81. Sanctions Against Angola - Global Policy Forum - UN Security Challenges in angola (February 26, 2003) This International Crisis Group (ICG) reportoffers crucial recommendations to angola s government, the International http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/sanction/indexang.htm

about GPF What's New Newsletter Sitemap ... *Opinion Forum Sanctions in Angola This page looks at sanctions imposed by the Security Council against the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), a group long backed by South Africa (during the apartheid period) and by conservatives in the US Congress. The death of UNITA leader Jonas Savimbi on February 22, 2002 and the collapse of UNITA as an effective fighting force, led to a cease-fire deal by which the government recognized UNITA as a legitimate political movement. In April, a UN Security Council resolution authorized a UN mission in Angola to promote political reconciliation. Finally, in December, the Council lifted the sanctions. The end of the war has unlocked Angola's enormous economic potential. After Nigeria, Angola is the second largest producer of oil in sub-Saharan Africa and the world's fourth largest producer of diamonds. (See also Global Policy Forum's Diamonds in Conflict page.) However, expansion of the oil sector increases government corruption where western interest, especially international oil companies, are complicit, (See also Global Policy Forum's Oil in Conflict page) while about 30 percent of the population requires emergency humanitarian assistance.

82. UN To Strengthen Angolan Presence - Security Council - Global peace in the southwest African nation after 27 years of civil war.A resolution adoptedby a vote of 150, and backed by the Angolan government, authorizes a http://www.globalpolicy.org/security/sanction/angola/2002/0816pkg.htm

about GPF What's New Newsletter Sitemap ... *Opinion Forum UN to Strengthen Angolan Presence By Edith M. Lederer Associated Press August 16, 2002 The U.N. Security Council voted unanimously Thursday to strengthen the U.N. presence in Angola to help consolidate peace in the southwest African nation after 27 years of civil war.A resolution adopted by a vote of 15-0, and backed by the Angolan government, authorizes a beefed-up U.N. mission to promote political reconciliation, democratic government, human rights, economic development and reintegration into society of demobilized UNITA guerrillas. "The impact is going to be good," said Angola's U.N. Ambassador Ismael Gaspar Martins. "It can be used for us to move on with the process of consolidating peace in Angola." Earlier Thursday, the Security Council voted unanimously to suspend a travel ban on UNITA rebels for an additional 90 days to help promote peace efforts.Gaspar Martins said the government wanted the travel ban lifted so UNITA members could "participate in the process of unification of UNITA." The follow-on U.N. mission, authorized by the council for six months until Feb. 15, will focus on fulfilling all the remaining tasks in the 1994 U.N.-brokered peace agreement signed in Lusaka, Zambia, by UNITA and the government which collapsed in 1998.

83. Quick Reference Guides On Angola - Government: National Holiday (Facts About Ang Quick Reference Guides on angola government National holiday (Facts About angola). angolagovernment National holiday. Independence Day, 11 November (1975). http://www.reference-guides.com/cia_world_factbook/Angola/Government/National_ho

Quick Reference Guides on Angola - Government: National holiday (Facts About Angola) Top: Angola: Government: National holiday Introduction Background Geography Location Geographic coordinates Map references Area ... Geography - note People Population Age structure Population growth rate Birth rate ... Literacy Government Country name Government type Capital Administrative divisions ... Flag description Economy Economy - overview GDP GDP - real growth rate GDP - per capita ... Fiscal year Communications Telephones - main lines in use Telephones - mobile cellular Telephone system Radio broadcast stations ... Internet users Transportation Railways Highways Waterways Pipelines ... Airports - with unpaved runways Military Military branches Military manpower - military age Military manpower - availability Military manpower - fit for military service ... Military expenditures - percent of GDP Transnational Issues Disputes - international Illicit drugs Angola: Government: National holiday Independence Day, 11 November (1975) Consumer Guides Impartial consumer and government guides, resources and education. Includes mortgage, home loan information and more.

