1. ThinkQuest : Library : Antarctica Every thing about Antarctica is amazing and the exploration of it is no exception. In 1819, no one had even seen this continent. http://library.thinkquest.org/26442/html/explore/

Index Antarctica Antarctica "Antarctica" is a site that covers land we do not know. Five sections explore this large land mass with virtual tours and fascinating facts. "Terra Incognita" is about the geography of Antarctica; "SubAntarctic Islands" looks at the islands of Antarctica; "Exploration" recounts the history of exploration in Antarctica and "Human Presence" shows how the presence of humans have affected Antarctica,. Other sections include "Life on Antarctica", about the life forms on Antarctica. There is a Flash version called "Virtual Antarctica" giving you the chance to tour the areas of your choice. This site should stimulate further exploration and research for those who are really keen on this topic. Visit Site 1999 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Languages English Students Robert Oliver Kantonsschule Enge, Wettswil, Switzerland Lik Man Raffles Institution, Singapore, Singapore Coaches Mario Want to build a ThinkQuest site? The ThinkQuest site above is one of thousands of educational web sites built by students from around the world. Click here to learn how you can build a ThinkQuest site.

2. Antarctica Exploration Cruises Main Page Our Explorers Cruises combine the comfortable adventure cruises of Classic Antarctica with visits to the Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia. http://www.travelvantage.com/ant_cru_explore.html

Our program of voyages onboard our adventure fleet explores the South Shetland Islands, the northern and western coasts of the Antarctic Peninsula, the Falkland Islands and South Georgia. There are also more unusual programs such as the Classic Antarctica Adventure with SCUBA-diving, sea-kayaking and camping options, or a fabulous voyage traveling the length and breadth of the stunning Falkland Islands Cruise Calendar Antarctica Page Revised: 01 Jun 2004 Cruises CLASSIC ANTARCTICA - 11 or 12 days voyages Pr. Multanovskiy, Pr. Molchanov, M/V Orlova, Ak. Shokalskiy These adventure cruises offer you the ideal introduction to the great White Continent. Departing and finishing in the port of Ushuaia, Argentina, we include the most exciting sites along the Antarctic Peninsula and the South Shetland Islands. Our program will emphasize wildlife viewing, possible visits to scientific bases, and the breathtaking scenery of narrow waterways, glaciers, icebergs and rugged mountains. Cruises in February on Multanovskiy have options for CAMPING, SEA-KAYAKING

3. Antarctica Exploration Results From Gezia.org Gezia.org The Internet Information Repository. antarctica exploration. Updated 2004-May-01 143801. antarctica exploration results listed below http://antarctica.gezia.org/antarctica-exploration.html

antarctica exploration Updated 2004-May-20 14:38:01 antarctica exploration results listed below: Results for antarctica exploration prepared. Click here to continue nothofagus antarctica antarctica desert antarctica flag ... how big is antarctica These searches may be useful as well

4. Antarctica Exploration, Perception And Metaphor Book Add to Favorites. antarctica exploration, Perception and Metaphor Book. Science Books Astronomy Cosmology. antarctica exploration, Perception and Metaphor. http://science.shoppingsavvy.com/Antarctica-Exploration,-Perception-and-Metaphor

Add to Favorites Antarctica: Exploration, Perception and Metaphor Book Science Books Astronomy Cosmology Search Search in: Amazon.com Shopping Online Shopping Links History Books Camera Romance Books CDs ... Luggage Browse Items in Cosmology Antarctica: Exploration, Perception and Metaphor Publisher: Routledge Item #: 0415082250 Price: Astronomy Cosmology More Cosmology Books

5. George Glazer Gallery - Admiral Byrd Antarctica Exploration Globe Shipping routes indicated. This unusual globe commemorates the expeditions of Richard E. Byrd who began the modern exploration of Antarctica. http://www.georgeglazer.com/globes/archive-novelty/barbyrd.html

