81. William H. Dorsey Collection, 1847 - 1906 REEL 16 . Africa; (Explorations, Customs, archeology), 1860-1894. Africa;(Explorations, Exhibitions), 1873-1876. Africa; (archeology), 1877-1882. http://www.temple.edu/caahc/william_h__dorsey_collection,_1847_-_1906.htm

CENTER FOR AFRICAN AMERICAN HISTORY AND CULTURE William H. Dorsey Collection, 1847-1906 CAAHC is the sole repository for the microform edition of the celebrated William H. Dorsey Collection. The original materials, which are very fragile, are housed at Cheyney University of Pennsylvania . The collection represents a unique assemblage of books, scrapbooks, and manuscripts, including letters, biographical sketches and photographs. Preserved on 29 reels of microfilm, these valuable historical materials were once the property of William Henry Dorsey (1837-1920), a prominent bibliophile, a distinguished artist, and collector of rare African Americana from the 19th century. Dorsey's Philadelphia home housed a private museum, described by one observer as "without exception, the most remarkable collection of books, data, clippings and curios concerning the Negro race in the world." Although Dorsey collected books, pamphlets, and manuscripts, he also developed an extensive clipping file consisting of newspaper articles taken from a variety of local and national newspapers and periodicals published from 1847-1906. Dorsey compiled the news clippings in three hundred eighty-eight scrapbooks. The content of the scrapbooks is extremely valuable and rare, in that a number of the black publications have not survived, and the clippings of letters, biographical sketches, photographs, as well as the discussions of some issues and events may be the only record or reference available. Moreover, the scrapbooks provide an unusual opportunity for scholars to assess the mood of the nineteenth century. The decades spanning the period 1860-1906 are critical for defining the status of African Americans.

82. Resource Faculty Associate Professor, Anthropology. North Africa, archeology, lithicanalysis, prehistory of North America (aeclose@u.washington.edu). http://depts.washington.edu/poa/content/resource_faculty.shtml

Programs, Faculty, Research RENE A. BRAVMANN, Ph.D. Indiana (1971); Professor, School of Art. African-American art, African art, Oceanic art ( blithe@u.washington.edu JOHNNELLA E. BUTLER, Ed.D. Massachusetts (1979); Professor, American Ethnic Studies. Afro-American literature, American ethnic women's literature, Afro-Caribbean literature, pedagogy, and criticism ( jebutler@u.washington.edu SANDRA CHAIT, Ph.D. Washington (1997); P-T Lecturer, Comparative Literature. South African, African, African-American and postcolonial literature ( schait@u.washington.edu ANGELA E.CLOSE, Ph.D. Cambridge (UK) (1976); Associate Professor, Anthropology. North Africa, archeology, lithic analysis, prehistory of North America ( aeclose@u.washington.edu JAMES CLOWES, Ph.D. Washington (1996); Lecturer, Jackson School of International Studies/Associate Director, Comparative History of Ideas. Educational philosophy, truth and reconciliation, 19th century German romanticism ( jclowes@u.washington.edu SHANNON K. DUDLEY, Ph.D. UC-Berkeley (1996); Assistant Professor, Music. Steel band music in Trinidad, Caribbean music, colonialism, nationalism, ethnicity ( dudley@u.washington.edu

83. Background History Akan Metal Casting (Arthur/Rowe). Various archeological data from across the continentshould be noted. See Johnson, Hale and Belcher, african Oral Epics, 1997. http://www.africahistory.net/afrihist.htm

