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  1. Sir Walter Raleigh: Being a True and Vivid Account of the Life and Times of the Explorer, Soldier, Scholar, Poet, and Courtier--The Controversial Hero of the Elizabethan Age by Raleigh Trevelyan, 2004-10-01

81. Christian Essays On The Web !!!
time English influence expanded tremendously world exploration took place The agehe lived in was full of Like most elizabethans the Bible was, for him, just
http://christianessays.freeservers.com/shakespeare.htm
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Was Shakespeare a Christian? By Richard Gunther Shakespeare's early life and influences. It has long interested me as to where Shakespeare stood regarding the Christian faith. It seems reasonable that, if he had a particular view of Christianity, he would tend to express it somewhere - perhaps in his writings? If, for example, he was a Catholic, he might insert into one of his plays something about Mary, or the Mass, or the Pope. If he was a nihilist, he might 'let it slip' that he not see any point to life; if he was a transcendentalist, he might consider the unseen world as the true reality; and if he was a humanist he might see natural justice and injustice in this life only, as the sum total of human existence. But, as far as I know, in all 37 of his plays and in all his sonnets and other works, there is not a single clear statement either way. This actually tells us a lot. The very fact that he says nothing, tells us that he probably had no deeply held convictions either for or against the Christian faith. This may be a premature assessment, so before we decide things too soon, let us look briefly at the influences on Shakespeare's life from his childhood up.

82. »»Books: Art Criticism««
elizabethans were often competent musicians, and many of their Today we live in anage when composers are no has blessed us with a thorough exploration of the
http://www.e-book-store.com/Art_Architecture_Photography/Art_Criticism/Art_Criti
Book Categories:
More Pages: Art Criticism Page 1 Books for "Art Criticism" Joseph Cornell: Master of Dreams Made by Harry N. Abrams Average review score: An Excellent Primer On Cornell and His Work Finally, a beautiful, comprehensive book about Joseph Cornell and his work. Diane Waldman knew Cornell intimately ever since she was an art student (and through doing gallery shows for him), and this affinity shows; this is ultimately a book of love and tribute to a friend. The biographical material is excellent. Most fascinating segments deal with Cornell's stranger sides, such as when at his brother Robert's funeral, Joseph put a sheet over his head and laughed, creeping everyone out, and explained it was only a side joke that Robert would have understood. Cornell was terribly timid in front of women (particularly the ones he fancied) and had a complete dependence on his mother (he died months after she did). Waldman probes these and other significant personal issues (such as his association with Surrealism, and how the younger artists that have passed through him have influenced his work) and examines how they factored in Cornell's art. The book is generous with illustrations - Waldman supports her points with not only Cornell's work, but with other artists that were influential to him. However, it is the lonely and telling poetry of Cornell's work that is the heart of this book. The boxes that Waldman chooses to include are presented intelligently, and beautifully. The innocence and nostalgia of each box is lovingly portrayed. The Medici series - Cornell's especially heartbreakingly beautiful and mysteriously passionate work - is presented perfectly by Waldman with thoughtful commentary and context, capturing in full its yearning and ardor. Waldman has given us a book that speaks eloquently about why Cornell is an artists people will remember for generations hereafter.

83. Theology Today - Vol 39, No. 1 - April 1982 - ARTICLE - Prince Hamlet And The Pr
In the Elizabethan age, in somewhat the same way son s response to it, so that Elizabethanswould have A full exploration of the ethical problems and related
http://theologytoday.ptsem.edu/apr1982/v39-1-article3.htm
27 - Prince Hamlet and the Protestant Confessional Prince Hamlet and the Protestant Confessional
By Roland Mushat Frye Shakespeare's dramatization of Hamlet's verbal assault upon his guilty mother, and his efforts to bring her to repentance, are a fine example of how the 'priesthood of all believers' was expected to operate at the end of the first Protestant century. Elizabethan audiences would have agreed with Hamlet's own assessment of his behavior, that he was being "cruel only to be kind." This muchmisunderstood scene is thus, in addition to its poetic and dramatic greatness, interesting for the insight it provides into the "patoral" psychology recommended for the laity by leaders of the English Reformation. Hamlet's jeremiad against his mother during their private interview at the end of the third act of the tragedy has seemed intensely puzzling and even distasteful to many modern audiences and readers. Upbraiding Gertrude in the strongest terms, the Prince struggles to bring her to a recognition of her sin and to repentance. This scene is one of the most theologically interesting and significant in our literature, yet its point is usually missed. Today, when we have a far more restricted sense of incest than was current in Shakespeare's time, and also with a weakening of the Christian doctrine of repentance and of the Reformation's emphasis on the "priestly" duties of the laity, we may be more perplexed than enlightened by Shakespeare's dramatized encounter between mother and son.

