121. Paysage D'Algérie - Landscape Of Algeria Photographs of algerian provinces and cities. http://alg.web1000.com/

Mohammed Abbassa Arts University of Mostaganem Landscape of Algeria ALG Cartes histoire paysages images photos d'Algerie Wilaya Mostaganem Algeria Accueil Album Collection ... Contact English : This web site offers you a beautiful collection of pictures of the cities and the villages of Algeria, and a historic and geographical preview of every Algerian province. You can also find some useful information that may help you to know better this big country of North Africa. Thank you for your visit. Deutsch Cartes Codes Liens Scripts ... Free submission url

122. Algeria Encyclopedia : Maps - Weather - Travel - History - Economy - Government history. Main article history of Algeria The native Berber population of Algeria has been under the rule of foreign occupants for most of the last 3000 years. http://morocco.asinah.net/en/wikipedia/a/al/algeria_1.html

Hotel Reservations AmeriHost Aparthotel Barcelo ... [ SHOPPING ] morocco.asinah.net Encyclopedia Switch Language Encyclopedia worldwide This article could be outdated : Visit our new Table of Contents Main Page Edit this page Algeria The People's Democratic Republic of Algeria is a country in northern Africa bordering the Mediterranean Sea in the north, Tunisia in the northeast, Libya in the east, Niger in the southeast, Mali and Mauritania in the southwest, and Morocco in the west (the Moroccan border is closed (In Detail) National motto : None Official language Arabic Capital Algiers ... Area - Total - % water Ranked 11th Negligible Population - Total ( Density Ranked 34th Independence - Date From France July 5 Currency Algerian dinar Time zone UTC National anthem Kassaman ... Internet TLD .DZ Calling Code Table of contents 1 History 2 Politics 3 Provinces 4 Geography ... 9 External links History Main article: History of Algeria The native Berber population of Algeria has been under the rule of foreign occupants for most of the last 3000 years. The Phoenicians (1000 BC) and the Roman Republic (200 BC) were the most important of these, until the coming of the

123. CNN.com - Algerian Bus Crash Kills 22, Including 13 Children - August 12, 2000 CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/africa/08/12/algeria.bus.crash.ap/index.html

world africa Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web WORLD TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Gates pledges $100 million for AIDS Davos protesters face tear gas ... MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters face tear gas MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Algerian bus crash kills 22, including 13 children

124. Algeria -- History Algeria history. The present borders of Algeria (as well as those of Tunisia and Libya) were determined when the region became http://expedition.bensenville.lib.il.us/Africa/Algeria/history.htm

Algeria - History The present borders of Algeria (as well as those of Tunisia and Libya) were determined when the region became part of the Ottoman Empire, at which time each of the countries was an administrative subdivision ( vilayat ). The coming of the Ottomans led to the Spanish losing the coastal strip which they had previously held for several centuries. It subsequently became a pirate base for attacking European fleets. The French launched a military attack in 1830 and occupied part of the littoral which became the embryo for their subsequent North African colonial empire. Pressure for independence began from within the country in the early 1950s with the formation of the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN). The civil war which followed from the French reluctance to concede independence pitted the FLN, backed by the bulk of the population against the French military, the pieds noirs (French settlers) and their Arab supporters (known as harkis Front Islamique du Salut (FIS, Islamic Salvation Front) whose growing support has since changed the face of Algerian politics. In January 1992, the Government held a general election which resulted in a comprehensive victory for the FIS. However, the result was annulled immediately and a state of emergency was declared. Over the ensuing months, the military took complete control with the support and collaboration of a coterie of civil servants, military and intelligence officials, commonly known as '

125. 30 More Deaths Reported In Algerian Violence CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/africa/07/09/algeria.ap/index.html

126. INCORE Conflict Data Service Internet Country Guides Algeria of the Orient The encyclopaedia provides a wealth of information regarding Algeria s history and the political and religious situation in the country. http://www.incore.ulst.ac.uk/cds/countries/algeria.html