AFRICA'S HISTORY Dr. Gloria T.Emeagwali Professor of History and African Studies, Central Connecticut State University. MAIN SITE: www.africahistory.net This site is best viewed with EXPLORER Northeast Africa is the cradle of African civilization. Note the Legacy of Africa and the antiquity of Olduvai, Northern Tanzania. We must also take into account The Ishango Complex of East-Central Africa and several sites in Southern Africa and other parts of the continent. Africa's oldest boat has been found in Ancient Nigeria and this is about 8000 years old. Multiregional and uniregional theories of human origins point to Africa as the birthplace of humanity. Several molecular biologists and paleontologists confirm this to date. The evidence so far implies that the first humans in the world (homo sapiens) emerged in Africa about 200,000 years ago and migrated to the various continents much later-perhaps as recent as 45,000 years ago in the case of migration to Europe. Recent fossil finds suggest that the world's earliest hominids lived approximately 6 million years before that in Kenya. We note also the 4 million year old fossils of Dinknesh (Lucy) and her descendants and the 1996 discovery in Southern Ethiopia of stone tools 2.5 million years old. The Kenyan -Ethiopian- Tanzanian region is perhaps the birthplace of modern humans, subject to new finds.Note also that several religions do not accept this view on human origins. Ancient Africans migrated within Africa, vertically and horizontally, as well as OUT OF AFRICA to populate the world. For views on the African and Afro-Pacific (Afro-Australian) origins of some Ancient Americans such as the Ancient Brazilians see Dr.Walter Neves,University of Sao Paolo, Brazil (BBC Homepage: Thursday August 26, 1999).

84. France-diplomatie - Les Carnets De L'archéologie The survey and the study of a city like Gedi is fundamental, so much for the Africanarcheology that for the Islamic archeology, it is about understanding the http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/culture/culture_scientifique/archeologie/gedi_keny

document.write(haut) Recherche Plan du site Abonnements document.write ( chYahoo ); Abstract The Gedi ruins are at 16 Km to the south of Malindi and at 6,5Km from the sea. The surface of the city of Gedi makes more than its walled perimeter, valued to 18 hectares. The whole site is estimated to 30 hectares, a surface close to the one of Pate city in the archipelago of Lamu. All these new elements indicate that Gedi was not always a vassal city but a great City-State, non mentioned or non recognized in the historic sources. In 1927, the site is classified protected monument. The buildings threatened of collapse are restored by the Department of the public works of Kenya in 1939. Gedi is declared national park in 1948 and excavations are programmed under the direction of a British archaeologist, James Kirkman. He makes a plan of the site, clear many buildings and excavated the big mosque (1954) and the palace (1963). James Kirkman worked in Gedi during ten years, he stops his excavations in 1958. We took the excavations of the site of Gedi in 1999, to do a doctorate on the Swahili fortifications. First sustained by the Foundation of France, the mission is financed by the French Ministry of the Foreign Affairs since 2001. The mission of 2001 permitted to get a complete map of Gedi. Zones of restoration and important excavation have been defined from the new map. It is a group of monumental houses situated to the southeast of the great mosque of the XVth century and from a very well-preserved district to the East of the house of the dhow. The survey of these oriental zones will permit to open new sectors to the public, to protect some monuments in peril by the forest and to make a balance with the western zone cleared by Kirkman in the fifties.

85. Jenne-jeno, An Ancient African City Jennejeno, an ancient african city. Susan Keech McIntosh and RoderickJ. McIntosh. Roderick and Susan McIntosh excavated at Jenne http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~anth/arch/niger/broch-eng.html

Jenne-jeno, an ancient African city Susan Keech McIntosh and Roderick J. McIntosh Roderick and Susan McIntosh excavated at Jenne-jeno and neighboring sites in 1977 and 1981 and returned in 1994 for coring and more survey, with funding from the National Science Foundation of the United States, the American Association of University Women, and the National Geographic Society (1994). This research formed the basis of their Ph.D. dissertations at Cambridge University and the University of California at Santa Barbara, respectively. The McIntoshes have published two monographs and numerous articles on their archaeological research in the Middle Niger. They are professors of anthropology at Rice University in Houston, Texas, and they continue to collaborate with Malian colleagues from the Institut des Sciences Humaines on research along the Middle Niger. (Pl. 1) The early settlement at Jenne-jeno. (Pl. 2) have yielded the hulls of domesticated rice, sorghum, millet, and various wild swamp grasses. The population that settled at Jenne-jeno used and worked iron, fashioning the metal into both jewelry and tools. This is interesting , since there are no sources of iron ore in the floodplain. The earliest inhabitants of Jenne-jeno were already trading with areas outside the region. They also imported stone grinders and beads. The presence of two Roman or Hellenistic beads in the early levels suggests that a few very small trade goods were reaching West Africa, probably after changing hands through many intermediaries. We have not detected any evidence of influences from the Mediterranean world on the local societies at this time.