84. Lost Books: 102 - MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE HISTORY
Burton, Elizabeth, The elizabethans at Home. Huizinga, Johan, Erasmus and the Ageof Reformation. History of the World, Volume 8, Reformation and exploration.
http://www.lostbooks.net/cgi-bin/lbn455/scan/mp=keywords/se=102 - MEDIEVAL AND R
Browse by category 100 - PREHISTORY 101 - ANCIENT AND DARK AGE HISTORY 102 - MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE HISTORY 103 - THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 104 - THE ENGLISH CIVIL WAR 105 - THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 107 - THE AMERICAN CIVIL WAR 110 - THE FIRST WORLD WAR 111 - WW2: WESTERN EUROPE 112 - WW2: EASTERN FRONT 113 - WW2: NORTH AFRICA AND THE MIDDLE EAST 115 - WW2: THE FAR EAST AND PACIFIC THEATRES 116 - WW2: HOME FRONT 118 - WW2: AIRCRAFT AND AERIAL WARFARE 119 - WW2: NAVAL WARFARE AND SHIPS 121 - WW2: LAND, ARMOURED AND AIRBORNE WARFARE 122 - WW2: BIOGRAPHIES AND MEMOIRS 124 - WW2: THE SS 125 - WW2: ESPIONAGE, SOE, RESISTANCE AND POWS 126 - WW2: UNIFORMS, INSIGNIA AND MEDALS 127 - WW2: UNIT HISTORIES 128 - CHURCHILL, WINSTON S 129 - POST SECOND WORLD WAR 130 - VIETNAM WARS 131 - THE FALKLANDS WAR 133 - GENERAL HISTORY 134 - AIRCRAFT 135 - AERIAL WARFARE 136 - RAF (ROYAL AIR FORCE 137 - NAVAL WARFARE AND WARSHIPS 139 - ROYAL NAVY 141 - LAND WARFARE, INC. ARMOURED AND AIRBORNE 142 - BRITISH ARMY 145 - ELITE AND SPECIAL FORCES 146 - REGIMENTAL AND UNIT HISTORIES 147 - UNIFORMS, INSIGNIA, MEDALS, AND HERALDRY

85. Didaskalia - Journal
was well known to the Greeks and elizabethans, though it between two Ice Ages or theage of a a normal tidy exposition, but in long exploration and experiment
http://didaskalia.open.ac.uk/issues/vol5no2/barton.html

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Journal Volume 6
Issue 1 Volume 5
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Issue 1
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Issue 1
TANTALUS John Barton in Conversation with Michael Kustow and Everyone Present King's College London, 18 May 2001 MK (Michael Kustow): Well, how to even begin, John, to pull together all of the things we've heard today? How to match up to nearly twenty years of your thinking about the Greeks and this story and working on it? I've been on it a mere five years with you, and this is a pretty emotional moment, I think, for everybody: tomorrow is the end of what started twenty years ago. Tomorrow is the last ever performance of this production of John's play, and I suspect the last performance, dear John, in your lifetime of this text. So this is a very key moment. (And I'm really grateful to you, Judith, for allowing us to have this moment.) I want to talk theatre facts as much as I can. John, the title of this session is: 'What is Tantalus about?' I'll tell you what I think it's about, and then you can disagree. I think it's about your attempt to mix myth and history. Myth versus history, as the great Greek historians Herodotus and Thucydides almost always talked about. But also where myth and history are both the truth. I think that's partly what it's about.

86. Actions, Forms, Techniques Fall Winter 2003
reality he or she inhabits, and the exploration of multiple In the Elizabethan ageand later, the rigid social he goes on to postulate that elizabethans had a
http://english.actions.ucr.edu/jimenez/
english department uc riverside editorial [forms] vol. 1 no.1 back issue s search the journal *Digital Divides, Digital Domains: Negotiating the Boundaries contributors, fall_winter03: On the Rehabilitating Possibilities of
M UDs and Cyber- Communities Alfonso Jimenez introduction It is a fact that a number of writers have found their life callings in the powerful pull of J.R.R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings , namely, Terry Brooks, Robert Jordan, and Piers Anthony. The writing these authors do is a manifestation of their sentimental longing for Tolkien's sweeping landscape, as well as an extension of their connection with the work. Though the works of these other individuals add to the discourse of elegiac fantasy, and can be said to be comparable to one another and The Lord of the Rings on an intertextual basis, the desire to actively participate in Tolkien's world can never be fulfilled using this approach. The attempt to interact with the fantasy world is prevented by the fantasy's lack of interactivity. Only recently has there been a more satisfying attempt to unite the subject with fantasy.
This reconciliation has been actualized in the form of on-line, role-playing computer games. Adventure MUDs, multi-user domains focused on high fantasy, allow the role of a passive reader to be translated into the role of an active player, thereby satisfying, at least partly, the nostalgia induced by the persistent memory of Tolkien's transient Middle-earth. But in the wake of the highly technologized gaming industry, significant questions have arisen regarding the impact and social consequences cyber communities have had on real life human relationships. What is it about Tolkien's idyllic world (or for that matter, those fictional worlds which owe their collective existence to the common mythopoeic structures of the ancient allegories and histories of Western literature) that draws us to it in a way that reality cannot?