84. Crisis Zone Episode 5 : "Els' Choice" In this episode, there is no suggestion that the angolan government or the UnitedNations are responding to the nutritional crisis in angola where are they? http://www.msf.ca/crisiszone/05.htm

Angola When a cease-fire draws 27 years of civil war to a close, a large-scale humanitarian crisis in Angola is discovered. Formerly inaccessible areas of the country are opened up, exposing tens of thousands of people who have been cut off from medical and food aid since 1998. Levels of malnutrition are among the worst seen in Africa in a decade. A young British doctor on her first mission for MSF, Jacqui Mukoyogo, is assigned to a Therapeutic Feeding Center (TFC) in the town of Malange just as it is quickly flooded with people looking for help. Meanwhile, Els Adams, a veteran MSF nurse, is the first aid worker to arrive at a camp set up by the Angolan government to temporarily accommodate former rebel soldiers and their families. Momentarily overwhelmed by the need she finds there, Els is forced to triage patients for transfer by truck back to the TFC. Bolivia In this episode, nurse Els Adams finds too many malnourished people to transport back to the MSF feeding center. Why does Els only have one truck? The response of the Angolan government and the United Nations to the Angolan nutritional crisis was much later than MSF would have liked. Initially, there was an inexplicable hesitance to acknowledge the severity of the crisis by both parties. When this episode was filmed, the UN and the Angolan government had started to address the situation, but remained bogged down in bureaucratic negotiations concerning how best to respond. Eventually, both did, but only after thousands of lives were lost unnecessarily.

85. Military News About Angola The main Cabinda independence group, the Patriotic Movement for the Liberation ofCabinda (MPLC), has asked for new negotiations with the Angolan government. http://www.strategypage.com/fyeo/qndguide/default.asp?target=Angola

86. History Of Angola Destruction The war between angola s new government and UNITA continuedafter independence, fuelled largely by the Cold War superpowers. http://www.rnw.nl/humanrights/html/angola-history020701.html

Bahasa Indonesia Nederlands English Español Português Current Subject: In this dossier: History of Angola by Eric Beauchemin, 01 July 2002 The Portuguese colonised Angola in the late 15 th century. The territory became a centre for the slave trade in the 17 th century, and from 1641 to 1648, it was briefly occupied by the Dutch. In 1951, Angola became a Portuguese overseas territory. Angolan expert Tony Hodges In 1961, an independence movement, the MPLA or Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola, launched its first attacks against the Portuguese colonisers. Two other ethnically based nationalist movements were formed in the 1960s, including UNITA, the National Union for the Total Independence of Angola. Cold war In 1974, Portugal's military junta was overthrown. The new government, together with the three rebel movements, reached an agreement on Angola's independence. All three movements were determined to achieve political supremacy: the MPLA with support from the Soviet Union and Cuba; the two other movements with the backing of South Africa's apartheid regime and the United States. The ensuing civil war caused an exodus of 350,000 Portuguese settlers. Thousands of Portuguese-owned farms and small businesses collapsed. The mass evacuation left Angola with very few skilled people because the colonial authorities had not invested in education.

87. Village Of Angola Goverment. WNYRIN Justice. Village of angola government. Outlined below is the governmentcontext for the Village of angola and its residents. Beginning http://rin.buffalo.edu/c_erie/juri/angoV/gove/gove.html

DB Search Village of Angola - Government Outlined below is the government context for the Village of Angola and its residents. Beginning with the Village government itself, the public representatives of the Village at all the levels of government may be accessed by clicking on the following links: Municipal Government: Municipal Offices Municipal Officials County Government: Erie County Legislature, District 12 Erie County Offices NYS Government: New York State Senate, District #59 New York State Assembly, District #146 New York State Offices Federal Government: US Senate-Clinton US Senate-Schumer US House of Representatives, District #27 Federal Offices ... Contact WNYRIN Western New York Regional Information Network, a program of the at the

88. World Business Council For Sustainable Development (WBCSD) By disclosing the amount it is being paid, angola s government issetting a new standard for transparency, Ms. Litvack said. http://www.wbcsd.ch/includes/getTarget.asp?type=DocDet&id=NTI4NQ

89. BBC NEWS | World | Africa | Country Profiles | Country Profile: Angola angola s only news agency, Angop, and the only daily newspaper, Jornal deangola, are stateowned and carry little criticism of the government. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/country_profiles/1063073.stm

Home TV Radio Talk ... Programmes LANGUAGES Last Updated: Saturday, 4 October, 2003, 14:07 GMT 15:07 UK E-mail this to a friend Printable version Country profile: Angola Angola was embroiled in civil war for virtually the entire quarter century since its independence. But the death of a veteran rebel leader in 2002 heralded the end of the conflict and reawakened hopes for lasting peace. Although a growing oil producer - at times the eighth-largest supplier to the United States - Angola is one of the world's poorest countries and its life expectancy is among the lowest on the continent. OVERVIEW FACTS LEADERS MEDIA The ruling Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA) and the rebel group Unita were bitter rivals even before the country gained independence from Portugal in 1975. The Soviet Union and Cuba supported the then-Marxist MPLA, while the US and white-ruled South Africa backed Unita as a bulwark against Soviet interests in Africa. After 16 years of fighting which killed up to 300,000 people, a peace deal made it possible for elections to be held. But Unita rejected the outcome and resumed the war, in which hundreds of thousands more were killed. Another peace accord was signed in 1994, after which UN sent in peacekeepers. But the fighting steadily worsened again and in 1999 the peacekeepers withdrew, leaving behind a country rich in natural resources but littered with landmines and ruins of war.