86. DNA Takes Us Back To Our African Mother of childbirth and menstruation) and the pubic V painted in african caves. She writesthat Emmanuel Anati, chief of the Italian archeological expedition to Har http://www.awakenedwoman.com/br_lucia.htm

July 1, 2002 Home Contents Back Issues free e-newsletter! Order this book from Amazon DNA takes us back... to our African mother by Leslie McIntyre A book review of dark mother, african origins and godmothers * by Lucia Chiavola Birnbaum Cultural historian Lucia Chiavola Birnbaum has added to this deeply spiritual feminist exploration of our human origins with her trilogy, Liberazione della donna, Black Madonnas , and now, her newest, dark mother, african origins and godmothers. * This book is an extensive look into our African origins of all people, everywhere. Recently, on the Discovery channel, an airing of "The Real Eve" revealed that all humans could be traced back to one African mother through our mitochondrial DNA, which is only passed on from mother to children. Unlike females, males receive it from their mothers but do not pass it on. So, in effect, we all have the same mother, and she is African, dark as the night sky and brown as the very earth we tread on. In the documentary, people from all over the world were tested for similarities in DNA. The closest DNA relatives found were an Italian woman and a Choctaw man. This fact is the premise of Lucia's work. She writes, "The hypothesis of this book is that everyone's genetic 'beautiful mother' is African and dark, and that she is the oldest divinity we know" (dark mother, p. xxv). The implications of this reality are enormous. This enlightening understanding simultaneously eliminates sexism and racism.

87. Teaching Archeology - Unit Plans Students use primary sources to learn about historical archeology and AfricanAmerican life at the turn of the twentieth century in Texas. http://www.texasbeyondhistory.net/teach/unit.html

Home Map Tool Themes Teachers Welcome Teachers! Teachers' Guide to TBH Teaching with Standards Lesson Plans ... Please Evaluate Our Site Unit Plans These Unit Plans correlate with TEKS social studies knowledge and skills for 4th- and 7th-grade Texas History. Lessons incorporate primary source materials based on archeological and historical investigations around the state. All were written by Education Consultant Dr. Mary S. Black, former classroom teacher and Assistant Professor of Social Studies Education at The University of Texas at Austin. Prehistoric Life in the Oak Woodlands This unit plan for 4th- and 7th-grade students contains lessons and activities about the prehistoric people who lived in East-Central Texas about 600 to 800 years ago. Lessons focus on their economy, including pottery, weaponry, and how they adapted to and modified their environment. Other lessons incorporate archeological and geographical techniques, including making a topographic map and understanding environmental regions and landforms. The unit includes five lessons with colorful transparencies, maps, and student handouts and is provided courtesy of Prewitt and Associates, Inc., and Northwestern Resources Co. Download Lesson Plans Family members work the fields in front of the Osborn tenant house in this early twentieth century scene. Image adapted from drawing by Eloy G. Zapata.