87. Renaissance Reading List
elizabethans at Home London. JH Parry, The age of Reconnaissance (1963) 1982 G80.P36 Explorationand Colonization from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic, 1229
http://faculty.fullerton.edu/gbrunelle/425Alist.htm
BIBLIOGRAPHY, BRUNELLE, 425A, FALL, 2002 Bottom Homepage
GENERAL De Lamar Jensen, Renaissance Europe , (Lexington, MA, 1981) Wallace K. Ferguson, Europe in Transition, 1300-1520 The Renaissance in Historical Thought , (1948) CB 361 F37r The New Cambridge Modern History (1957-1958), vols. I, II.. The Renaissance Concordia, 1980 Roberto Weiss, The Dawn of Humanism in Italy (London, 1947) THE ECONOMY OF RENAISSANCE EUROPE Lisa Jardine, Worldly goods: a new history of the Renaissance (New York: Nan A. Talese, 1996) CB361.J35 1996 Harry A. Miskimin, The Economy of Early Renaissance Europe, 1300-1460 The Economy of Later Renaissance Europe, 1460-1600. 1977, Cambridge UP, HC 240 .M64 Anthony Molho, ed. Social and Economic Foundations of the Italian Renaissance , (1969) HJ 1174 .M65 Kenneth Fowler, The Age of the Plantagenet and Valois Philip Ziegler, The Black Death , (1969) Harper and Row, pap., 1971, RC 171 Z55 1971 Ann Carmichael, Plague and the poor in Renaissance Florence , (Cambridge UP, 1986) RC172.C37 1986 David Herlihy

88. The Golden Age Grahame
The Golden age by Grahame etexts ebooks The Golden age By Kenneth Grahame "'T IS OPPORTUNE TO At a very early age I remember realising in a to us, his mature age and eminent position could scarce
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The Golden Age
Kenneth Grahame
The Golden Age/Kenneth Grahame forum and chat at http://jollyroger.com/zd/TheGoldenAgeGKforum/shakespeare1.html
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Check out more classical forums at http://jollyroger.com/renaissance

89. The Golden Age By Grahame : Arthur's Classic Novels
***The Project Gutenberg Etext of The Golden age, by Grahame*** Please take a look at the important information in this header. We encourage you to keep this file on your own disk, keeping an electronic path open for the next readers.
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This is a XHTML document prepared for Project Gutenberg and the HTML Writers Guild. This etext was scanned and prepared by hundreds of volunteers. XHTML markup by Arthur Wendover. Aug 30, 2000. (See source file for details.) This is the etext version of the book The Golden Age, by Grahame, taken from the original etext gldna10.txt. Arthur's Classic Novels
The Golden Age
by Kenneth Grahame
"'T Is Opportune To Look Back Upon Old Times, And
Contemplate Our Forefathers. Great Examples Grow
Thin, And To Be Fetched From The Passed World.
Simplicity Flies Away, And Iniquity Comes At Long
Strides Upon Us.
Sir Thomas Browne Contents
PrologueThe Olympians
A Holiday
A White-Washed Uncle
Alarums And Excursions
The Finding Of The Princess Sawdust And Sin "Young Adam Cupid" The Burglars A Harvesting Snowbound What They Talked About The Argonauts The Roman Road The Secret Drawer "Exit Tyrannus"

90. The Golden Age By Kenneth Grahame
The Golden age. by Kenneth Grahame. Hypertext At a very early age I remember realising in a big game that, as it seemed to us, his mature age and eminent
http://authorsdirectory.com/b/gldna10.htm
The Golden Age
by Kenneth Grahame
Hypertext Meanings and Commentaries
from the Encyclopedia of the Self
by Mark Zimmerman
The Golden Age By
Kenneth Grahame "'T IS OPPORTUNE TO LOOK BACK UPON OLD TIMES, AND
CONTEMPLATE OUR FOREFATHERS. GREAT EXAMPLES GROW
THIN, AND TO BE FETCHED FROM THE PASSED WORLD.
SIMPLICITY FLIES AWAY, AND INIQUITY COMES AT LONG
STRIDES UPON US. SIR THOMAS BROWNE Contents PROLOGUETHE OLYMPIANS
A HOLIDAY A WHITE-WASHED UNCLE ALARUMS AND EXCURSIONS THE FINDING OF THE PRINCESS SAWDUST AND SIN "YOUNG ADAM CUPID" THE BURGLARS A HARVESTING SNOWBOUND WHAT THEY TALKED ABOUT THE ARGONAUTS THE ROMAN ROAD THE SECRET DRAWER "EXIT TYRANNUS" THE BLUE ROOM A FALLING OUT "LUSISTI SATIS" PROLOGUE: THE OLYMPIANS Looking back to those days of old, ere the gate shut behind me, I can see now that to children with a proper equipment of parents these things would have worn a different aspect. But to those whose nearest were aunts and uncles, a special attitude of mind may be allowed. They treated us, indeed, with kindness enough as to the needs of the flesh, but after that with indifference (an

91. The Golden Age
***The Project Gutenberg Etext of The Golden age, by Grahame*** Please take a look at the important information in this header. We encourage you to keep this file on your own disk, keeping an electronic path open for the next readers.