90. Angola - Government government, angola. Country name conventional long form Republicof angola conventional short form angola local short form angola http://www.exxun.com/Angola/d_gv.html

exxun.com america europe africa ... world Evolving xxlarge UNion - thousands windows on the world - constantly updated Home Countries Flags Maps ... Advertise with us Angola Flag Introduction Map Geography ... Music Translation powered by Google Government Angola Country name: conventional long form: Republic of Angola conventional short form: Angola local short form: Angola former: People's Republic of Angola local long form: Republica de Angola Government type: republic, nominally a multiparty democracy with a strong presidential system Capital: Luanda Administrative divisions: 18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire Independence: 11 November 1975 (from Portugal) National holiday: Independence Day, 11 November (1975) Constitution: 11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, 6 March 1991, and 26 August 1992 Legal system: based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; recently modified to accommodate political pluralism and increased use of free markets Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

91. UNICEF - At A Glance: Angola - Real Lives UNICEF maintained a simple line that the angolan government apply its own law whichis unyielding on the protection of children; and that angola, a signatory http://www.unicef.org/infobycountry/angola_508.html

At a glance: Angola var content498=498; var men498=498; var Thebigpicture=498; The big picture var content503=499; var men499=503; var Statistics=503; Statistics var content504=500; var men500=504; var Contactus=504; Contact us var content505=501; var men501=505; var Reallives=505; Real lives var content18010=eval(men501); var submen18010=501; var content13039=eval(men501); var submen13039=501; var content13042=eval(men501); var submen13042=501; var content13045=eval(men501); var submen13045=501; var content10907=eval(men501); var submen10907=501; var content9312=eval(men501); var submen9312=501; var content6584=eval(men501); var submen6584=501; var content507=eval(men501); var submen507=501; var content508=eval(men501); var submen508=501; var content4959=4959; var men4959=4959; var Countriesinthisregion=4959; Countries in this region var content4960=4960; var men4960=4960; var Allcountries=4960; All countries document.getElementById( 'sub' + eval('content' + eval(Reallives))).style.display ="inline"; document.getElementById( 'menu' + eval(Reallives)).className="here";

92. Permanent Mission Of The Republic Of Angola To The United Nations - Government O government OFFICIALS OF angola. http://www.un.int/angola/government_officials.htm

GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS OF ANGOLA Government Government Officials General Information Ministries Head of State The President José Eduardo Dos Santos Telephones Office- PBX: 370150/370230/370373 Fax:37 03 66 Civil House: 693274 PA Office: 69 30 69 Ceremonial: 33 29 39 President of The National Assembly Roberto de Almeida Palácio dos Congressos Avenida 1º Congresso do MPLA Tel/Fax: 33 11 18 Prime Minister Fernando Dias dos Santos "Nando" TBA N/A N/A President of The Supreme Court TBA N/A N/A CABINET MINISTERS Minister of Defense Kundi Payama Rua 17 de Setembro Luanda Office of The Minister: 33 75 30/33 35 56 Public Relations and Protocol: 33 90 51 Fax: 33 42 76 Deputy Defense Minister Demostenes Abel Chilingutila

93. Permanent Mission Of The Republic Of Angola To The United Nations - Government O government OF angola. http://www.un.int/angola/government.htm

GOVERNMENT OF ANGOLA Government Government Officials General Information Ministries Country name: Angola Official name : Republic of Angola President: Mr. José Eduardo Dos Santos Government type: Multiparty democracy with a semi-executive presidency composed of the following State bodies: The President of the Republic, the National Assembly, the Government and the Courts. Party of Government: MPLA Main opposition party: UNITA Capital: Luanda Political/Administrative divisions: 18 Provinces divided in 163 municipalities; Bengo, Benguela, Bié, Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, , Uige, Zaire Independence: 11 November 1975 (from Portugal) National holiday: Independence Day, 11 November (1975)