Admiral Richard E. Byrd Official Junior Globe George F. Cram Co., Indianapolis (globe maker) Barowe Inc., Chicago Illinois: c. 1930s (manufacturer) 7-inch terrestrial table globe 10 inches tall; 6 inches diameter, base Sold please inquire as to the availability of similar items. The terrestrial globe with paper gores, within blue-painted metal uncalibrated half meridian, on round tin stand faced with transfer prints of the Richard E. Byrd Antarctic expedition. Oceans greenish blue, geographical entities in various colors. Shipping routes indicated. This unusual globe commemorates the expeditions of Richard E. Byrd who began the modern exploration of Antarctica. Weekly radio broadcasts were made to the American public from the Byrd expedition, captivating their interest. The globe stand has five illustrations of Richard Byrd's Antarctica expedition commemorated by the globe: 1. Byrd's plane landing in Antarctica; 2. the "Little America Station of KJTY" that transmitted the broadcast of the expedition; 3. the S.S. Jacob Ruppert, the supply ship for the 1933-35 expedition from which the radio broadcasts were initially made; 4. Byrd on a dog sled; and 5. penguins. Admiral Richard Byrd was a successful naval aviator and innovator of navigational methods for flying over water without visual cues from land. This led to a successful trans-Atlantic flight and a flyover of the North Pole, which helped him garner public support for his 1928-1930 expedition, the first American venture into Antarctica in almost 90 years. He returned with a second expedition in 1933-35. He remained an active player and planner of subsequent U.S. exploration of the region. Byrd was a popular hero of the era so his routes often appeared on globes.

6. Versiya | All News 30/10/2003. antarctica exploration is carried out with the help of Versiya’s servers. Versiya supplied server equipment to State http://www.versiya.com/eng/about/news.shtml?id=3030

7. Welcome To Routledge antarctica exploration, Perception and Metaphor by Paul SimpsonHousley. Area Geography Publisher Routledge Pub Date 09/1992 http://www.routledge-ny.com/books.cfm?isbn=0415082250

8. Antarctic Exploration: History Of The Pursuit Of The Pole History of the exploration of antarctica, British and Norwegian expeditions to the South Pole Scott, Shackleton, Wilson, Bowers, Amundsen and Oates. http://home.earthlink.net/~kcrawfish/

Antarctic Exploration A History of the Turn-of-the-Century Pursuit of the South Pole On New Year's Day, after eight weeks of grueling travel by dog and man-hauling, Scott Shackleton and Wilson turned northwards away from the South Pole "reluctantly forced to confess that all [their] trouble had been in vain." These three men of the Discovery Expedition, though, had, in Scott's words, "made a greater advance towards a pole of the earth than has ever yet been achieved by a sledge party." Their ordeal, however, was far from over. On the other side of the world, on 16 June, Amundsen set sail with a crew of six aboard the Gjoa on a double quest, to cross the Northwest Passage by sea and to relocate the Magnetic North Pole. By 1905, he would succeed in both his goals. What the Eskimos taught him would serve him well later in the Antarctic. That same year, after having heroically saved his men while suffering a wounded leg in the Boer War, Oates was recovering in the luxury his class afforded him, enjoying his greatest passions, hunting and horses. Yet, he seemed to long for a sense of purpose. Meanwhile, in June, as Midshipman R.N.R. and 2nd Mate on the Loch Torridon

9. Antarctica ................... exploration. The continent of antarctica was the last real land frontier in the 20th century, and its early explorers set themselves the goal of reaching the South Pole, and exploring the rest of the http://www.wcsscience.com/antarctica/page2.html

Exploration The continent of Antarctica was the last real land frontier in the 20th century, and its early explorers set themselves the goal of reaching the South Pole, and exploring the rest of the continent. Robert F. Scott's 'Discovery' expedition early in the 1900's made an initial attempt to reach the Pole. Although they made it further than any previous expedition, they were unable to make it all the way. In 1908, Ernest Shackleton, one of the members of Scott's first party, returned to the Antarctic as leader of the 'Nimrod' expedition, and came to within 150 km of the Pole before returning to base at McMurdo Sound. Then a Norwegian expedition, led by Roald Amundsen, along with a second expedition by Scott, set out for the South Pole. It became a race. The race ended on December 14, 1911, when Amundsen and four others arrived at the South Pole after an uneventful and carefully prepared overland journey. Their return also went without problems. It didn't go so well for Scott's party, however. Scott and four companions reached the Pole a month later, to find the tent and flag of the Norwegian explorer already in place. But there had been problems with the cold from the beginning of the expedition, and then, weakened by the difficult return journey, Scott and his companions all died. Henry R. Bowers, Dr. Edward Wilson, and Scott all perished of starvation and exposure on March 29, 1912, within 18 km of a supply depot. Their bodies, along with valuable documents and specimens left by Scott in his tent, were found by a search party almost eight months later. His diaries and other documents were published as 'Scott's Last Expedition' in 1913.