http://sailor.gutenberg.org/etext95/gldna10.txt
SNOWBOUND Twelfth-night had come and gone, and life next morning seemed a trifle flat and purposeless. But yester-eve and the mummers were here! They had come striding into the old kitchen, powdering the red brick floor with snow from their barbaric bedizenments; and stamping, and crossing, and declaiming, till all was whirl and riot and shout. Harold was frankly afraid: unabashed, he buried himself in the cook's ample bosom. Edward feigned a manly superiority to illusion, and greeted these awful apparitions familiarly, as Dick and Harry and Joe. As for me, I was too big to run, too rapt to resist the magic and surprise. Whence came these outlanders, breaking in on us with song and ordered masque and a terrible clashing of wooden swords? And after these, what strange visitants might we not look for any quiet night, when the chestnuts popped in the ashes, and the old ghost stories drew the awe-stricken circle close? Old Merlin, perhaps, "all furred in black sheep-skins, and a russet gown, with a bow and arrows, and bearing wild geese in his hand!" Or stately Ogier the Dane, recalled from Faery, asking his way to the land that once had need of him! Or even, on some white night, the Snow- Queen herself, with a chime of sleigh-bells and the patter of reindeers' feet, with sudden halt at the door flung wide, while aloft the Northern Lights went shaking attendant spears among the quiet stars! This morning, house-bound by the relentless, indefatigable snow, I was feeling the reaction Edward, on the contrary, being violently stage struck on this his first introduction to the real Drama, was striding up and down the floor, proclaiming "Here be I, King Gearge the Third," in a strong Berkshire accent. Harold, accustomed, as the youngest, to lonely antics and to sports that asked no sympathy, was absorbed in "clubmen": a performance consisting in a measured progress round the room arm-in-arm with an imaginary companion of reverend years, with occasional halts at imaginary clubs, whereimaginary steps being leisurely ascendedimaginary papers were glanced at, imaginary scandal was discussed with elderly shakings of the head, andregrettable to sayimaginary glasses were lifted lipwards. Heaven only knows how the germ of this dreary pastime first found way into his small-boyish being. It was his own invention, and he was proportionately proud of it. Meanwhile, Charlotte and I, crouched in the window-seat, watched, spell-stricken, the whirl and eddy and drive of the innumerable snow-flakes, wrapping our cheery little world in an uncanny uniform, ghastly in line and hue. Charlotte was sadly out of spirits. Having "countered" Miss Smedley at breakfast, during some argument or other, by an apt quotation from her favourite classic (the Fairy Book) she had been gently but firmly informed that no such things as fairies ever really existed. "Do you mean to say it's all lies?" asked Charlotte, bluntly. Miss Smedley deprecated the use of any such unladylike words in any connection at all. "These stories had their origin, my dear," she explained, "in a mistaken anthropomorphism in the interpretation of nature. But though we are now too well informed to fall into similar errors, there are still many beautiful lessons to be learned from these myths" "But how can you learn anything," persisted Charlotte, "from what doesn't exist?" And she left the table defiant, howbeit depressed. "Don't you mind HER," I said, consolingly; "how can she know anything about it? Why, she can't even throw a stone properly!" "Edward says they're all rot, too," replied Charlotte, doubtfully. Edward says everything's rot," I explained, "now he thinks he's going into the Army. If a thing's in a book it MUST be true, so that settles it!" Charlotte looked almost reassured. The room was quieter now, for Edward had got the dragon down and was boring holes in him with a purring sound Harold was ascending the steps of the Athenaeum with a jaunty airsuggestive rather of the Junior Carlton. Outside, the tall elm-tops were hardly to be seen through the feathery storm. "The sky's a-falling," quoted Charlotte, softly; "I must go and tell the king." The quotation suggested a fairy story, and I offered to read to her, reaching out for the book. But the Wee Folk were under a cloud; sceptical hints had embittered the chalice. So I was fain to fetch Arthursecond favourite with Charlotte for his dames riding errant, and an easy first with us boys for his spear-splintering crash of tourney and hurtle against hopeless odds. Here again, however, I proved unfortunate,what ill-luck made the book open at the sorrowful history of Balin and Balan? "And he vanished anon," I read: "and so he heard an horne blow, as it had been the death of a beast. `That blast,' said Balin, `is blowen for me, for I am the prize, and yet am I not dead.'" Charlotte began to cry: she knew the rest too well. I shut the book in despair. Harold emerged from behind the arm-chair. He was sucking his thumb (a thing which members of the Reform are seldom seen to do), and he stared wide- eyed at his tear stained sister. Edward put off his histrionics, and rushed up to her as the consolera new part for him. "I know a jolly story," he began. "Aunt Eliza told it me. It was when she was somewhere over in that beastly abroad"(he had once spent a black month of misery at Dinan)"and there was a fellow there who had got two storks. And one stork diedit was the she-stork." ("What did it die of?" put in Harold.) "And the other stork was quite sorry, and moped, and went on, and got very miserable. So they looked about and found a duck, and introduced it to the stork. The duck was a drake, but the stork didn't mind, and they loved each other and were as jolly as could be. By and by another duck came along,a real she-duck this time,and when the drake saw her he fell in love, and left the stork, and went and proposed to the duck: for she was very beautiful. But the poor stork who was left, he said nothing at all to anybody, but just pined and pined and pined away, till one morning he was found quite dead! But the ducks lived happily ever afterwards!" This was Edward's idea of a jolly story! Down again went the corners of poor Charlotte's mouth. Really Edward's stupid inability to see the real point in anything was TOO annoying! It was always so. Years before, it being necessary to prepare his youthful mind for a domestic event that might lead to awkward