88. Georgian Homo Erectus Crania and skeletal characteristics of the Dmanisi fossils link them to the early humanspecies Homo ergaster, which some researchers believe is an african version of http://www.archaeology.org/0001/newsbriefs/georgia.html

Your browser does not support javascript Georgian Homo Erectus Published May 11, 2000 by Angela M.H. Schuster Editors note: The May 12 edition of the journal Science presents the first scientific description of two 1.7-million-year-old crania excavated at Dmanisi in the Republic of Georgia. According to the article's authors the age and skeletal characteristics of the Dmanisi fossils link them to the early human species Homo ergaster, which some researchers believe is an African version of H. erectus. ARCHAEOLOGY reported the discovery, dated at that time to 1.8 million years, in its January/February 2000 issue and on its website. The authors of the Science paper add, that while numerous fossil finds confirm that H. erectus was the first hominid species to leave the African continent, what prompted such a migration continues to be a topic of debate. Most believe that H. erectus, armed with an advanced tool kit, known as the Acheulean or hand-ax tradition, became the first human species capable of braving an array of challenging environments outside Africa. "The Dmanisi fossils, however, undermine this tale of the technologically triumphant hominid," says paper co-author Carl C. Swisher III of the Berkeley Geochronology Center. "Even though raw material suitable for making Acheulean tools was readily available," he says, "stone tools found with the two skulls are of a pre-Acheulean pebble-chopper type that appeared in Africa as early as 2.4 million years ago, arguing for early, pre-Acheulean migrations."

89. Pre-Glacial Archeological Evidence At Grimshaw, The Peace River Area, Alberta Mason, RJ 1965 Makapangsat limeworks, Fractured Stone Objects and Natural Fracturein Africa South african Archeological Bulletin 20 (77) 316 Roebucks, W http://www.sfu.ca/archaeology/museum/papers/contents/grimsh.html

Back to the list of research papers. Discussion: Pre-Glacial archeological evidence at Grimshaw, the Peace River area, Alberta Chlachula and Leslie (1998), attempt to extend the chronology of the occupation of North America by over 11 000 years into the middle Wisconsinan by the analysis of flaked stone recovered from glacial till. I have reservations concerning the actual human origin of the artifacts and their significance to the early population of the Americas. These reservations center on the geologic context of the flaked stone and the assumption that they could only represent a humanly created assemblage. I believe there is sufficient cause to treat this assemblage as suspect, and therefore not incontrovertible evidence of early occupation. The difficulty of differentiating between natural and cultural modification of lithics is well documented (Warren: 1920), (Brian and Shnurrenburger: 1985), (Mason: 1965), (Barnes: 1939), (Roebucks and Van-kolfschoten: 1995). Often this problem can be resolved by the context of the lithic assemblage in its geological setting. Another way of proving cultural origin is the presence of abundant accessory evidence such as hearths, modified bone, human remains and the presence of undoubtedly humanly created lithics in direct association with them. If nothing else is available, artifacts themselves can be used as evidence of cultural processes. These three criteria can be used to test if the lithics represent a culturally created assemblage or not. In this discussion, the author will examine the Grimshaw assemblage based on the three criteria.

90. Study Abroad: Summer Programs: South Africa suited for students with a strong interest in archeology and prehistory, its strongfocus on the geology and modern ecology of southern Africa (which together http://www.aas.duke.edu/study_abroad/summer/southafrica.html

Summer Programs General Info Australia Brazil China ... Russia South Africa Spain Switzerland Application Procedure ... Summer Programs > South Africa South Africa (May 17 - June 28) Paleoanthropology Field School The Department of Biological Anthropology and Anatomy (BAA) and the Office of Study Abroad offer a six-week, two-course, field-study program in the Cradle of Humankind, a World Heritage Site in Gauteng Province, South Africa. Students will experience paleoanthropology first hand and discover the natural history of southern Africa by: conducting excavations at the site of Plovers Lake, situated among the renowned early human sites of the Transvaal; exploring modern African wildlife and ecology while living on a 3,000 hectare game reserve in the Magaliesburg Mountains; visiting the important fossil sites of Swartkrans, Kromdraai, Drimolen and Gladysvale; exploring the various biomes of southern Africa during an excursion to Saldanha Bay, Cape Town and the Cape of Good Hope. The program, directed by Associate Professor Steven Churchill of Duke University, gives students hands-on training in archeological methods, paleontological survey and fossil identification while conducting excavations in a Middle/Late Pleistocene human occupation site. Students will also learn about the prehistory and paleoenvironments of southern Africa through evening lectures and laboratories, and through numerous game drives, bush walks and structured exercises in the field.