127. CNN.com - London-based Algerian Charged In Y2K Bomb Plot - July 16, 2001 CNN http://cnn.com/2001/LAW/07/16/millennium.terror/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe set your edition Languages Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW dictionary London-based Algerian charged in Y2K bomb plot Prosecutors say Ressam, seated, shown testifying in last month's trial against Mokhtar Haouari, called Abu Doha 11 days before his arrest. By Phil Hirschkorn CNN Producer NEW YORK (CNN) Federal prosecutors in the United States have charged an Algerian man identified in a just-completed trial and in court documents as a terrorist cell leader based in London. British police arrested the man, Haydar Abu Doha, 36, on a U.S. warrant charging him with conspiracy to use weapons of mass destruction for an alleged role backing the foiled plot to bomb Los Angeles International Airport around New Year's 2000. Attempted millennium bomber Ahmed Ressam the claimed lone executor of that plot has named Abu Doha as a gatekeeper to Islamic militant training camps in Afghanistan, where Ressam testified he underwent months of firearms and explosives training in 1998. MORE STORIES Training camp links millennium plot, embassy bombings

128. Algeria Independence France 1954-1962 Armed Conflict Events Data, algerian War of Independence 19541962. In Republic. The algerian departments are part of the French Republic. http://www.onwar.com/aced/data/alpha/algeria1954.htm

Armed Conflict Events Data Algerian War of Independence 1954-1962 As the FLN campaign spread through the countryside, many European farmers in the interior sold their holdings and sought refuge in Algiers, where their cry for sterner countermeasures swelled. Colon vigilante units, whose unauthorized activities were conducted with the passive cooperation of police authorities, carried out ratonnades (literally, rat-hunts; synonymous with Arab-killings) against suspected FLN members of the Muslim community. The colons demanded the proclamation of a state of emergency, the proscription of all groups advocating separation from France, and the imposition of capital punishment for politically motivated crimes. An important watershed in the War of Independence was the massacre of civilians by the FLN near the town of Philippeville in August 1955. Before this operation, FLN policy was to attack only military and government-related targets. The wilaya commander for the Constantine region, however, decided a drastic escalation was needed. The killing by the FLN and its supporters of 123 people, including old women and babies, shocked Jacques Soustelle, the French governor general, into calling for more repressive measures against the rebels. The government claimed it killed 1,273 guerrillas in retaliation; according to the FLN, 12,000 Muslims perished in an orgy of bloodletting by the armed forces and police, as well as colon gangs. After Philippeville, all-out war began in Algeria.

129. Columbus World Travel Guide - Africa - Algeria - History And Government World Travel Guide Algeria - history and Government - includes information on the constitution and politics. http://www.travel-guide.com/data/dza/dza580.asp

OAS_sitepage = URL + '/Africa/Algeria/HistoryandGovernment'; document.write('Research Algeria hotels at TripAdvisor'); Contact Addresses Overview General Information Passport/Visa ... Africa /Algeria ALGERIA History and Government History: The present borders of Algeria (as well as those of Tunisia and Libya) were determined when the region became part of the Ottoman Empire and each of the three countries became an administrative subdivision ( vilayat ). The coming of the Ottomans led to the Spanish losing the coastal strip that they previously had held for several centuries. It subsequently became a pirate base for attacking European fleets. The French launched a military attack in 1830, occupying part of the littoral, which became the embryo for their subsequent North African colonial empire. Pressure for independence began from within the country in the early 1950s, with the formation of the Front de Libération Nationale (FLN – National Liberation Front). The civil war that ensued from the French reluctance to concede independence pitted the FLN, backed by the bulk of the population, against the French military, the pieds noirs (French settlers) and their Arab supporters (known as harkis ). Even by the standards of the many wars of independence throughout that era, the Algerian one was characterised by particular brutality and is estimated to have led to one million casualties. Independence was finally conceded in 1962, with an FLN-controlled government under Ahmed Ben Bella. Ben Bella was subsequently deposed by the Minister of Defence, Houari Boumedienne, who ruled until his death in December 1978. Boumedienne’s replacement was an army commander, Chadli Bendjedid, reflecting the continuing strong influence of the military on Algerian politics. The orthodox Socialist policies initially adopted by the FLN were discarded from 1986 onwards with the revision of the National Charter to stress ‘pragmatic socialism’ – in part, this was a response to the rise of Islamic influence, especially among the urban poor.