questionings at a time when there was little leisure to invent appropriate answers, it was delicately inquired of him whether he would like to have a little brother, or perhaps a little sister? He considered the matter carefully in all its bearings, and finally declared for a Newfoundland pup. Any boy more "gleg at the uptak" would have met his parents half-way, and eased their burden. As it was, the matter had to be approached all over again from a fresh standpoint. And now, while Charlotte turned away sniffingly, with a hiccough that told of an overwrought soul, Edward, unconscious (like Sir Isaac's Diamond) of the mischief he had done, wheeled round on Harold with a shout. "I want a live dragon," he announced: "you've got to be my dragon!" "Leave me go, will you?" squealed Harold, struggling stoutly. "I'm playin' at something else. How can I be a dragon and belong to all the clubs?" "But wouldn't you like to be a nice scaly dragon, all green," said Edward, trying persuasion, "with a curly tail and red eyes, and breathing real smoke and fire?" Harold wavered an instant: Pall-Mall was still strong in him. The next he was grovelling on the floor. No saurian ever swung a tail so scaly and so curly as his. Clubland was a thousand years away. With horrific pants he emitted smokiest smoke and fiercest fire. "Now I want a Princess," cried Edward, clutching Charlotte ecstatically; "and YOU can be the doctor, and heal me from the dragon's deadly wound." Of all professions I held the sacred art of healing in worst horror and contempt. Cataclysmal memories of purge and draught crowded thick on me, and with Charlottewho courted no barren honoursI made a break for the door. Edward did likewise, and the hostile forces clashed together on the mat, and for a brief space things were mixed and chaotic and Arthurian. The silvery sound of the luncheon-bell restored an instant peace, even in the teeth of clenched antagonisms like ours. The Holy Grail itself, "sliding athwart a sunbeam," never so effectually stilled a riot of warring passions into sweet and quiet accord. WHAT THEY TALKED ABOUT Edward was standing ginger-beer like a gentleman, happening, as the one that had last passed under the dentist's hands, to be the capitalist of the flying hour. As in all well-regulated families, the usual tariff obtained in ours,half-a-crown a tooth; one shilling only if the molar were a loose one. This one, unfortunatelyin spite of Edward's interested affectation of agonyhad been shaky undisguised; but the event was good enough to run to ginger-beer. As financier, however, Edward had claimed exemption from any servile duties of procurement, and had swaggered about the garden while I fetched from the village post- office, and Harold stole a tumbler from the pantry. Our preparations complete, we were sprawling on the lawn; the staidest and most self respecting of the rabbits had been let loose to grace the feast, and was lopping demurely about the grass, selecting the juiciest plantains; while Selina, as the eldest lady present, was toying, in her affected feminine way, with the first full tumbler, daintily fishing for bits of broken cork. "Hurry up, can't you?" growled our host; "what are you girls always so beastly particular for?" "Martha says," explained Harold (thirsty too, but still just), "that if you swallow a bit of cork, it swells, and it swells, and it swells inside you, till you" "O bosh!" said Edward, draining the glass with a fine pretence of indifference to consequences, but all the same (as I noticed) dodging the floating cork-fragments with skill and judgment. "O, it's all very well to say bosh," replied Harold, nettled; "but every one knows it's true but you. Why, when Uncle Thomas was here last, and they got up a bottle of wine for him, he took just one tiny sip out of his glass, and then he said, `Poo, my goodness, that's corked!' And he wouldn't touch it. And they had to get a fresh bottle up. The funny part was, though, I looked in his glass afterwards, when it was brought out into the passage, and there wasn't any cork in it at all! So I drank it all off, and it was very good!" "You'd better be careful, young man!" said his elder brother, regarding him severely. "D' you remember that night when the Mummers were here, and they had mulled port, and you went round and emptied all the glasses after they had gone away?" "Ow! I did feel funny that night," chuckled Harold. "Thought the house was comin' down, it jumped about so; and Martha had to carry me up to bed, 'cos the stairs was goin' all waggity!" We gazed searchingly at our graceless junior; but it was clear that he viewed the matter in the light of a phenomenon rather than of a delinquency. A third bottle was by this time circling; and Selina, who had evidently waited for it to reach her, took a most unfairly long pull, and then jumping up and shaking out her frock, announced that she was going for a walk. Then she fled like a hare; for it was the custom of our Family to meet with physical coercion any independence of action in individuals. "She's off with those Vicarage girls again," said Edward, regarding Selina's long black legs twinkling down the path. "She goes out with them every day now; and as soon as ever they start, all their heads go together and they chatter, chatter, chatter the whole blessed time! I can't make out what they find to talk about. They never stop; it's gabble, gabble, gabble right along, like a nest of young rooks!" "P'raps they talk about birds'-eggs," I suggested sleepily (the sun was hot, the turf soft, the ginger-beer potent); "and about ships, and buffaloes, and desert islands; and why rabbits have white tails; and whether they'd sooner have a schooner or a cutter; and what they'll be when they're menat least, I mean there's lots of things to talk about, if you WANT to talk." "Yes; but they don't talk about those sort of things at all," persisted Edward. "How CAN they? They don't KNOW anything; they can't DO anythingexcept play the piano, and nobody would want to talk about THAT; and they don't care about anythinganything sensible, I mean. So what DO they talk about?" "I asked Martha once," put in Harold; "and she said, `Never YOU mind; young ladies has lots of things to talk about that young gentlemen can't understand.'" "I don't believe it," Edward growled. "Well, that's what she SAID, anyway," rejoined Harold, indifferently. The subject did not seem to him of first-class importance, and it was