UTPJOURNALS online at UTPJOURNALS.com In a Crystal Land Canadian Explorers in antarctica. http://www.utpjournals.com/product/chr/764/in18.html

Published in Canadian Historical Review Volume 76, Number 4 December 1995 To see more articles and book reviews from this and other journals visit UTPJOURNALS online at UTPJOURNALS.com In a Crystal Land: Canadian Explorers in Antarctica. Dean Beeby. Toronto: University of Toronto Press 1994. Pp. xii, 262. $29.95 Reviewed by George J. Luste, University of Toronto Today it is self-evident that the high latitudes on our spherical earth, whether they be northern or southern latitudes, have much in common with each other. They are both deep-freeze laboratories, with immense glaciers, long winter nights, extreme weather conditions, uniquely adapted wildlife, magnetic poles, and depleted ozone holes in the upper atmosphere. It thus seems quite natural to surmise that if we are to understand one pole, we must also study the other. Unlike the United States, England, Australia, and other countries, Canada, as a nation, never participated in Antarctic exploration or research. Only in 1988, and then only as a nonconsultative member, did Canada endorse and sign the 1961 Antarctic Treaty, which set aside competing national claims on the territory of this vast southern continent. With much of the vast Arctic landscape at our doorstep, it comes as an initial surprise to discover that any Canadians participated in the early Antarctic expeditions. But on reflection, given our northern heritage of ample cold, ice, and snow, it is quite natural that Canadians would be seen as suitable Antarctic companions by others. And as individuals, Canadians were undoubtedly drawn to this challenging environment, with its familiar extremes of ice and cold.

96. GLACIER: Index General introduction to glaciers, the Antarctic, and related topics in weather, climate, oceans, and http://www.glacier.rice.edu/

97. Robert Falcon Scott: Antarctic Explorer - EnchantedLearning.com Robert Falcon Scott Antarctic Explorer. Robert Falcon Scott (June 6, 1868 March 29, 1912) was a British naval officer and Antarctic explorer. http://www.enchantedlearning.com/explorers/page/s/scott.shtml

EnchantedLearning.com is a user-supported site. As a bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages. Click here to learn more. (Already a member? Click here. An Enchanted Learning Web Page Zoom Explorers A B C D ... Glossary of Exploration Terms Robert Falcon Scott: Antarctic Explorer Robert Falcon Scott (June 6, 1868 - March 29, 1912) was a British naval officer and Antarctic explorer. Scott led two expeditions to the South Pole, and died on the disastrous second trip, along with his crew. His expedition was the second to reach the South Pole (1910-1912); Roald Amundsen led the first. First Antarctic Expedition: Scott led his first British Antarctic expedition on the ship HMS Discovery (1901-1904). On this mission, they sailed along northern Ross Island to Mount Terror (past the area explored by James Ross ). Scott named this new area King Edward VI Land. Scott went in a hot air balloon on February 4, 1902, making the first balloon flight on Antarctica. The expedition overwintered on Hut Point (on Ross Island). Scott and two crew members tried to cross the Ross Ice shelf on a sled pulled by 19 dogs (November 1902 - January 1903). Scurvy (a lack of vitamin C) made them ill and they were forced to return. Soon after, most of the crew returned to England (March 1903); Scott and a few others remained to expore the area until September 1904.

98. Adventure Travel & World Travel | IExplore With National Geographic Region All Regions http://www.iexplore.com/

dateString = 1062220438; FORBES' #1 ADVENTURE TRAVEL SITE 4 YEARS IN A ROW TIME MAGAZINE TOP 50 Your experts in adventure and experiential travel Keyword Search: Home Trip Finder Destination Guides Join / Sign-in ... Merchandise Find Your Next Adventure Trip Search by Destination and Activity Region: All Regions Africa Antarctica Australia and the South Pacific Caribbean Central and South America Europe Far East Middle East North America South and Southeast Asia Country: All Countries Activities: All Activities Bicycle Touring Canal and River Cruising Canoeing Culinary Cultural Exploration Expedition Cruises Field Research / Volunteering Fishing Hiking / Trekking / Walking Horseback Riding Miscellaneous Mountain Biking

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