91. Comparative Archeology And Paleoclimatology: Sociocultural Responses To A Changi SESSION Comparative archeology and Paleoclimatology Sociocultural Responses toa LivestockKeeper Economic Change in Northeastern and Southwestern Africa. http://www.comp-archaeology.org/WAC5Abstracts2001EnvironmentSocialResponse.htm

Added December 5, 2002. Updated May 4, 2003 hours. May 4, 2003 This page will be updated occasionally to add and revise information. Table of Contents th WORLD ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONGRESS THEME: Past Human Environments in Modern Contexts SESSION: Comparative Archeology and Paleoclimatology: Sociocultural Responses to a Changing World SESSION ABSTRACT ABSTRACTS Sunday, June 22 Douglas Frink: Transforming Linear Limits into Dynamic Solutions: Changes in Environmental Constraints and Cultural Adaptations. Ralf Vogelsang: From Hunter-Gatherer to Livestock-Keeper: Economic Change in Northeastern and Southwestern Africa. Olena V. Smyntyna: Early Prehistoric Migration as Sociocultural Response to a Changing World. Joel Gunn: Dangerous Regions: A Source of Cascading Cultural Changes. Dean Snow: Population Movements and the Archaeological Record. Michael Adler: The Poverty of the Settlement Abandonment Concept in Archaeology: Ancestral Pueblo Landscape Use in the American Southwest. Thomas H. McGovern: It got cold and they died? Climate and the End of Norse Greenland.

92. Society For Commercial Archeology Conference - Manitou Springs, Colorado, USA - Festival Society for Commercial archeology Conference Manitou Springs http://www.2camels.com/festival47.php3

by area Africa Caribbean Central America Central Asia Europe Middle East North America Oceania South America South East Asia Worldwide by country Albania Argentina Australia Austria Barbados Belgium Belize Bermuda Bosnia Herzegovina Brazil Burkina Faso Canada China Costa Rica Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Ecuador Egypt England Estonia Faroe Islands Finland France Germany Greece Hong Kong Hungary India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Italy Jamaica Japan Japan - Okinawa Kazakhstan Kosovo Laos Lebanon Lithuania Luxembourg Macedonia Malaysia Malta Mexico Mongolia Morocco Nepal Netherlands New Zealand Northern Ireland Norway Papua New Guinea Philippines Poland Russia San Marino Scotland Serbia Montenegro Singapore Slovakia Slovenia South Africa South Korea Spain Sweden Switzerland Tanzania Thailand Turkey UAE US Virgin Islands USA Venezuela Vietnam Wales Worldwide Zimbabwe by type Air Show Art Balloon Beer Bizarre Board Game Book Carnival Collectors Comedy Community Cultural Dance Drink Environmental Fair Fan Convention Film Floral Folk Food Food and Drink Food and Wine Fringe Gay and Lesbian Impersonators Local Maritime Miscellaneous Multicultural Music - African Music - Alternative Music - Blues Music - Classical Music - Contemporary Music - Country Music - Dance Music - Folk Music - Gospel Music - Jazz Music - Latin Music - Metal Music - Reggae Music - Rock Music - Traditional Music - Varied Music - World National Naturist New Year Performing Art Religious Science Sport - Ball Sport - Bizarre Sport - Cycling Sport - Endurance Sport - Equestrian Sport - Extreme Sport - Motor Sport - Multidiscipline Sport - Racquet Sport - Stick and Ball

93. JAR Tribute To J. Desmond Clark As I always tell my class in african prehistory, there are few countries in manycountries his investigations remain among the only archeological research to http://www.unm.edu/~jar/ClarkTribute.html