94. United Nations Fails In Angola United Nations fails in angola. was in sight to one of the cold war’s symbolic confrontations,the 15 yearold conflict between the Luanda government and Unita http://mondediplo.com/1999/07/11angola

July 1999 Contents Too high the moon Privatising social democracy United Nations fails in Angola First victims of biological warfare Judgement at Luxembourg Laos harnesses power of the Mekong Creation myth of the "geo-architect" ... Peace for Algeria Would you like to read more? We have a special offer: subscribe now search the site: to receive our free monthly summaries, please fill in your e-mail address THE OPPOSITION CANNOT BE DISARMED United Nations fails in Angola by Augusta Conchiglia After monitoring the withdrawal of South African and Cuban troops from Angola, decided in New York in December 1988 at the same time as Namibian independence (3), the UN was immediately mandated to monitor the peace accords signed at Bicesse in Portugal in 1991. The Bicesse accords, brokered by the United States, the former Soviet Union and Portugal, provided for general elections to be held after the demobilisation and disarmament of both Unita and government forces, and for the formation of a national army comprising troops from both sides. The UN learnt a lesson from this bitter experience. In 1984 it decided in Lusaka to boost its observer mission to almost 8,000 men. And on 30 June 1997 the Security Council set up Monua to take over from Unavem (5).

95. International Spotlight: Angola the United Nations. The creation of a procommunist government in Angolafurther alienated FLEC, and they decided to take up arms. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-adv/specialsales/spotlight/angola/article10.htm

placeChannelNav('intl_spotlight'); Articles Angola: Country Information Swimming in Oil End to Conflict Sunflower State ... Participating Advertiser Contact Information But which people exactly, as separatist tensions over the oil-rich enclave of Cabinda look set to rumble on During his February trip to meet U.S. President Bush in Washington, Angolan President Jose Eduardo dos Santos caused great surprise by announcing that he supported the idea of holding a referendum on the self-determination of Cabinda. credit: Empresa Nacional de Fotografias However, the Angolan head of state said that he would not only be seeking the opinion of the people of Cabinda province, but of the whole nation of Angola. Given that Cabinda has a population of 170,000 while Angola as a whole has an estimated 12 million, there is little doubt about the outcome of such a referendum. Would the rest of the Angolans allow the tiny oil-rich enclave of Cabinda to go free? It seems unlikely. Cabinda's independence movement, the Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (FLEC), had little time for Jose Eduardo dos Santos' comments. They reacted by saying they would only accept an East Timor type of referendum supervised by the United Nations. The Cabinda issue has been a divisive one for Angolans since colonial times. The first independence movement, the Movement for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda (MLEC) was founded in 1960 after a number of Cabindan nationalists, including Andre Mingas and Pedro Benge, were arrested in 1959 and deported to the infamous Tarrafal concentration camp on the Cape Verde Islands. These two men were arrested alongside several Angolan activists, with whom they had been agitating for independence. For the first time, it was becoming clear that a coordinated nationalist movement was being formed across the Portuguese territory, and the colonial authority was anxious to stamp it out.

96. Traveljournals.net - Government Of Angola the president is both chief of state and head of government cabinet Council of undera oneparty system and stood for reelection in angola s first multiparty http://www.traveljournals.net/explore/angola/government.html

Home Explore Pictures Stories ... Accommodation Search: Navigation: Home Explore Angola / Government Government of Angola Locations: A B C D ... Search Country name: conventional long form:  Republic of Angola conventional short form:  Angola local long form:  Republica de Angola local short form:  Angola former:  People's Republic of Angola Government type: transitional government, nominally a multiparty democracy with a strong presidential system Capital: Luanda Administrative divisions: 18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire Independence: 11 November 1975 (from Portugal) National holiday: Independence Day, 11 November (1975) Constitution: 11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, 6 March 1991, and 26 August 1992 Legal system: based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; recently modified to accommodate political pluralism and increased use of free markets Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

97. Angola 2001 - Introduction Geography People Government Economy Communications Tr angola 2001 Introduction Geography Population government Economy CommunicationsTransportation Military Issues Maps Flags. Support our Sponsor. http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/angola/

Country Ranks Maps Flags DEFINITIONS ... [TOP] Angola 2001 http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/angola/index.html SOURCE: 2001 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - Enter your e-mail address to receive e-mail when this web site is updated. Your Internet e-mail address: http://www.photius.com/wfb2001/angola/index.html Photius Coutsoukis Revised 11-Nov-01

