61. Webcorp -- Voices Of The Civil Rights Era. Short commentaries and recordings from famous speeches by Martin King, John F. Kennedy, and malcolm X. http://webcorp.com/civilrights/voices.htm

On the surface, the 1960's opened with a sense of hope and expectation best exemplified in JFK's Inaugural Address . While this was soon to be shattered for everyone by the Kennedy killing and the continuing war, most of America's blacks were alienated even before these events. Those who were called to action divided themselves into several major camps, each with a different approach and methods. Perhaps the two most prominent were followers of Martin Luther King , who advocated a nonviolent approach patterned on Gandhi's successful Indian revolution, and those of Elijah Muhammad and Malcolm X , who initally felt that one could only meet violent repression with violence in response. Of course, all of the figures here met violent ends perhaps that makes it even more interesting to see three distinct visions of the future reflected in the selected audio clips. webmaster@webcorp.com

62. Gale - Free Resources - Black History Month - Biographies - Malcolm X malcolm X (ElHajj Malik El-Shabazz ). (1925-1965) Black Nationalist. malcolm X was one of the most fiery and controversial people of the 20th century. http://www.galegroup.com/free_resources/bhm/bio/malcolmx.htm

Quick Title Search Press Room About Us Contact Us Site Map ... Browse Our Catalog document.write(url); Free Resources Reference Reviews Marketing for Libraries Black History Month ... Women's History Month Malcolm X (El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz ) Black Nationalist Malcolm X was one of the most fiery and controversial people of the 20th century. Alex Haley , Malcolm asserted that his father may have been killed by members of the Ku Klux Klan. His mother, stricken by the death of her husband and the demands of providing for the family, was committed to a mental institution. Leaving school after the eighth grade, Malcolm made his way to New York, working for a time as a waiter at Smalls Paradise in Harlem. Malcolm began selling and using drugs, turned to burglary, and, in 1946, was sentenced to a ten-year prison term on burglary charges. While in prison Malcolm became acquainted with the Black Muslim sect, headed by Elijah Muhammad , and was quickly converted. Following his parole in 1952, he soon became an outspoken defender of Muslim doctrines, accepting the basic argument that evil was an inherent characteristic of the "white man's Christian world." Unlike Muhammad, Malcolm sought publicity, making provocative and inflammatory statements to predominantly white civic groups and college campus audiences. Branding white people "devils," he spoke bitterly of a philosophy of vengeance and "an eye for an eye." When, in 1963, he characterized the Kennedy assassination as a case of "chickens coming home to roost," he was suspended from the Black Muslim movement by Elijah Muhammad.

63. Official Site Of Malcolm X CMG Worldwide malcolm X was an intransigent opponent of the U.S. government and its imperialist policies. http://www.cmgww.com/historic/malcolm/index.html

64. Archives Of MALCOLM-X@MAELSTROM.STJOHNS.EDU Archives of malcolmX@MAELSTROM.STJOHNS.EDU. Discussions of the life, philosophy influences of malcolm X. Search the archives; Post http://maelstrom.stjohns.edu/archives/malcolm-x.html

Archives of MALCOLM-X@MAELSTROM.STJOHNS.EDU Search the archives Post to the list Join or leave the list (or change settings) Manage the list (list owners only) May 2004 March 2004 February 2004 January 2004 ... January 1999 Back to the LISTSERV home page at MAELSTROM.STJOHNS.EDU.

65. RollingStone.com - Malcolm X Includes a synopsis, cast and crew, message board, and trivia. http://www.rollingstone.com/movies/default.asp?oid=74690