JOURNAL of ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH TRIBUTE TO PROFESSOR J. DESMOND CLARK JAR HomePage Online Index Issue Contents and Article Abstracts Upcoming Articles ... JAR Distinguished Lectures JOHN DESMOND CLARK, PALEOANTHROPOLOGIST Resquiescat in pace. There will not likely again ever be a prehistoric archeologist and gentleman like Desmond Clark. Desmond Clark was the towering figure who in the 1960s, together with Clark Howell, co-founded the holistic, interdisciplinary field of paleoanthropology and was one its premier practitioners for over 60 years, with indefatigable and seminal field research not only throughout Africa, but also in Syria, India and China. He inspired students and researchers the world over during the entire second half of the 20th century, treating one and all with courtesy, respect, professionalism and human warmthcharacteristics all too often lacking in a field filled with rancor and unbridled ego. It was of course in Africa that he made his greatest mark. It was Desmond Clark who, by his works, answered his own question: "Africa in Prehistory: Peripheral or Paramount?" ( Man The Kalambo Falls Prehistoric Site volume series anddespite near-blindnesssaw the last one published before his death, is one of the most extraordinary feats in archeological publication ever). His commitment to the ethics of archeological publication will forever present a model to be emulated and strived for (but rarely matched) by all prehistorians. In addition to the staggering personal empirical record he createdespecially in the Acheulean and Middle Stone Age, but also in the NeolithicDesmond Clark’s synthetic and edited works remain definitive today. Just imagine, this is the scientist who gave us

94. Address Database Of Geoscientists Working In North Africa Semlalia, Department of Geology, nocairi@ucam.ac.ma, archeology prehistoric. unich.it,Planetary geology, paleohydrology of Western Africa, Precambrian, impact http://www.datapage.de/de/design1_out.html?fs=&ti=&nr=&fnr=&dedit=&suchf=&id=849

95. Forbidden Archeology - Hidden Mysteries Forbidden archeology is a call for a change in today s rigid scientific 1979, researchersat the Laetoli, Tanzania, site in East Africa discovered footprints http://www.hiddenmysteries.com/item200/item247.html

If you came in through a SEARCH ENGINE and there's no menu bar on the right, please CLICK HERE. ONLY if there's no menu bar. ;-) Hidden Mysteries Books Forbidden Archeology by Michael A. Cremo From the Introduction: Here again, some will caution us not to set a few isolated and controversial examples against the overwhelming amount of noncontroversial evidence showing that anatomically modern humans evolved from more apelike creatures fairly recentlyabout 100,000 years ago, in Africa, and, in the view of some, in other parts of the world as well. But it turns out we have not exhausted our resources with the Laetoli footprints, the Kanapoi humerus, and the ER 1481 femur. Over the past eight years, Richard Thompson and I, with the assistance of our researcher Stephen Bernath, have amassed an extensive body of evidence that calls into question current theories of human evolution. Some of this evidence, like the Laetoli footprints, is fairly recent. But much of it was reported by scientists in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. And as you can see, our discussion of this evidence fills up quite a large book. Without even looking at this older body of evidence, some will assume that there must be something wrong with itthat it was properly disposed of by scientists long ago, for very good reasons. Richard and I have looked rather deeply into that possibility. We have concluded, however, that the quality of this controversial evidence is no better or worse than the supposedly noncontroversial evidence usually cited in favor of current views about human evolution.

