61. Old English Pages: Historical Contexts According to the Venerable Bede, the Germanic invaders and settlers who began toarrive in 5th century britain included angles, saxons, jutes, Frisians, and http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/ballc/oe/oe-historical.html

Old English Pages Historical Contexts Beginnings: textual sources The Roman historian Tacitus, writing around 98 AD, gives us a picture of Germanic culture around the turn of the millennium his Germania may not be entirely reliable, but it is a good place to start. An English translation is available under Tacitus: Germania in Paul Halsall's Internet Medieval Sourcebook According to the Venerable Bede, the Germanic invaders and settlers who began to arrive in 5th century Britain included Angles, Saxons, Jutes, Frisians , and Danes. The monk Gildas, writing in the first half of the 6th century, provides a nearly contemporary account of their coming. Excerpts from a translation of Gildas' de Excidio Britanniae are available in the Internet Medieval Sourcebook, under Gildas: The Ruin of Britain For a useful summary of key events, see Britannia Internet Magazine's Timeline of British History . For printed resources, see Simon Keynes' Anglo-Saxon History: A Select Bibliography To put it all in context, Matthew White has drawn us a map of Anglo-Saxon England The archeological record The claims and dates offered by early writer such as Tacitus, Gildas and Bede must be evaluated in the light of evidence from the archeological record. The

62. Anglo-Saxons island of britain was under the control of a number of Germanic tribes; the bestknown of these to modern historians are the angles, saxons and jutes. http://www.worldhistory.com/wiki/A/Anglo-Saxons.htm

World History (home) Encyclopedia Index Localities Companies Surnames ... This Week in History Anglo-Saxons Anglo-Saxons in the news The Anglo-Saxons were a Germanic people who inhabited Britain from the mid- 5th century AD. Anglo-Saxon occupation of Britain is traditionally considered the origin of the modern English nation. The Anglo-Saxon Invasions The Roman legion s had abandoned Britain by 410 AD. The Anglo-Saxons came to settle in the island, primarily on the east and south coasts. Their migration was part of the widespread movement of Germanic and other peoples on the mainland of Europe at this time (see Migrations Period). The first Anglo-Saxons in Britain were foederati , mercenaries hired by the Romans during the 4th Century to defend the Province against Germanic and Celtic raiders from beyond its borders. In , after a Council of war, Vortigern , leader of the by then effectively self-governing Britons , granted Thanet in Kent to the Anglo-Saxon warrior leader Hengist as a permanent kingdom, in return for mercenary services. By the , following various revolts, wars, and new agreements, Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were established in Kent, Sussex Middlesex , and Essex. It is not certain how, but by a similar date Anglo-Saxons were also settled in

63. 4Reference || Anglo-Saxons vast majority of the island of britain was under the control of a number of Germanictribes, the best known of which were the angles, saxons and jutes. http://www.4reference.net/encyclopedias/wikipedia/Anglo_Saxons.html

Front Page Encyclopedias Dictionaries Almanacs ... Quotes Anglo-Saxons The Anglo-Saxons were a non- Celt ic people who inhabited Britain from perhaps as early as the mid- 5th century . They are considered ancestral to the contemporary English, so in a sense they can be thought as still living in Britain. The Anglo-Saxon Invasions The Romans had largely abandoned Britain by the second decade of the 5th century AD. Either because of the need to replace this significant military power, or because of its absence, the Anglo-Saxons came to settle on the east coast of the island. Although how these people came to control Britain is unclear, it is clear that their migration was part of the widespread movement of peoples on the mainland of Europe at this time. During the 6th Century there may well have been an organised British resistance to the invaders which was the last hope of freeing the island of Britain from Anglo-Saxon occupation. A figure today known as " King Arthur " could have been a warleader and his fabled "Knights of the Round Table" may refer to the kings of some of these doomed states who fought with him. The institution of High King of Britain was abolished following the death of Cadwallon the Great in the 8th Century and appears to testiment to the feeling of resignation the Britons must have felt. Interestingly the modern Welsh word for England "Lloegyr" means "the lost lands". By the beginning of the

64. United Kingdom History Settlement of angles, saxons, Frisians and jutes as part of and political structuringof the country, particularly under Alfred the great as King of http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/www/en/laenderinfos/laender/laender_ausgabe_html?