66. Shabazz MediaFilter.org By Paul DeRienzo. http://MediaFilter.org/MFF/S35.Shabazz.html

FEDS SET UP DAUGHTER OF MALCOLM X IN FARRAKHAN ASSASSINATION PLOT By Paul DeRienzo Informants are the stock in trade of the FBI when the bureau sets out to destroy popular movements. During the height of the civil rights movement in the 1960s, the FBI, under director J. Edgar Hoover, launched their so-called COINTELPRO operation against black radicals. The stated purpose was to prevent the rise of what the bureau termed a "black messiah" who Hoover feared could unite African-American people against the United States government. After COINTELPRO was exposed in the 1970's, the FBI claimed the operation had been discontinued and that reforms in the Bureau would prevent any similar assault on American citizens' right to peaceful protest. But the recent federal indictment in Minneapolis of Qubilah Shabazz, a daughter of Malcolm X, for allegedly plotting the assassination of Nation of Islam leader Louis Farrakhan seems to indicate the spirit of J. Edgar Hoover is alive and well at the Federal Bureau of Investigation. At the heart of the government's case against Shabazz is a long time informant for the FBI, Michael Fitzpatrick, 34, who is currently facing charges for possession of cocaine in Minneapolis. Prosecutors say Fitzpatrick tipped off the FBI after Shabazz allegedly let him in on her desire to kill Farrakhan, a man suspected of having been involved in her father's assassination in a fusillade of bullets on February 21, 1965 in Harlem's Audubon Ballroom. Qubilah, her mother Betty Shabazz, and three of her sisters witnessed the slaying.

67. Malcolm X Search. AfricanAmerican History, malcolm X Guide picks. Read a biography, listen to audio, look at FBI files, and find out much more about malcolm X. http://afroamhistory.about.com/cs/malcolmx/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History African-American History People ... Timelines zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Abolition Movement People Black Celebrations Black Codes ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About African-American History newsletter. Search African-American History Malcolm X Read a biography, listen to audio, look at FBI files, and find out much more about Malcolm X. Alphabetical Recent Up a category Biography: Malcolm X Malcolm X was initially known for his controversial stance on racial separatism, but it was his later advocacy of integration and world brotherhood that has spurred his legacy. Malcolm X Timeline A look at the major events in the life of Malcolm X. Malcolm X Speaks This is a good Web site to hear Malcolm X's early speeches. Chronology of the Life and Activities of Malcolm X Look at a chronology of Malcolm X's life. FBI Files on Malcolm X Under the Freedom of Information Act, the FBI has released its files on Malcolm X. This site has over 4000 pages of information they collected on Malcolm X. more from your guide Malcolm X Speech A copy of a speech given by Malcolm X in 1964.

68. Malcolm X (1992) IMDb Credits. http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0104797/

Top Movies Photo Galleries ... Film All Titles My Movies People Characters Quotes Bios Plots All (old) More searches Tips IMDbPro.com free trial main details combined details full cast and crew company credits user comments ... crazy credits alternate versions movie connections merchandising links release dates filming locations ... news articles taglines trailers posters photo gallery on tv, schedule links showtimes official site miscellaneous photographs sound clip(s) video clip(s) Your Vote 1 (awful) 10 (excellent) You need to be a registered user of the IMDb to rate a movie - I have seen this movie and would like to submit a comment Malcolm X Page 1 of 32 Directed by Spike Lee Writing credits WGA Alex Haley (book) and Malcolm X (book) ... (more) Add to MyMovies Photos Genre: Drama (more) Plot Outline: The biopic of the controversial and influential Black Nationalist leader. (more) (view trailer) User Comments: X is for excellent (more) User Rating: (5,460 votes) Cast overview, first billed only: Denzel Washington Malcolm X Angela Bassett Betty Shabazz Albert Hall Baines Al Freeman Jr.

69. The Black Book: The True Political Philosophy Of Malcolm X A comprehensive analysis that integrates the developing vision of the man, malcolm X, with the man he became, El Hajj Malik El Shabazz, it provides an indepth analysis of malcolm's directives on why the African-American struggle for national liberation and self-determination is necessary, how it should be carried on, and why it can succeed. http://www.bookmasters.com/clarity/b0009.htm