hindering the circulation of the ginger- beer. We heard the click of the front-gate. Through a gap in the hedge we could see the party setting off down the road. Selina was in the middle: a Vicarage girl had her by either arm; their heads were together, as Edward had described; and the clack of their tongues came down the breeze like the busy pipe of starlings on a bright March morning. "What DO they talk about, Charlotte?" I inquired, wishing to pacify Edward. "You go out with them sometimes." "I don't know," said poor Charlotte, dolefully. "They make me walk behind, 'cos they say I'm too little, and mustn't hear. And I DO want to so," she added. "When any lady comes to see Aunt Eliza," said Harold, "they both talk at once all the time. And yet each of 'em seems to hear what the other one's saying. I can't make out how they do it. Grown-up people are so clever!" "The Curate's the funniest man," I remarked. "He's always saying things that have no sense in them at all, and then laughing at them as if they were jokes. Yesterday, when they asked him if he'd have some more tea he said `Once more unto the breach, dear friends, once more,' and then sniggered all over. I didn't see anything funny in that. And then somebody asked him about his button-hole and he said `'Tis but a little faded flower,' and exploded again. I thought it very stupid." "O HIM," said Edward contemptuously: "he can't help it, you know; it's a sort of way he's got. But it's these girls I can't make out. If they've anything really sensible to talk about, how is it nobody knows what it is? And if they haven'tand we know they CAN'T have, naturallywhy don't they shut up their jaw? This old rabbit hereHE doesn't want to talk. He's got something better to do." And Edward aimed a ginger-beer cork at the unruffled beast, who never budged. "O but rabbits DO talk," interposed Harold. "I've watched them often in their hutch. They put their heads together and their noses go up and down, just like Selina's and the Vicarage girls'. Only of course I can t hear what they're saying." "Well, if they do," said Edward, unwillingly, "I'll bet they don't talk such rot as those girls do!"which was ungenerous, as well as unfair; for it had not yet transpirednor has it to this dayWHAT Selina and her friends talked about. THE ARGONAUTS The advent of strangers, of whatever sort, into our circle, had always been a matter of grave dubiety and suspicion; indeed, it was generally a signal for retreat into caves and fastnesses of the earth, into unthreaded copses or remote outlying cowsheds, whence we were only to be extricated by wily nursemaids, rendered familiar by experience with our secret runs and refuges. It was not surprising therefore that the heroes of classic legend, when first we made their acquaintance, failed to win our entire sympathy at once. "Confidence," says somebody, "is a plant of slow growth;" and these stately dark-haired demi-gods, with names hard to master and strange accoutrements, had to win a citadel already strongly garrisoned with a more familiar soldiery. Their chill foreign goddesses had no such direct appeal for us as the mocking malicious fairies and witches of the North; we missed the pleasant alliance of the animalthe fox who spread the bushiest of tails to convey us to the enchanted castle, the frog in the well, the raven who croaked advice from the tree; andto Harold especiallyit seemed entirely wrong that the hero should ever be other than the youngest brother of three. This belief, indeed, in the special fortune that ever awaited the youngest brother, as such,the "Borough-English" of Faery,had been of baleful effect on Harold, producing a certain self-conceit and perkiness that called for physical correction. But even in our admonishment we were on his side; and as we distrustfully eyed these new arrivals, old Saturn himself seemed something of a parvenu. Even strangers, however, if they be good fellows at heart, may develop into sworn comrades; and these gay swordsmen, after all, were of the right stuff. Perseus, with his cap of darkness and his wonderful sandals, was not long in winging his way to our hearts; Apollo knocked at Admetus' gate in something of the right fairy fashion; Psyche brought with her an orthodox palace of magic, as well as helpful birds and friendly ants. Ulysses, with his captivating shifts and strategies, broke down the final barrier, and hence forth the band was adopted and admitted into our freemasonry. I had been engaged in chasing Farmer Larkin's calveshis special prideround the field, just to show the man we hadn't forgotten him, and was returning through the kitchen-garden with a conscience at peace with all men, when I happened upon Edward, grubbing for worms in the dung-heap. Edward put his worms into his hat, and we strolled along together, discussing high matters of state. As we reached the tool-shed, strange noises arrested our steps; looking in, we perceived Harold, alone, rapt, absorbed, immersed in the special game of the moment. He was squatting in an old pig-trough that had been brought in to be tinkered; and as he rhapsodised, anon he waved a shovel over his head, anon dug it into the ground with the action of those who would urge Canadian canoes. Edward strode in upon him. "What rot are you playing at now?" he demanded sternly. Harold flushed up, but stuck to his pig-trough like a man. "I'm Jason," he replied, defiantly; "and this is the Argo. The other fellows are here too, only you can't see them; and we're just going through the Hellespont, so don't you come bothering." And once more he plied the wine-dark sea. Edward kicked the pig-trough contemptuously. "Pretty sort of Argo you've got!" said he. Harold began to get annoyed. "I can't help it," he replied. "It's the best sort of Argo I can manage, and it's all right if you only pretend enough; but YOU never could pretend one bit." Edward reflected. "Look here," he said presently; "why shouldn't we get hold of Farmer Larkin's boat, and go right away up the river in a real Argo, and look for Medea, and the Golden Fleece, and everything? And I'll tell you what, I don't mind your being Jason, as you thought of it first." Harold tumbled out of the trough in the excess of his emotion. "But we aren't allowed to go on the water by ourselves," he cried. "No," said Edward, with fine scorn: "we aren't allowed; and Jason wasn't allowed either, I daresaybut he WENT!" Harold's protest had been merely conventional: he only