65. Anglo-Saxon England 5th and 6th c. saxons, angles, jutes, Frisians crossed in addition to Bede’shistory, AngloSaxon Chronicle). Alfred the great - most famous king of Wessex http://www.cofc.edu/~mccandla/RBoutline4.html

ANGLO-SAXON ENGLAND The A-S Conquest - few written accounts Gildas (Gilas?), British monk, wrote The Ruin of Britain c. 540 AD; moral tract denouncing sins of Britons Bede the Venerable , A-S monk, wrote The Ecclesiastical History of the English People c. 700 AD. archaeological evidence predominates - Britons may have invited A-S settlers to defend against Picts and Scots Vortigern asked Saxons to settle in SE as mercenaries Quarrels with hosts? News of British wealth? - 5th and 6th c. Saxons, Angles, Jutes, Frisians crossed North Sea King Arthur Nennius , 9th c. Welsh chronicler wrote of victory of British over A-S at Mount Badon c. 500 by general named Arturus - basis for Arthurian legend slim tales derive from Geoffrey of Monmouth History of the Kings of Britain in 12th c. claimed Britain founded by King Brut (origin of Britain), descendant of Aeneas peopled stories with armored knights who fought on horseback and behaved chivalrously (problem?) Fate of Celtic Britain? - most of “England”controlled by A-S by 6th c. AD

66. Folklore,Magic And Superstions arrival of the Saxon, angles, and jutes, the invasions Similarly, Cornwall is an AngloSaxonterm meaning stranger in what we now call great britain to embrace http://groups.msn.com/folkloremagicandsuperstions/thecelts.msnw

var nEditorialCatId = 280; MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: document.write(''); Groups Groups Home My Groups Language ... Help Folklore,Magic and Superstions folkloremagicandsuperstions@groups.msn.com What's New Join Now WeLcoMe Post Ye Messages ... Tools Many reference books tell us what scholars knew about the Celts. They tell us that the Celts spoke a language of their own, of which Cornish, Welsh, Breton, Manx, Irish and Scottish Gaelic are the modern descendants of the original Celtic languages. They tell us that the Celtic languages form two major groups, the Brythonic, or those found primarily in BritainCornish, Welsh, and Breton (the latter because of emigration across the English Channel and Gaelic those primarily found in Ireland and Scotland. The major difference, we are told, is the pronunciation of certain letters, among them hard or soft Cs. Perhaps this is where the sehltic or is it kehltic issue comes from. The word Celt is not a word from the Celtic people, it is from the Greek who referred to them as the Keltoi with a hard C. The Celtic countries today include Cornwall, Wales, Brittany, the Isle of Man, Ireland, and Scotland. You will be told that the Celts, or Britons, in what we now call England, were the native peoples before the arrival of the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes from the area around modern Denmark in about 400 to 500 C.E. The Britons were quite used to invasion from Scandinavian Nordic peoples and even by brother Celts from Ireland; however, up until the arrival of the Saxon, Angles, and Jutes, the invasions were raids of plunder and the raiders rarely stayed behind to settle.

67. Roman, Celtic & Anglo-Saxon Influences The saxons, jutes and angles who had settled in britain Europe as part of a greatperigrinatio travel The Anglo- saxons reached Exeter before the end of the 7 http://www.holywells.com/html/roman__celtic___anglo-saxon_in.html

The area covered by the Tarka Country has been subject to a number of traumatic Cultural and religious influences and an appreciation of these may help us understand the origins of many of the recorded Holy Well sites. This part of Britain was at the edge of Roman influence in these islands, it was greatly influenced by the traffic of early Christian travellers between Ireland, Wales and the European mainland in the 4th – 6 th centuries and it was conquered late by the Anglo-Saxons. The boundary between Devon and Cornwall was not fixed until the 10 th century and the isolation of the area meant that many old customs and traditions lingered here long after they had been forgotten elsewhere. The Celts who occupied this area at the time of Roman Britain (AD 43-410) had already been here for several hundred years when the Romans first arrived. A central feature of Celtic mythology was the cult of water worship. Water bubbling out of the ground at a spring is an elemental force; it is easy to see how such places could be thought of as a “portal” place between the everyday and the unknown worlds beyond human influence and time. Certain sites seem to have attracted the offering of gifts and acquired a reputation for healing or as oracles of future events and fortune. The spirit of these waters was often represented as a fish or eel ( this was not unique to Celtic folklore and similar traditions are found throughout Europe and also in some North American, Pacific and Indian cultures). The coming of the Romans changed Britain and influenced the peoples of Tarka Country. However, Roman society was primarily military and urban or based on large estates and it had limited impact in the countryside at this far edge of Roman Britain. Their administrative centre at Isca (Exeter) was distant and it seems likely that the Romans left local chiefs and society largely in control. Christianity came to Britain during the Roman occupation. While it is uncertain how this new religion reached beyond Exeter or survived after the withdrawal of Roman protection in AD 410, evidence from elsewhere suggests that much of Western Britain was influenced by a form of Christianity by AD 500.