THE BLACK BOOK: THE TRUE POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY OF MALCOLM X (El Hajj Malik El Shabazz) ed. by Y.N. Kly ISBN: 0-932863-03-5, 104 pp., 1986, $9.95 Sixth printing Now in its sixth printing, this highly popular book on the great African-American Muslim illustrates the influence of his Islamic faith and his international experience upon his constantly expanding political vision. The first to present a comprehensive analysis that integrates the developing vision of the man, Malcolm X, with the man he became, El Hajj Malik El Shabazz, it provides an in-depth analysis of Malcolm's directives on why the African-American struggle for national liberation and self-determination is necessary, how it should be carried on, and why it can succeed. "Numerous works have been written on the life and ideals of Malcolm X by a marxist, liberal, communist, capitalist or Black Power follower which, obviously, paid scant regard to the total Islamic commitment of Malcolm X. Therefore, this contribution by a Muslim to clarify and analyze in depth the ideals of Malcolm X on the basis of the Qur'an and Sunnah is long overdue... Kly makes an excellent comparative study of Malcolm's ideological moorings in Islam... Highly recommended to any serious radical scholar..." Jamalludien Ahmed Hamdulah

70. Malcolm X (1972) IMDb Credits. http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0068903/

Top Movies Photo Galleries ... Film All Titles My Movies People Characters Quotes Bios Plots All (old) More searches Tips IMDbPro.com free trial main details combined details full cast and crew company credits user comments external reviews newsgroup reviews user ratings recommendations plot summary plot keywords Amazon.com summary memorable quotes trivia goofs soundtrack listing crazy credits alternate versions movie connections merchandising links release dates filming locations technical specs laserdisc details DVD details literature listings news articles taglines trailers posters photo gallery on tv, schedule links showtimes official site miscellaneous photographs sound clip(s) video clip(s) Your Vote 1 (awful) 10 (excellent) You need to be a registered user of the IMDb to rate a movie - I have seen this movie and would like to submit a comment Malcolm X Page 1 of 15 Directed by Arnold Perl Writing credits Alex Haley (book) Arnold Perl (more) Add to MyMovies Genre: Documentary (more) User Comments: Excellent portrait of a great, but complex man (more) User Rating: (43 votes) Complete credited cast: James Earl Jones Biographical Narration (voice) Ossie Davis Eulogy (voice) (also archive footage) rest of cast listed alphabetically John Ali Himself (archive footage) Muhammad Ali Himself (with Malcolm X) (archive footage) Leon Ameer Himself (archive footage) Vida Blue Himself (archive footage) H. Rap Brown

71. Welcome To Webcorp Multimedia! Webcorp Multimedia The clips here are illustrative of malcolm's earlier speeches, which are often characterized by provocative rhetoric and violent imagery. http://webcorp.com/civilrights/malcomx.htm

72. British Academy PORTAL A-Z Index: X - X, Malcolm To Xunzi PORTAL A–Z Index X X, malcolm to Xunzi. A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. http://www.britac.ac.uk/portal/subjinde1/x1.html

Home Areas Search Feedback ... Policy X X, Malcolm to Xunzi A B C D ... Modern Social Movements (Internet Modern History Sourcebook) x-rays Athena Earth Sciences Resources Xenophon WWW-VL: History - Ancient Greece Perseus Digital Libra ry - Classics Xerxes WWW-VL: History - Ancient Greece Xhosa Language Materials Project Xingu Documentation of Endangered Languages Xunzi Chinese Philosophical Etext Archive This page last edited: 22 January 2004

73. Webcorp -- Malcolm X Speaks! malcolm X Speaks! malcolm X rejected King s nonviolent approach (which called for lots of turning the other cheek) and called for http://www.webcorp.com/civilrights/malcolm.htm

Malcolm X Speaks! Malcolm X rejected King's nonviolent approach (which called for lots of turning the other cheek) and called for the separation of blacks from mainstream society. After a pilgrimage to Mecca, where he saw religious black and white Muslims together in harmony, he adopted a less confrontational approach. The clips here are illustrative of Malcolm's earlier speeches, which are often characterized by provocative rhetoric and violent imagery. RealAudio House Negroes and Field Negroes Concerning Nonviolence A direct response to King(155K WAV) A prediction the result of continued injustice(276K WAV) "...the black masses... are in open revolt" (80 K .au) "the common enemy is the white man." (30.5 K .au) Current conditions in the ghetto (118 K .au) A parable House and Field Negroes (86 K .au) House Negro on separation (133 K .au) The Field Negro (35 K .au) The Field Negro's view (120 K .au) "I'm a Field Negro" (53 K .au) webmaster@webcorp.com