10. Antarctica Fact File - History, A Time Line Of The Exploration Of Antarctica Timeline of key events in the history of antarctica, exploration and discovery http://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica fact file/History/exploration and histo

Search this site Antarctic shop Pictures Antarctica Cruise Facts ... Site Map Antarctica Fact File - History, Exploration Time Line Connected pages: The Heroic age of Antarctic Exploration Antarctic History Timeline Roald ... Shackleton Store A brief history of the exploration of Antarctica What else was happening in the world? Other stuff 350 B.C. It was the ancient Greeks who first came up with the idea of Antarctica. They knew about the Arctic - named Arktos - The Bear, from the constellation the great bear and decided that in order to balance the world, there should be a similar cold Southern landmass that was the same but the opposite "Ant - Arktos" - opposite The Bear. They never actually went there, it was just a lucky guess! In January, James Cook crosses the Antarctic circle and circumnavigates Antarctica, though he doesn't sight land, deposits of rock seen in icebergs showed that a southern continent exists. His comment - " I make bold to declare that the world will derive no benefit from it ".

11. Antarctic History first occupied the continent of antarctica (1899), and a mere 180 human voyages of exploration. His thorough investigation and reasoned dismissal of antarctica's value was enough http://www.antarcticaonline.com/antarctica/history/history.htm

Introduction It has been only 100 years since humans first occupied the continent of Antarctica (1899), and a mere 180 years since seafarers first saw the islands of the Antarctic Peninsula (1819). Yet even before they laid eyes on it, most early explorers were convinced a large, southern continent existed. They called it Terra Australis Incognitathe Unknown Southern Land. The idea went back to the ancient Greeks, who had a fondness for symmetry and balance. There must be a great continent to the south, they postulated, to balance the great land masses in the northern hemisphere. Two thousand years later, the great age of exploration brought Europeans far enough south to test the hypothesis. In 1520, after he had sailed through the Strait that now bears his name, Magellan speculated that the land to his south, Tierra del Fuego, might mark the northern edge of a great continent. Fifty-eight years later, in 1578, Sir Francis Drake sailed his Golden Hind through Magellan's Strait. He encountered severe weather on the Pacific side and was blown to the south of Tierra del Fuego, then east around Cape Horn. It became obvious that Magellan's "continent" was merely a series of islands at the tip of South America. If there was indeed a southern continent, it had to be further south. It seems ironic that the severe weather that makes the southern ocean so dangerous, particularly in the south Atlantic, was a key factor in the discovery of Antarctica. Time and time again, sailors blown off course by a storm discovered new land. Often, this new land was further south than any previously known. While attempting to navigate around Cape Horn in 1619, the Spaniards Bartoleme and Gonzalo Garcia de Nodal were blown off course, only to discover the tiny islands they named Islas Diego Ramirez. This would be the most southerly recorded land for another 156 years.

12. An Antarctic Diary Chronicles a journey to Base 'T', Adelaide Island from 19631966 by the RRS John Biscoe. Includes narrative and photos of the expedition, life on the base, wildlife, sledging trips, and information about early exploration. http://www.antarctic-diary.co.uk/

13. The American Experience | Alone On The Ice Richard Byrd's 1934 ordeal within antarctica's interior. Enhanced show transcript, exploration timeline, maps, and teacher's guide. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/ice/

Special Features Timeline Maps Teacher's Guide Special Features Timeline Maps Teacher's Guide ... Web Credits

14. Explore Antarctica For centuries, antarctica has been a destination for exploration and discovery but our scientific knowledge of the continent stems from the research carried http://www.secretsoftheice.org/explore/