68. Definition Of Angles - WordIQ Dictionary & Encyclopedia the 5th century, along with the Frisians, saxons and jutes group has lead to one ofthe AngloSaxon Invasion s namely how it is possible that the angles were so http://www.wordiq.com/definition/Angles

Encyclopedia Dictionary Thesaurus The Web eBooks loadkeyword("Angles"); Angles Encyclopedia Definition: Angles da:Angler fr:Angles (peuple) nl:Angelen Angles (German: Angeln , Old English: Englas , Latin: Angli ) were a Germanic people , a large number of whom migrated from the northernmost part of present-day continental Germany an area which was Danish until the 19th century to Britain in the 5th century , along with the Frisians Saxons and Jutes . The southern Part of Britain was later called Engla-lond (in Old English - "Land of the Angles"), thus England According to sources such as the Venerable Bede , the Angles founded Northumbria East Anglia , and Mercia . Thanks to the major influence of the Saxons, the people of England are also known as Anglo-Saxons , and of course as English . A region of the United Kingdom is still known by the name East Anglia. The Angle homeland where the rest of that people stayed, a small peninsular form in the north-eastern portion of the modern German bundesland of Schleswig-Holstein , itself on the Jutland Peninsula , is still called Angeln today. It is formed as a triangle drawn roughly from modern

69. Anglo-Saxon England And Wales - Map And History saxons settling in the south and west, the angles in the east and north, and theJutes on the Related Alfred the great Also see AngloSaxon London in http://www.britainexpress.com/History/Anglo-Saxon_Britain.htm

Early Anglo-Saxon Britain Anglo-Saxon daily life, Offa and the building of Offa's Dyke. Home History Dark Ages HOME ACCOMMODATION Hotels Youth Hostels TOURS Unique, special interest tours TRAVEL Rail Tickets UK DESTINATIONS England Wales ... Villages VIRTUAL TOURS England Wales CITY GUIDES London Oxford York HISTORY ... Wales Britain Express About Us Advertise with BE Partnerships Privacy ... Send a Free UK eCard English History Early Anglo-Saxon England Settlement . We know very little of the first several hundred years of the Anglo-Saxon, or "English", era, primarily because the invaders were an illiterate people. Our earliest records of them are little more than highly inventive lists of rulers. We know that they established separate kingdoms, the Saxons settling in the south and west, the Angles in the east and north, and the Jutes on the Isle of Wight and the mainland opposite. They probably thought of themselves as separate peoples, but they shared a common language and similar customs. Saxon Britain 600-900 AD The king's power.

70. Invaders! - Angles, Saxons, Vikings The main groups being jutes from the Jutland peninsula (modern Denmark); angles fromAngeln in southwest Jutland and the saxons from northwest Germany. http://www.historic-uk.com/HistoryUK/England-History/Invaders.htm

H ISTORIC Home Stay UK History UK England ... Contact Us UK.com THE history and heritage accommodation guide to England, Scotland and Wales Welcome to History UK - the History of England! Invaders! THE INVADERS - ANGLES AND SAXONS (AD 410) VIKINGS (AD 793) The Romans had been troubled by serious barbarian raids since around AD 360. Picts (northern Celts) from Scotland, Scots from Ireland (until AD1400 the word Scot meant and Irishman) and Saxons from Germany, all came to plunder the accumulated wealth of Roman Britain. The Roman legions began to withdraw from Britain in AD383 to secure the Empire's borders elsewhere in mainland Europe. By AD410 all Roman troops had been withdrawn, leaving the cities of Britain and the remaining Romano-British to fend for themselves. As the Romans departed, so did the source of any major written historical data. For the rest of the fifth century and early sixth century, England entered what is now referred to as a period of time known as the Dark Ages.