wanted to be convinced by sound argument. The next question was, How about the girls? Selina was distinctly handy in a boat: the difficulty about her was, that if she disapproved of the expeditionand, morally considered, it was not exactly a Pilgrim's Progressshe might go and tell; she having just reached that disagreeable age when one begins to develop a conscience. Charlotte, for her part, had a habit of day-dreams, and was as likely as not to fall overboard in one of her rapt musings. To be sure, she would dissolve in tears when she found herself left out; but even that was better than a watery tomb. In fine, the public voiceand rightly, perhapswas against the admission of the skirted animal: spite the precedent of Atalanta, who was one of the original crew. "And now," said Edward, "who's to ask Farmer Larkin? I can't; last time I saw him he said when he caught me again he'd smack my head. YOU'LL have to." I hesitated, for good reasons. "You know those precious calves of his?" I began. Edward understood at once. "All right," he said; "then we won't ask him at all. It doesn't much matter. He'd only be annoyed, and that would be a pity. Now let's set off." We made our way down to the stream, and captured the farmer's boat without let or hindrance, the enemy being engaged in the hayfields. This "river," so called, could never be discovered by us in any atlas; indeed our Argo could hardly turn in it without risk of shipwreck. But to us 't was Orinoco, and the cities of the world dotted its shores. We put the Argo's head up stream, since that led away from the Larkin province; Harold was faithfully permitted to be Jason, and we shared the rest of the heroes among us. Then launching forth from Thessaly, we threaded the Hellespont with shouts, breathlessly dodged the Clashing Rocks, and coasted under the lee of the Siren-haunted isles. Lemnos was fringed with meadow-sweet, dog-roses dotted the Mysian shore, and the cheery call of the haymaking folk sounded along the coast of Thrace. After some hour or two's seafaring, the prow of the Argo embedded itself in the mud of a landing-place, plashy with the tread of cows and giving on to a lane that led towards the smoke of human habitations. Edward jumped ashore, alert for exploration, and strode off without waiting to see if we followed; but I lingered behind, having caught sight of a moss-grown water-gate hard by, leading into a garden that from the brooding quiet lapping it round, appeared to portend magical possibilities. Indeed the very air within seemed stiller, as we circumspectly passed through the gate; and Harold hung back shamefaced, as if we were crossing the threshold of some private chamber, and ghosts of old days were hustling past us. Flowers there were, everywhere; but they drooped and sprawled in an overgrowth hinting at indifference; the scent of heliotrope possessed the place, as if actually hung in solid festoons from tall untrimmed hedge to hedge. No basket-chairs, shawls, or novels dotted the lawn with colour; and on the garden-front of the house behind, the blinds were mostly drawn. A grey old sun-dial dominated the central sward, and we moved towards it instinctively, as the most human thing visible. An antique motto ran round it, and with eyes and fingers we struggled at the decipherment. "TIME: TRYETH: TROTHE:" spelt out Harold at last. "I wonder what that means?" I could not enlighten him, nor meet his further questions as to the inner mechanism of the thing, and where you wound it up. I had seen these instruments before, of course, but had never fully understood their manner of working. We were still puzzling our heads over the contrivance, when I became aware that Medea herself was moving down the path from the house. Dark-haired, supple, of a figure lightly poised and swayed, but pale and listlessI knew her at once, and having come out to find her, naturally felt no surprise at all. But Harold, who was trying to climb on the top of the sun-dial, having a cat-like fondness for the summit of things, started and fell prone, barking his chin and filling the pleasance with lamentation. Medea skimmed the ground swallow-like, and in a moment was on her knees comforting him,wiping the dirt out of his chin with her own dainty handkerchief,and vocal with soft murmur of consolation. "You needn't take on so about him," I observed, politely. "He'll cry for just one minute, and then he'll be all right." My estimate was justified. At the end of his regulation time Harold stopped crying suddenly, like a clock that had struck its hour; and with a serene and cheerful countenance wriggled out of Medea's embrace, and ran for a stone to throw at an intrusive blackbird. "O you boys!" cried Medea, throwing wide her arms with abandonment. "Where have you dropped from? How dirty you are! I've been shut up here for a thousand years, and all that time I've never seen any one under a hundred and fifty! Let's play at something, at once!" "Rounders is a good game," I suggested. "Girls can play at rounders. And we could serve up to the sun-dial here. But you want a bat and a ball, and some more people." She struck her hands together tragically. "I haven't a bat," she cried, "or a ball, or more people, or anything sensible whatever. Never mind; let's play at hide-and-seek in the kitchen garden. And we'll race there, up to that walnut-tree; I haven't run for a century!" She was so easy a victor, nevertheless, that I began to doubt, as I panted behind, whether she had not exaggerated her age by a year or two. She flung herself into hide-and-seek with all the gusto and abandonment of the true artist, and as she flitted away and reappeared, flushed and laughing divinely, the pale witch-maiden seemed to fall away from her, and she moved rather as that other girl I had read about, snatched from fields of daffodil to reign in shadow below, yet permitted once again to visit earth, and light, and the frank, caressing air. Tired at last, we strolled back to the old sundial, and Harold, who never relinquished a problem unsolved, began afresh, rubbing his finger along the faint incisions, "Time tryeth trothe. Please, I want to know what that means." Medea's face drooped low over the sun-dial, till it was almost hidden in her fingers. "That's what I'm here for," she said presently, in quite a changed, low voice. "They shut me up herethey think I'll forgetbut I never willnever, never! And he, toobut I don't knowit is so longI don't know!" Her face