74. Welcome To Webcorp Multimedia! Webcorp Multimedia The clips here are illustrative of malcolm's earlier speeches, which are often http://www.webcorp.com/civilrights/malcomx.htm

75. Malcolm X And A Little Blonde Co-Ed Essay discussing the effect of an incident in the life of Malcom X, and its portrayal in Spike Lee's film. http://www.kevincassell.com/PERSON/CONVERSA/malcolm.html

Malcolm X's Little Blonde Co-Ed She touched his life, but he never knew her name Kevin Cassell In his movie about Malcolm X, Spike Lee flippantly depicts (and hence distorts) a very significant incident that made a long-lasting impression on the slain black leader. In one scene, Malcolm has just given a fiery college speech and is walking away from the platform when a white female college student momentarily blocks his path and asks him what she, as a white person, could do to help the cause of which Malcolm had been speaking. Malcolm abruptly answers her with one word"Nothing"and passes her by. Spike Lee does a disservice to the real Malcolm X by diminishing the importance of the actual incident this brief snippet from his film was based on. Let's take a look at how profoundly Malcolm was affected by the young white college student he rebuffed when she sought his advice. In his autobiography, Malcolm X described the brief encounter he had with "one little blonde co-ed" after giving a speech at her New England college. "I'd never seen anyone I ever spoke before more affected than this little white girl," he wrote (p. 286). This young woman had actually flown to New York after the speech and tracked down Malcolm at the Muslim restaurant he frequented in Harlem. "Her clothes, her carriage, her accent," he wrote, "all showed Deep South breeding and money." She confronted Malcolm and his associates inside the restaurant with the question: "Don't you believe there are any

76. The Wabash College  Malcolm X Institute Of Black Studies The Wabash College malcolm X Institute of Black Studies. culture, affirms its own selfhood, it can never fulfill itself. . malcolm X. http://www.wabash.edu/mxi/home.htm

The Wabash College Malcolm X Institute of Black Studies About Us The X-Position The New Building Calendar of Events ... Wabash College "A race of people is like an individual man; until it uses its own talent, takes pride in its own history, expresses its own culture, affirms its own selfhood, it can never fulfill itself." - Malcolm X

77. Associazione Culturale Malcolm X Translate this page http://www.malcolmx.it/

78. MSN Encarta - Malcolm X Encarta Online Concise malcolm X (1925- 1965), black American leader, born in Omaha, Nebraska, as malcolm Little. http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/refpages/RefArticle.aspx?refid=761552252

79. Biography Search American Rhetoric malcolm X The Ballot or the Bullet (3 April malcolm X The Ballot or the Bullet . The audio version was delivered by malcolm X s Ballot 12 April 1964 in Detroit, Michigan. http://search.biography.com/print_record.pl?id=17275

80. Malcolm X Audio of eight speeches Ballot or the Bullet, The Democrats are Dixiecrats, Racist in Reverse? Black Nationalism Can Set Us Free, The Cure of White's Disease Race War, End Police Brutality, and Don't SitIn, Stand Up. http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/malcolm-x/index.htm

MIA Reference Archive : Malcolm X Ballot or the Bullet April 12, 1964. Detroit, MI. This is a 18:33 minute recording, the file size is 25.5 MB. "I don't believe in fighting today in any one front, but on all fronts. In fact I'm a Black Nationalist Freedom Fighter. Islam is my religion, but I believe my religion is my personal business.... The economic philosophy of Black Nationalism only means that we should own and operate and control the economy of our community." "This government has failed us, the government itself has failed us. The white liberals, who have been posing as our friends, have failed us. Once we see that all these other sources to which we've turned have failed, we stop turning to them and turn to ourselves. We need a self-help program, a do it yourself philosophy, a do it right now philosophy, an it's already too late philosophy. This is what you and I need to get with... Black Nationalism is a self-help philosophy... this is a philosophy that eliminates the necessity for division and argument." The Democrats are Dixicrats This is a 13:07 minute recording, the file size is 18 MB.

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