From the National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs Maintain Antarctic treaty; ensure only peaceful uses of region Protect the environment; ensure equitable use of resources Foster science that solves regional and global problems Antarctica is a place like no other. Ice and snow cover 98% of the continent while high mountain peaks and a few other bare rocky areas make up the only visible land. It is a region of extremes: the coldest, windiest, driest, and highest of all the continents. Stormy waters of the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans surround Antarctica keeping it isolated and alone at the bottom of the world. Only a few small plants and insects can survive on this harsh and rugged continent but many animals thrive in the surrounding waters. Fish, krill, penguins, seals, whales, and many kinds of sea birds call Antarctica their home, however, the freezing temperatures and months of darkness make life for its few inhabitants an eternal battle for survival. For centuries, Antarctica has been a destination for exploration and discovery but our scientific knowledge of the continent stems from the research carried out during the International Geophysical Year (IGY) in 1957-58. During the IGY, scientists from around the world established stations across the continent and surrounding islands to study earthquakes, gravity, magnetism, oceans, and solar activity. The first complete weather charts for Antarctica were completed during the IGY while other scientists measured the thickness of the ice cap and studied the shape of the land. The cooperation and goodwill throughout the IGY led to the negotiation of a treaty to protect Antarctica.

15. Antarctica - Introduction Personal recollections, a history of early Antarctic exploration, and pictures of the wildlife and organisms that live in the Antarctic. http://www.geocities.com/RainForest/Canopy/8947/index.html

Many of the images herein have a larger and better quality version behind the thumbnail. You may use the icons at the head and foot of these pages to navigate the site. Use this icon to navigate to an earlier page in the collection, it is not a BACK button, you can use your browser for that This icon takes you through the pages where I show you an Antarctic year using photographs I took during my stay on Signy Island. To return to this home page from anywhere on the site, just press this icon. Some fauna not presented on the Antarctic year pages, including some microscopic animals from the mosses. If your interest is in the early exploration of the Antarctic, then this icon might help you find what you seek. The right arrow will take you on a tour through my pages. There are three reasons why I embarked upon creating this set of Antarctic Pages: :- ( I couldn't find Scott During the creation of my Family History Home Pages I wanted to add a link in my TimeLine to Robert Falcon Scott's final expedition - but I failed to find one. The situation over the past 18 months has totally transformed. A search in any half decent search engine (try http://www.google.com

16. Antarctic Exploration by Christopher R. Bero, Center for Astrophysical Research in antarctica AmundsenScott Station, 1995-1996. A BRIEF HISTORY OF SOUTH POLE exploration by Nancy http://205.174.118.254/nspt/explore/explore.htm

ANTARCTIC EXPLORATION Sign at the Geographic Pole We are actively searching for Old Antarctic Explorers (OAE) who are interested in sharing their experiences of the time they spent in Antarctica. If you are an OAE or know of one who is willing to write about the time spent in Antarctica, please write Katie Wallet at: kwallet@pen.k12.va.us . Contributions are welcome. Getting to the Pole SOUTH POLE TRAVEL GUIDE by Christopher R. Bero, Center for Astrophysical Research in Antarctica Amundsen-Scott Station, 1995-1996 A BRIEF HISTORY OF SOUTH POLE EXPLORATION by Nancy and Michael Amundsen-Scott Station, 1995-1996 A HISTORY OF SOUTH POLE EXPLORATION by Dr. Robert Lutes, Physician Amundsen-Scott Station, 1993-1994 This collection of stories are ones you don't find this in the history books! FROM HIGH HEELS TO MUKLUKS by Edith "Jackie" Ronne (Mrs. Finn Ronne) Member of the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1946-48 REFLECTIONS ON A VISIT TO ANTARCTICA IN 1956-1957 by Robert N. Barger, Ph.D. FIRST ENCOUNTER 1963 by Don Epperson, CDR, USNR, Retired

17. Web-and-Flow WebQuest: Antarctica As a group you re going to explore the topic of antarctica. Has scientific exploration produced a positive impact on the Antarctic landscape? http://users.bigpond.net.au/turtle/antarctica/WebQuest Antarctica.htm