was quite hidden now. There was silence again in the old garden. I felt clumsily helpless and awkward; beyond a vague idea of kicking Harold, nothing remedial seemed to suggest itself. None of us had noticed the approach of another she-creatureone of the angular and rigid classhow different from our dear comrade! The years Medea had claimed might well have belonged to her; she wore mittens, tooa trick I detested in woman. "Lucy!" she said, sharply, in a tone with AUNT writ large over it; and Medea started up guiltily. "You've been crying," said the newcomer, grimly regarding her through spectacles. "And pray who are these exceedingly dirty little boys?" "Friends of mine, aunt," said Medea, promptly, with forced cheerfulness. "II've known them a long time. I asked them to come." The aunt sniffed suspiciously. "You must come indoors, dear," she said, "and lie down. The sun will give you a headache. And you little boys had better run away home to your tea. Remember, you should not come to pay visits without your nursemaid." Harold had been tugging nervously at my jacket for some time, and I only waited till Medea turned and kissed a white hand to us as she was led away. Then I ran. We gained the boat in safety; and "What an old dragon!" said Harold. "Wasn't she a beast!" I replied. "Fancy the sun giving any one a headache! But Medea was a real brick. Couldn't we carry her off?" "We could if Edward was here," said Harold, confidently. The question was, What had become of that defaulting hero? We were not left long in doubt. First, there came down the lane the shrill and wrathful clamour of a female tongue, then Edward, running his best, and then an excited woman hard on his heel. Edward tumbled into the bottom of the boat, gasping, "Shove her off!" And shove her off we did, mightily, while the dame abused us from the bank in the self same accents in which Alfred hurled defiance at the marauding Dane. "That was just like a bit out of Westward Ho!" I remarked approvingly, as we sculled down the stream. "But what had you been doing to her?" "Hadn't been doing anything," panted Edward, still breathless. "I went up into the village and explored, and it was a very nice one, and the people were very polite. And there was a blacksmith's forge there, and they were shoeing horses, and the hoofs fizzled and smoked, and smelt so jolly! I stayed there quite a long time. Then I got thirsty, so I asked that old woman for some water, and while she was getting it her cat came out of the cottage, and looked at me in a nasty sort of way, and said something I didn't like. So I went up to it just toto teach it manners, and somehow or other, next minute it was up an apple- tree, spitting, and I was running down the lane with that old thing after me." Edward was so full of his personal injuries that there was no interesting him in Medea at all. Moreover, the evening was closing in, and it was evident that this cutting-out expedition must be kept for another day. As we neared home, it gradually occurred to us that perhaps the greatest danger was yet to come; for the farmer must have missed his boat ere now, and would probably be lying in wait for us near the landing-place. There was no other spot admitting of debarcation on the home side; if we got out on the other, and made for the bridge, we should certainly be seen and cut off. Then it was that I blessed my stars that our elder brother was with us that day,he might be little good at pretending, but in grappling with the stern facts of life he had no equal. Enjoining silence, he waited till we were but a little way from the fated landing-place, and then brought us in to the opposite bank. We scrambled out noiselessly, andthe gathering darkness favouring uscrouched behind a willow, while Edward pushed off the empty boat with his foot. The old Argo, borne down by the gentle current, slid and grazed along the rushy bank; and when she came opposite the suspected ambush, a stream of imprecation told us that our precaution had not been wasted. We wondered, as we listened, where Farmer Larkin, who was bucolically bred and reared, had acquired such range and wealth of vocabulary. Fully realising at last that his boat was derelict, abandoned, at the mercy of wind and wave,as well as out of his reach,he strode away to the bridge, about a quarter of a mile further down; and as soon as we heard his boots clumping on the planks, we nipped out, recovered the craft, pulled across, and made the faithful vessel fast to her proper moorings. Edward was anxious to wait and exchange cour

92. Online NewsHour: Angels In America--October 1, 1997
s advanced composition Explorer. RICHARD RODRIGUEZ We are living through an ageno less astonishing than the one Hamlet new. The elizabethans sent galleons to
http://www.pbs.org/newshour/essays/october97/rodriguez_10-1.html
ANGELS IN AMERICA
OCTOBER 1, 1997
NEWSHOUR TRANSCRIPT Essayist Richard Rodriguez has some thoughts about Americans and angels. RICHARD RODRIGUEZ: In America today angels are the lead players in movies and on television. They are mascots for a professional baseball team. We like to think of Los Angeles as the City of Angels. And angels are in the employ of major New York publishing houses. Angels have become big business at your local bookstore, though angels must compete with books that tell you how to talk to your dog or whisper to your horse. Four hundred years ago, in a more golden age of literature, young Prince Hamlet sighed, "What a piece of work is man, how like an angel. Paragon of animals." It was a familiar conceit of the times, the notion that humans are suspended between the realm of animals and the realm of angels. Isn’t it curious that for all of our differences from the world that Hamlet knew we would share his preoccupation with the human relationship to the animal and to the angel? Angels appear in Judaism, in Islam, in my own Christianity. From childhood I loved the way they floated at the edges of Renaissance paintingsloved the exalted military ranks of angels, the seraphim, the cherubim. The most interesting thing about angels is the way their existence implied that humans are not the only creatures in God’s creation. To that extent agents anticipate the question posed for theology by modern space exploration: What if there is life elsewhere in creation? There are traditions about the fall of disobedient angels and the fidelity of the good.

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