71. England - Reference Library migration have been in c. 600 BC (Celts), the Roman period (garrison soldiers fromthroughout the Empire), 350550 (angles, saxons, jutes), 800-900 http://www.campusprogram.com/reference/en/wikipedia/e/en/england.html

Reference Library: Encyclopedia Main Page See live article Alphabetical index England England is the largest, the most populous, and the most densely populated of the nations that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland The name "England" is derived from "Engla-lond" or "land of the Angles". It is often incorrectly used as a synonym for Great Britain or the United Kingdom by some, which is inaccurate and can be offensive. Other terms for England include "Blighty", from the Hindustani "bila yati" meaning "foreign"; "this Green and Pleasant Land", from William Blake 's poem Jerusalem Albion " was used by writers such as Pliny the Elder and Ptolemy in the 1st century, in reference to the white ( Latin : "alba") cliffs of Dover England In Detail Royal motto : Dieu et mon droit (God and my right) Official language None, English is de facto Capital London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK Population - Total ( Density Ranked 1st UK Unification 9th Century by Egbert of Wessex Currency Pound Sterling Time zone ... God Save the Queen Unofficial: Land of Hope and Glory Jerusalem Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide")

72. (Anglo-Saxon Kings stood waste ever since between the jutes and the AngloSaxon chronicle (Peterboroughmanuscript) The island of britain fierce fighting, and led a great part of http://www.chalkwell-windsurfing.fsnet.co.uk/anglo-saxon.html

Districts in the Anglo-Saxon period Anglo Saxon Chronicles. (a) Winchester manuscript : 9th century. (a2) Winchester manuscript : 11th century (b) Abingdon manuscript : 10th century. (c) Abingdon manuscript : 11th century. (d) Worcester manuscript : 11th century. (e) Peterborough manuscript : 12th century (f) Canterbury manuscript : 11th century (h) Winchester Fragment : 12th century Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ( Winchester manuscript 443. Here the Britons sent to Rome and asked them for help against the Picts, but they had none there because they were campaigning against Attila, king of the Huns ; and then they sent to the Angles and made the same request to the princes of the Angle race. 449. Here Mauricius and Valentinian succeeded to the kingdom and ruled 7 years. And in their days Hengest and Horsa, invited by Vortigern, king of the Britons, sought out Britain in the landing-place which is named Ebba's Creek, at first to help the Britons, but latter they fought against them. The king ordered them to fight against the Picts, and they did so and had the victory wheresoever they came. They then sent to Angeln and ordered them to send more help, and tell them of the worthlessness of the Britons and of the excellence of the land. They then sent for more help. These men came from three tribes of Germany : from the Old Saxon, from the Angles, from the Jutes. From the Jutes came the Cantware ( inhabitants of Kent

73. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: The Anglo-Saxon Church The jutes, who came first and occupied Kent and the The saxons of the fifth centurywere better known and The angles in Tacitus s day were settled on the right http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01505a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... A > The Anglo-Saxon Church A B C D ... Z The Anglo-Saxon Church I. ANGLO-SAXON OCCUPATION OF BRITAIN The word Anglo-Saxon is used as a collective name for those Teutonic settlers the foundation stock of the English race who after dispossessing the Celtic inhabitants of Britain in the middle of the fifth century, remained masters of the country until a new order of things was created in 1066 by the coming of the Normans. Though etymologically open to some objection (cf. Stevenson's "Asser", 149) the term Anglo-Saxon is convenient in practice, the more so because we do not know very much concerning the provenance of the Low German tribes who about the year 449 began to invade Britain. The Jutes, who came first and occupied Kent and the Isle of Wight, have been supposed to be identical with the inhabitants of Jutland, but it has been recently shown that this is probably an error (Stevenson, ibid., 167). They were, however, a Frisian tribe. The Saxons of the fifth century were better known and more widely spread, occupying the present Westphalia, Hanover and Brunswick. The Angles in Tacitus's day were settled on the right bank of the Elbe close to its mouth. They seem to have been nearly akin to their then neighbors, the Lombards, who after long wanderings eventually became the masters of Italy. It is curious to find the great historian of the Lombards, Paul the Deacon, describing their dress as resembling that "which the Anglo-Saxons are wont to wear." In England the Saxons, after establishing themselves in the south and east, in the localities now represented by Sussex and Essex, founded a great kingdom in the West which gradually absorbed almost the whole country south of the Thames. In fact, the King of Wessex ultimately became the lord of the entire land of Britain.