Antarctic Exploration by Graeme Norfolk Introduction Question Background Info ... Teacher's Guide Introduction What's the truth and who says so? In the old days (say just before you were born), people could read books, study, and feel pretty sure they knew what was going on. Then things started changing. We realized everyone had an opinion and if we listened, we could learn something. We also found that a lot of topics weren't separate, but connected to each other. So thinking in little boxes didn't work so well. Then along came the Web. Ah-oh... Because anyone can publish a Web page and passionate people tend to want to get their ideas out there, almost any interest, concern or issue has its online community. Guess what: you're going to use the Web for learning. And grabbing someone else's ideas without giving them a close look is worse than silly. Think of it as intellectual slavery. So let's break the chains. You need to explore this Hotlist of web sites to develop an basic understanding of our topic. As a group you're going to explore the topic of Antarctica. Each member of your team will become an expert in one part of the topic. Then you'll have to come back together to answer a question that gets to the heart of 'what's the truth and who says so?'

18. Home Index a bibliography of historical exploration in antarctica. Welcome,. This is a selective and very personal bibliography by an enthusiastic amateur collector. http://www.scelder.org.uk/

Index a bibliography of historical exploration in Antarctica Welcome, This is a selective and very personal bibliography by an enthusiastic amateur collector. I hope it will encourage others to read more about the 'heroic age' of Antarctic exploration.This period is a loose timescale covering between 1892, the Burns Expedition and 1922, the death of Shackleton. To newcomers to this site and to this subject, I urge you to read 'The Worst Journey In The World' by Cherry Aspley- Garrard. This book gives a good indication of the hardships endured and of the stress of leadership in such extreme conditions. This is not a commercial site and I run it solely to share my enthusasism for the subject. It has been in existence in various forms since 1997. During that time I have answered a host of questions from various sources about the Antarctic and Antarctic books. I hope to continue to do so. I particular welcome comments and updates on the books listed. I have recently updated the site and would particulary welcome scanned images of books that are missing from my list. My invitation to discuss these books is genuine, I do not want this to be a faceless and rigid site and welcome comments and queries.

19. Antarctica Fact File - The Heroic Age Of Antarcic Exploration drawn to this arena like a magnet and over the period of just a few short years antarctica was where some of the bravest and most worthy of explorers ever to http://www.coolantarctica.com/Antarctica fact file/History/The_heroic_age_of_Ant

Search this site Antarctic shop Pictures Antarctica Cruise Facts ... Site Map Antarctica Fact File - History - The Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration 1900 -1922 Great things are done when men and mountains meet; They are not done by jostling in the street William Blake Connected pages: The Heroic age of Antarctic Exploration Antarctic History Timeline Roald ... Shackleton Store Antarctic Grotto a picture of the Terra Nova as famously captured by Herbert Ponting on the 1910 - 1913 expedition. At the beginning of the 20th century, Antarctic exploration was the space exploration of the day. Antarctica was (and still is) a distant place visited by few, largely unknown and only recently brought to public awareness. Photographs were rare, moving pictures even more so and radio was in its infancy. Exploration of this "Terra Incognita" was at the limit of possibilities, at the limits of logistical support, of physical endurance and technological capability. Unlike space exploration however

20. Antarctic History And Exploration Lesson 3 History of Antarctic exploration. One of the greatest stories in Antarctic exploration is that of the race to the South Pole. http://www.geophys.washington.edu/People/Students/ginny/antarctica/lesson3ss.htm

Lesson 3: History of Antarctic Exploration Race to the Bottom of the Earth Robert Falcon Scott Scott and his party also reached the Pole, only a month later and was devastated to see the Norwegian flag flying at the bottom of the world. In his diary, Scott said of the discovery "This is an awful place and terrible enough for us to have labored to, without the reward of priority". The image to the left illustrates Scott's devastation. His team retreated and yet were held by bad weather long enough for all of them to parish from lack of supplies. The irony is that they were located only 15 miles from their food depot. The remaining members of Scott's team who were awaiting their return back at the hut journeyed out next summer to find and retrieve the bodies of their friends. Scott's failure to reach the pole on time and return safely was due to his lack of knowledge of cold weather work. Had he been more prepared for his trip, it may have proved fruitful for him. Captain Shackleton and the Plight of Endurance Antarctic Historical Links Antarctic Heritage Trust Begun in 1987, the trust ensures that Antarctic history is preserved through historic sites and artifacts

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