98. Angola Bans Genetically Modified Seed Ironically, angola s extraordinary wealth of genetic diversity in agriculturalcrops is directly due to the twentyyear civil war. While government troops http://www.scienceinafrica.co.za/2004/april/angolagm.htm

April 2004 Article Home Events Jobs Funding ... Archives Angola bans genetically modified seed The Angolan government has hit back at critics of its move last month to ban unmilled genetically modified seed in donations meant for the hungry, saying that it has sound scientific reasons for doing so. One of the main reasons for the ban is to protect Angola's great diversity of plant life, according to Elizabeth Matos, chairperson of the National Plant Genetic Resources centre in Luanda. "We are holding in our gene bank almost 800 different types of maize and local ecotypes that we have picked up from all over the country and we don't want this material crossed with GM [organisms]," Matos said. One of the other important reasons for the GMO ban is the absence of regulatory systems - hardly surprising in a country which has been at war since before independence in 1975. There is no national biosafety framework and no legislation. In contrast, South Africa, which allows the import of GMOs, has one extensive regulatory system, while the United States has three. Angola has nothing. There is another powerful motivation for caution on the part of the Angolan government. It was only discovered in 2002 that genetically modified maize had been coming into the country in unmilled food aid, unannounced, for several years. "We have a lab which is testing for GM and we found last year that all the maize from the USA was GM," Matos said. "This year new tests in the port of Lobito found not one but two transgenic events, both herbicide- and pesticide-resistant, and we are concerned about this crossing into our local varieties."

99. Press Release: Urgent Action - Angola: Violations Against Angolans Continue At T angolan nationals at the Border, are operating in collaboration with the ruling partyof angola in Luanda, the MPLA. The Namibian government enforced since the http://home.snafu.de/usp/pe240699.htm

Iniciativa Angolana Antimilitarista para os Direitos Humanos Initiative Angolaise Antimilitariste pour les Droits de l’Homme Angolanische Antimilitaristische Menschenrechtsinitiative Angolan Anti-Militarism Initiative for Human Rights I.A.A.D.H. [To all media and foreign aid agencies] Press release Berlin, June 24th, 1999 URGENT ACTION - ANGOLA! VIOLATIONS AGAINST ANGOLANS CONTINUE AT THE NAMIBIAN BORDERS Source: National Society for Human Rights (NSHR), Windhoek/Namibia (NSHR/IAADH) - Angolan nationals residing in the Cuando-Cubango Province along the northeastern border of Namibia just north of the Kavango River continue to be detained, displaced and deported by Namibian authorities. The detainees are deported to Angolan Government-controlled areas via the Oshikango border post on the northwestern border of Namibia. Over 100 men, women and children have been so deported against their willsince the beginning of April 1999. Some of the female deportees have left their babies behind at Kalay just north of Rundu along the northeastern borders of Namibia. The human rights monitors of NSHR within the police force at Rundu confirmed that detainees, most of whom have relatives on the Namibian side of the Kavango River, are "inhumanly" denied the right to be visited by their Namibia-based relatives or friends who intend to bring food and other necessities to them. Whereas lactating mothers with babies as young as six months are also not allowed to return to their babies, according to its sources.

100. Angola: Oil And Accountability The government of angola has not complied with its obligations under internationalhuman rights law because it has misallocated resources at the expense of the http://www.africafocus.org/docs04/ang0401.php

news analysis advocacy tips on searching the web allafrica.com africaaction.org home subscribe unsubscribe about AfricaFocus Bulletin ... focus on a country Angola: Oil and Accountability AfricaFocus Bulletin Jan 16, 2004 (040116) (Reposted from sources cited below) Editor's Note A new report by Human Rights Watch on Angola is the most detailed public examination to date of discrepancies in accounting for revenue from oil, the product that accounts for the lion's share of the country's exports and government budget. Although Angolan government officials complained about the unfair focus on their country, attributing the problems primarily to insufficiencies in financial systems, the issues raised go to the heart of questions about political accountability not only in Angola, but also around the world. A French judge is currently investigating $160 million of unexplained commissions paid for a mid-1990s contract in Nigeria by the U.S. company Halliburton, then headed by the present US Vice President Dick Cheney. This is only one case of many that point to the Africa-wide and indeed worldwide relevance of further opening up the murky nexus of oil and cash for public examination. Another issue of AfricaFocus Bulletin sent out today contains links to that story and other recent information on the global campaign for transparency and accountability in the oil sector. This issue of AfricaFocus Bulletin contains the summary and selected other excerpts from the Human Rights Watch report on Angola.

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