74. Anglo-Saxon Period Aethelbert I of Kent (jutes), converted to Christianity by Gradual Christianizationof Anglosaxons by Roman and Irish attacks 787AD; Alfred the great, king of http://mockingbird.creighton.edu/english/fajardo/teaching/eng520/anglosax.htm

Ancient and Germanic (Anglo-Saxon) England Ancient Period (5000 BC-449 AD) Neolithic period, c. 5000-2000 BC, agriculture, mound tombs Non-Indo-European inhabitants New Grange, Ireland, 3200 B.C., passage grave. Bronze Age, 2000-500 B.C. Indo-European language, burial with drinking vessels, flint, metal, farms, circular huts, oblong fields Celtic inhabitants arrived around 750 B.C., hill forts Iron Age (begins in England around 500 B.C.) Celtic people in England: Britons (hence the name Britain/Britannia) (other Celtic tribes: Atrebates, Belgae, Brigantes, Catuvellauni, Dumnonii, Ordovices, Silures) Celtic languages: Gaelic, Brythonic (Britannic) Roman Britain (55 BC-410 AD) Julius Caesar invades Britain, 55 BC Roman conquest of Britain takes place gradually; Celtic peoples become Romanized under the influence of Roman administration, Latin culture and language ongoing conflicts with tribes of Picts and Scots living in northern Britain; Hadrian's Wall (73 miles long), built 121-127 AD as a fortification against Picts and Scots

75. Royaume-Uni - CIRS of invasions, due to Romans, and then to hordes of angles, saxons and jutes. In 1066,the Duke of Normandy, William, defeated the Saxon king at the Battle http://www.cirs-tm.org/Pays/paysENG.php?nom=Royaume-Uni

76. England Definition Meaning Information Explanation of migration have been in c. 600 BC (Celts), the Roman period (garrison soldiersfrom throughout the Empire), 350550 (angles, saxons, jutes), 800-900 http://www.free-definition.com/England.html

A B C D ... Contact Beta 0.71 powered by: akademie.de PHP PostgreSQL Google News about your search term England England is the largest, the most populous, and the most densely populated of the nations that make up the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland England must not be confused with the United Kingdom or Great Britain as a whole. Many people, both from England and other parts of the world, incorrectly refer to Great Britain (both the island and the 'nation') and/or the UK solely as England. This usage is incorrect and can cause offence to people from other parts of the UK. The name "England" is derived from "Engla-lond" or "land of the Angles". Other terms for England include "Blighty", from the Hindustani "bila yati" meaning "foreign"; "this Green and Pleasant Land", from William Blake 's poem Jerusalem Albion " was used by writers such as Pliny the Elder and Ptolemy in the 1st century, in reference to the white ( Latin : "alba") cliffs of Dover England In Detail Royal motto : Dieu et mon droit (God and my right) Official language None

77. White Revolution - Chapter5 angles, saxons and jutes landed and settled, fighting a into counter attacks againstthe Anglosaxons and defeated and the South West and the angles and saxons http://www.white.org.uk/chapter5.html

CHAPTER FIVE The Romans in Britain In 55BC and again in 54BC. Julius Caesar made two abortive landings in Britain. The fierce Celtic tribes of the South-East, riding their war chariots out into the sea repelled him. It was not until over 100 years later that the Romans, under the rule of Claudius managed to get a foothold into Britain and eventually conquer most of the island. Contrary to multi-racial teaching, the Romans at this time were a purely Aryan people. The original Romans had been part of another wave of Aryans who had pushed down into Italy and after overthrowing the Etruscans had established a city state which became one of the greatest empires the world has ever known. It was not until much later when the original Roman yeoman stock had been diluted by inter-breeding, that Rome became soft and flabby. The original Roman legions were made up of true Roman citizens, many of them farmers called to the colours in times of crisis. Later, Rome because of slavery and a lax policy of granting Roman citizenship to practically all the peoples within its jurisdiction that Rome became a multi-racial entity and therefore doomed to fall. However at the time of the Roman invasion of Britain, the Romans were a virile and healthy people, expanding as our forefathers always have, and conquering. After much fighting, especially the great revolt of the Iceni under their warrior queen, Boadecia, the Celts fell under the relatively mild Roman yoke, and Britain as far north as the Antonine Wall in Scotland, became Romanised. Beyond the wall, the Celtic Picts and Scottii retained their fierce independence.