130. CNN.com - Prosecutors: Algerian Planned Millennium Attack - March 13, 2001 CNN http://cnn.com/2001/LAW/03/13/millennium.bomber.trial.02/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Danish Japanese Korean Arabic Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW dictionary Prosecutors: Algerian planned millennium attack Ressam was arrested in Port Angeles, Washington, for allegedly trying to cross into the U.S. from Canada with a car full of bomb-making materials. From CNN Correspondent Frank Buckley LOS ANGELES, California (CNN) Prosecutors Tuesday said an Algerian national planned to bomb New Year's 2000 celebrations in the United States, but authorities foiled the plot in a "law enforcement success story." Assistant U.S. Attorney Steven Gonzalez outlined the government's case in opening statements against Ahmed Ressam, 33, who authorities say has ties to Osama bin Laden's terrorist network. Ressam has pleaded not guilty to terrorism, possession of explosives and other felony charges. He faces more than 100 years in prison if convicted on all charges. CASE FILE Shattered Diplomacy: The U.S. Embassy Bombings Trial

131. Algerian Gendarme Units Leave Turbulent Kabylie CNN http://cnn.com/2002/WORLD/africa/03/24/algeria.troops.reut/index.html

132. History Of The Flags Of Algeria Lucien Philippe Enciclopedia EuropeoAmericana Enciclopedie de l Islam Anuarios anuales 1975-1983 Various books on the history of Algeria, Morocco and Africa. http://flagspot.net/flags/dz_1847.html

History of the Flags of Algeria by Jaume Olle Last modified: by rob raeside Keywords: algeria Links: FOTW homepage search write us mirrors All information and images provided by Jaume Ollé , April 2000, unless otherwise indicated. French Colony In 1847 the movement of colonists from France began, increasing in 1848 with the arrival of Parisian laborers. French units had special flags. Charrie describes three of them in his book "Colors and Standards of the XIXth Century." Available information for the cavalry corps (chasseurs d'Afrique, spahis) is sparse. The standard of the 6th Squadron, 1st Corps of Chasseurs d'Afrique: A more complex flag or standard is described for the 5th Chasseurs d'Afrique, which is preserved in the hall of honor of that corps. The 1st Squadron, 3rd Regiment of Spahis, used a blue flag (the color of the corps) with a yellow border. by Ivan Sache The command flags of the army had their birth in Africa. They were established in the following form by General Bugeaud on 9 April 1837. 1st Brigade 2nd Brigade 3rd Brigade by Ivan Sache Commander in Chief by Ivan Sache Ambulance by Ivan Sache In 1848, General Pelissier took over the government (1848-54). He used a flag of the French colors, with the inscription (in Arabic), "Peace to those who submitthe sand [sable] for the unsubmissive." (Flaggenmitteilung 25)

133. Algerian President Breaks Silence, Threatens Insurgents CNN http://cnn.com/2001/WORLD/africa/01/11/algeria.president.ap/index.html

134. Oxfam's Cool Planet - On The Line - Virtual Journey Through Algeria, History, Co On the Line Virtual journey through Algeria, history, conflict, printable version. history. conflict. For more http://www.oxfam.org.uk/coolplanet/ontheline/explore/journey/algeria/prtconf.htm

conflict In the first week of the new millennium, the armed wing of the Islamic Salvation Front called a truce. Killings and bombings have continued in Algiers and other Algerian cities, but it is not clear who is behind these acts. Many Algerians blame rogue elements within either Islamic or anti-Islamic groups, while others blame organised criminals posing as political militants. Algerian history page Algerian conflict page Algerian virtual journey home page On the Line home page sv=13;

135. Paris Honors Victims Of 1961 Algerian Massacre CNN http://cnn.com/2001/WORLD/africa/10/17/france.algeria.ap/index.html

136. Algerian Police Block Berbers From Entering Capital, Thwart Protest CNN http://cnn.com/2001/WORLD/africa/08/08/algeria.protest.ap/index.html

137. ArabO Algeria History - ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÌÒÇÆÑ Translate this page Arabic Home. International. Algeria history - ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÌÒÇÆÑ. http://www.arabo.com/links/,199,225,204,210,199,198,209/,202,199,209,237,206/