96. Africa Cultural LinksAfrica Archeology Africa GeographyAfrica History Africa archeology. Alexandria http//pharos.bu.edu/Egypt/Alexandria/The jewel of the Mediterranean, Alexandria, Egypt is the focus http://www.museum.state.il.us/mic_home/anstey_links/Africa.html

Listserv Links - Cultural Diversity General Maps International Africa ... History Africa Culture Archeology Geography History Africa - Culture Africa Online http://www.africaonline.com/ This graphically engaging interface is possibly the best source of information on Africa on the Web. You can read daily updates of news from the African continent, find out about the All-African Games, peruse job announcements, read new African CD reviews and link to countless magazines and organizations related to Africa. The site also features a special educational and entertainment section for children and another special section for women. You can learn what the griot do, and try your hand at the art of talking on online chat forums. OnLine African WeddingGuide http://www.melanet.com/melanet/wedding/ Designed primarily for the United States audience, this guide provides people who identify with African culture a set of articles and resourceson how to plan and execute the wedding of their choice. The guide is brokendown in topic headings, such as Ceremony, Dancers, Bridesmaids, and the Garb or Clothes. Some updated supplement articles include 'Affording YourAfrican-Centered Wedding' and 'Selecting African Fabric.' A 'Black Bridal Consultant Search' was under construction. The MulticulturalPavilion at the University of Virginia http://curry.edschool.virginia.EDU/go/multicultural/

97. The Underwater Video Journal Category archeology Treasure Hunting. North America, Central America, Caribbean,South America, Europe. Middle East, Asia, Oceania, Africa. Select region http://underwatervj.com/directory.php?id=31

98. Texas Historical Commission See our cemetery links, which include links to african American cemetery web a Resource. http://www.thc.state.tx.us/heritagetourism/htafricanamer.html

African Americans in Texas Buffalo Soldier African Americans in Texas: Historical and Cultural Legacies The rich historical and cultural legacy of African Americans in Texas is a mosaic inlaid with memories and experiences dating back to the first Spanish expeditions in the early-16th century. Since then, African American influence is seen in every period of Texas history. Today visitors can experience first hand the places and people that shaped Texas history Download the African Americans in Texas brochure (pdf). Order free travel brochures Attractions Victory Grill, in Austin, a historic 1940s nightclub once part of a network of venues where black musicians were allowed to perform. Fort Stockton, the first headquarters in Texas of the 9th Cavalry Buffalo Soldiers. Constructed in 1863, Reedy Chapel AME Church in Galveston was built by white Methodists for their slaves and later became the first African Methodist Episcopal church in Texas.

99. Ethnodata | Article | Anthropologists Decry Looting In Africa Africa posted by ben on 08.05.03 2159 hits(261) July 14 A flood of Africanartifacts that Because of this, whole nations entire archeology are literally http://ethnodata.com/out.php?art=2

100. ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRE-COLONIAL AFRICA: It is largely about the individuals, institutions, and trends involved in Africanarcheology, and seems a bit out of place with the other largely descriptive http://web.africa.ufl.edu/asq/v2/v2i1a7.htm

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PRE-COLONIAL AFRICA: ARCHEOLOGY, HISTORY, LANGUAGES, CULTURE, AND ENVIRONMENTS. JOSEPH O. VOGEL, ED. WALNUT CREEK, CA: ALTAMIRA PRESS, A DIVISION OF SAGE PUBLICATION, 1997, 605 pp., cloth $124.95. Joseph Vogel's edited volume is a welcome compendium of topics on pre-colonial Africa. It brings together an impressive array of authors, topics, and ideas that will allow the book to serve as a reference for those needing to venture outside their specializations on Africa. African history can suffer from the same problem that other colonized areas experience in the minds of many, that is the assumption that its history starts with colonialism because a comparative abundance of records from that era exists. This volume, then, serves the wider purpose of bringing, in an easily accessible way, some balance to this problem. The encyclopedia format is useful, not so much for ease of reference, but for the shorter pieces contained in the volume, allowing a much more amplified breadth than would otherwise be possible. After a fairly comprehensive introduction, the book is organized into five sections dealing with African environments, histories of research, technology, people and agriculture, and the prehistory of Africa. Regrettably, the shortest section is on African environments. It covers an enormous range of time and space in too few pages. Given the large interest in various disciplinary communities with the type and extent of vegetation zones existing prior to recorded history, it is surprising that this topic is given such short treatment.

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