78. About The Celts of the Saxon, angles, and jutes, the invasions Similarly, Cornwall is an AngloSaxonterm meaning stranger from rise of invasions by the saxons and, therefore http://www.shopbagend.com/celts/index.shtml

About The Celts Celtic Battersea Shield, from the Thames at Battersea, London, about the the time of the birth of Jesus of Nazareth (colorized) We get many questions about the Celts: How to pronounce Celtic ? Is it sehltic or is it kehltic ? What are the meanings of the knotwork patterns or the spiral designs? Many reference books will tell you what scholars know about the Celts. They will tell you that the Celts spoke a language of their own, of which Cornish, Welsh, Breton, Manx, Irish and Scottish Gaelic are the modern descendants of the original Celtic languages. They will tell you that the Celtic languages form two major groups, the Brythonic , or those found primarily in BritainCornish, Welsh, and Breton (the latter because of emigration across the English Channeland Gaelic those primarily found in Ireland and Scotland. The major difference, you will be told, is the pronunciation of certain letters, among them hard or soft Cs. Perhaps this is where the sehltic or is it kehltic issue comes from. The word

79. Regia Anglorum - The Saxons being a mixture of north Danish jutes, Franks and A classic image of the pagan Saxonwarrior. and Staffordshire; the Eastengle , East angles nominally Norfolk http://www.regia.org/Saxon1.htm

Who Were the Anglo-Saxons? Two very richly furnished invaders The evolution of Saxon and then Anglo-Saxon Britain and the demise of the British peoples is almost all due to a fairly unknown leader of only half of the Roman empire called 'Honorius'. Which is by way of saying that it was nearly all his fault. '449 In this year Mauricius and Valentinian obtained the Kingdom and reigned seven years. In their days Hengest and Horsa, invited by Vortigern, King of the Britons, came to Britain at a place called Ebbsfleet at first to help the Britons, but later they fought against them. The king ordered them to fight against the Picts, and so they did and had victory wherever they came. They then sent to Angeln (i.e. Denmark); ordered them to send them more aid and to be told of the worthlessness of the Britons and of the excellence of the land. They sent them more aid. These men came from three nations of Germany: from the Old Saxons, from the Angles, from the Jutes. From the Jutes came the people of Kent and the people of the Isle of Wight, that is the race which now dwells in the Isle of Wight, and the race among the West Saxons which is still called the race of the Jutes. From the Old Saxons came the East Saxons and South Saxons and West Saxons. From Angel, which has stood waste ever since between the Jutes and the Saxons, came the East Angles, Middle Angles, Mercians and all the Northumbrians.' Oiscingas on the Kentish royal household. A British king who may have been called Vortigern employed Germanic mercenaries to aid him and his local militias in his battles against the Picts who in reality may have been just another tribe and yet another British sub king. This was not the first instance of Germanic settlers in this country, as it is known that Germanic troops had been stationed in this country by the Romans since at least the third century.

80. AllRefer Encyclopedia - Great Britain : History : Early Period To The Norman Con As Rome withdrew its legions from britain, Germanic peoples the AngloSaxonsand the jutes began raids that turned into great waves of invasion and http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/G/GreatBri-history.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather SEARCH : in Reference June 06, 2004 You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia British And Irish Political Geography ... Great Britain By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z G Great Britain, British And Irish Political Geography Related Category: British And Irish Political Geography Until 1707, this section deals primarily with English history. England and Wales were formally united in 1536. In 1707, when Great Britain was created by the Act of Union between Scotland and England, English history became part of British history. For the early history of Scotland and Wales , see separate articles. See also Ireland Ireland, Northern ; and the tables entitled Rulers of England and Great Britain and Prime Ministers of Great Britain Early Period to the Norman Conquest Little is known about the earliest inhabitants of Britain, but the remains of their dolmens and barrows and the great stone circles at Stonehenge and Avebury are evidence of the developed culture of the prehistoric Britons. They had developed a Bronze Age culture by the time the first Celtic invaders (early 5th cent. B.C.

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