International Algeria History - ÊÇÑíÎ ÇáÌÒÇÆÑ Arabic English ÊÇÑíÎ Here ÇáãæÞÚ Site Landscape of Algeria ãäÙÑ ÇáÌÒÇÆÑ Collection of photos and old postcards of Algerian cities over 1900. http://www.alg.web1000.com/ More Information and Services Histoire de l'Algérie http://www.el-mouradia.dz/francais/algerie/histoire/histoire.htm More Information and Services abdelkader.bechi http://monsite.wanadoo.fr/abdelkader.bechi/ More Information and Services INA: La guerre d'Algérie LANG=fr La guerre d'AlgŽrie ˆ la tŽlŽvision franaise. Voir et Revoir : l'INA propose, ˆ travers les ActualitŽs Franaises de l'Žpoque, de dŽcouvrir ou de redŽcouvrir l'attitude des medias franais face ˆ cette guerre qui, longtemps, n'a pas dit son nom. http://www.ina.fr/voir_revoir/algerie/ More Information and Services JFK - Le mystère reste entier ... - Redirect by ulimit.com http://www.jfk.ht.st/ More Information and Services L'HISTOIRE DE L'ALGERIE L'histoire de l'Algérie á travers les siècles, de la préhistoire á l'avénement de l'Islam, en passant par les Romains et les Vandales. http://www.chez.com/merlinus/algerie/

138. University Of Arkansas Anthropology: Faculty - Ted Swedenburg Anthropologist whose research includes Francoalgerian Rai music and the popular music of Nubians in Egypt. University of Arkansas. http://www.uark.edu/depts/anthinfo/swedenburg.htm

image1=new Image(110,120) image1.src="graphics/rocklogo-txt.gif" University of Arkansas Department of Anthropology Main Menu Home Undergraduate Studies Graduate ... Events Faculty Full-time Part-time Professor Ted Swedenburg Dr. Swedenburg received his Ph.D. in cultural anthropology from the University of Texas in 1988. His dissertation, a study of popular memories of the 1936-39 revolt in Palestine, involved interviewing elderly peasants living in Palestinian villages in the Galilee and the West Bank. He taught at the University of Washington -Seattle between 1988 and 1991, and at the American University in Cairo from 1992 to 1996. He joined the University of Arkansas in 1996. Dr. Swedenburg's recent research focuses on popular music. He is currently working on a book manuscript, tentatively entitled SOUNDS FROM THE INTERZONE, that deals with "border" musics of the Middle East as well as Middle Eastern-inflected musics of the West. He has done research and presented papers on Franco-Algerian rai music, "Islamic" African-American rap, and Mizrahi dance music in Israel. His most recent fieldwork has been on the popular music of Nubians in Egypt. Dr. Swedenburg teaches courses on the Middle East, race and ethnicity, gender, and public culture. He is on the editorial committee of MIDDLE EAST REPORT, and is actively involved with the Middle East Studies Program in the Fulbright College of Arts and Sciences.

139. Algeria - History Algeria is inhabited predominantly by Muslim Arabs but it has a large Berber minority. The most significant forces in the country s history have been the http://countrystudies.us/algeria/3.htm

History Algeria Table of Contents MODERN-DAY ALGERIA is a leading member state of the Arab Maghrib, the term applied to the western part of Arab North Africa. Algeria is inhabited predominantly by Muslim Arabs but it has a large Berber minority. The most significant forces in the country's history have been the spread of Islam, arabization, colonization, and the struggle for independence. North Africa served as a transit region for peoples moving toward Europe or the Middle East. Thus, the region's inhabitants have been influenced by populations from other areas. Out of this mix developed the Berber people, whose language and culture, although pushed from coastal areas by conquering and colonizing Carthaginians, Romans, and Byzantines, dominated most of the land until the spread of Islam and the coming of the Arabs. The introduction of Islam and Arabic had a profound impact on North Africa (or the Maghrib) beginning in the seventh century. The new religion and language introduced changes in social and economic relations, established links with a rich culture, and provided a powerful idiom of political discourse and organization. From the great Berber dynasties of the Almoravids and Almohads to the militants seeking an Islamic state in the early 1990s, the call to return to true Islamic values and practices has had social resonance and political power. For 300 years, beginning in the early sixteenth century, Algeria was a province of the Ottoman Empire under a regency that had Algiers as its capital. During this period, the modern Algerian state began to emerge as a distinct territory between Tunisia and Morocco.

140. Page Not Found Recipes for Bourek (BeefStuffed Pastry Rolls) and Lahm Lhalou (Sweet Meat). http://goodfood.hypermart.net/algeria_category.html

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