1. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer (18941967). Toomer s Life and Career On Reapers On November Cotton Flower On Portrait in Georgia On http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/s_z/toomer/toomer.htm

Jean Toomer (1894-1967) Toomer's Life and Career On "Reapers" On "November Cotton Flower" On "Portrait in Georgia" ... External Links Prepared and Compiled by Charles Scruggs Return to Modern American Poetry Home Return to Poets Index

2. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer (18941967). Copyright 1923 by Boni Liveright, renewed 1951 by Jean Toomer. Reproduced by permission of Liveright Publishing Corporation. http://www.nku.edu/~diesmanj/toomer.html

Jean Toomer Cotton Song Evening Song Georgia Dusk Reapers Cotton Song Come, brother, come. Lets lift it; come now, hewit! roll away! Shackles fall upon the Judgment Day But lets not wait for it. God's body's got a soul, Bodies like to roll the soul, Cant blame God if we dont roll, Come, brother, roll, roll! Cotton bales are the fleecy way, Weary sinner's bare feet trod, Softly, softly to the throne of God, "We aint agwine t wait until th Judgment Day! Nassur; nassur, Hump. Eoho, eoho, roll away! We aint agwine to wait until th Judgment Day!" God's body's got a soul, Bodies like to roll the soul, Cant blame God if we dont roll, Come, brother, roll, roll! Evening Song Full moon rising on the waters of my heart, Lakes and moon and fires, Cloine tires, Holding her lips apart. Promises of slumber leaving shore to charm the moon, Miracle made vesper-keeps, Cloine sleeps, And I'll be sleeping soon. Cloine, curled like the sleepy waters whtere the moonwaves start, Radiant, resplendently she gleams

3. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer (18941967). Questions on Blood Burning Moon . Check out the Jean Toomer Pages on the Web. Back to Harlem Renaissance Literature Page http://www.rlc.dcccd.edu/annex/COMM/english/mah8420/JeanToomer.html

Jean Toomer (1894-1967) American writer Jean Toomer inspired many later Harlem Renaissance writers with his passionate and realistic portrayal of black life in the novel Cane (1923). Noted for its poetic and sensitive descriptions, Cane describes people frustrated by their conflicts with social customs and by psychological conflicts within themselves. Cane was published in 1923. A few "important" white people thought it was an extraordinary work. At a time when the best (or popular) novelists, poets, and publishers had fame not unlike the movie and rock stars of today. Toomer was himself of mixed ancestry, claiming a variety of European, African, and even Native American bloodlines. As a result, Toomer long struggled with the issue of race, both personally and professionally. As a man who could successfully "pass" for white, Toomer was a reluctant spokesperson for race conscious artists who were interested in celebrating "blackness." Instead, Toomer envisioned an American identity that would transcend race. Nevertheless, concerns with racial division inform his writing, often in a very specific manner. Questions on "Blood Burning Moon"

4. Toomer Jean American Literature African American Toomer, Jean Cane, Cane Jean Toomer, Darwin T. Turner WW Norton Company. The Collected http://hallamericanclassics.com/store/books_284490_1_Toomer-Jean.html

Hall American Classics :: Store American Literature African American Toomer, Jean Cane Jean Toomer, Darwin T. Turner The Collected Poems of Jean Toomer Jean Toomer, Robert B. Jones, Margery Toomer, Margery T. Latimer Univ of North Carolina Pr Jean Toomer: Selected Essays and Literary Criticism Jean Toomer, Robert B. Jones Univ of Tennessee Pr Essentials Jean Toomer, Rudolph P. Byrd University of Georgia Press The Uncollected Works of American Author Jean Toomer 1894-1967 (Studies in American Literature (Lewiston, N.Y.), V. 58.) Jean Toomer, John Chandler Griffin, Charles Adom Boateng Edwin Mellen Press A Jean Toomer Reader: Selected Unpublished Writings Jean Toomer, Frederik L. Rusch Oxford Univ Pr on Demand The Wayward and the Seeking: A Collection of Writings by Jean Toomer Jean Toomer, Darwin T. Turner Howard Univ Pr The Awakening / Cane / The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn / Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (Package Edition) Kate Chopin, Mark Twain, Jean Toomer, Stephen Crane

5. Poet: Jean Toomer - All Poems Of Jean Toomer Jean Toomer, Who or what was Jean Toomer? http//www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/toomer/jeantoomer.html • site info Jean toomer jean Toomer (1894-1967). http://www.poemhunter.com/jean-toomer/poet-6827/

Poem Hunter .com Home Poets Poems Search ... Contact Us Poets: A B C D ... All Jean Toomer Poems Quotations Comments Resources ... Stats Poems Click the title of the poem you'd like read. A Certain Man A Portrait in Georgia Conversion Cotton Song ... Unsuspecting Quotations "Meanwhile, the men, with vestiges of pomp, Race memories of king and caravan, High-priests, an ostrich, and a juju-man, Go singing through the footpaths of the swamp." "O singers, resinous and soft your songs Above the sacred whisper of the pines, Give virgin lips to cornfield concubines, Bring dreams of Christ to dusky cane-lipped throngs." Comments about Jean Toomer There is no comment submitted by members.. Click here to write your comments about Jean Toomer Web resources about Jean Toomer The JEAN TOOMER PAGES The JEAN TOOMER PAGES. Created May 1996 in honor of the. one hundredth birthday of Jean Toomer . and for my students. Who or what was Jean Toomer http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/toomer/jean-toomer.html • site info Jean Toomer Jean Toomer http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/s_z/toomer/toomer.htm • site info Jean Life and Career. Robert B. Jones. Portrait by Weinold Reiss.

6. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer (1894 1967). a web guide to Jean Toomer from literaryhistory.com. http://www.literaryhistory.com/20thC/Toomer.htm

Jean Toomer (1894 - 1967) a web guide to Jean Toomer from literaryhistory.com main page 20th century outline authors, alphabetical 19th century authors General Articles http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/s_z/toomer/toomer.htm An introduction, plus excerpts of reputable critical discussions of some poems, from the Modern American Poetry Site (Univ. of Illinois). http://www.poets.org/poets/poets.cfm?prmID=72 An introduction to Jean Toomer from the Academy of American Poets. http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap9/toomer.html List of critical articles on Jean Toomer and a short biography, from Dr. Paul Reuben's PAL web site. http://www.accd.edu/sac/english/bailey/aframlit.htm A timeline for African American literature published from 1746 - 1999, by Roger Blackwell Bailey Ph.D. http://www.bluefield.wvnet.edu/library/afamlinks.htm A thorough list of web resources for African American writers and literature from the Bluefield State College Library. Harlem Renaissance http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/harlem/contents.html Reprint of the influential Survey Graphic Harlem Number, 1925, which includes articles on the new scene in Harlem by James Weldon Johnson, W.E.B. DuBois, Countee Cullen, poems by Langston Hughes, Jean Toomer, and Cullen, and more. A project of the Univ. of Virginia electronic text center.

7. Cane Jean Toomer Cane Jean Toomer. Author or Artist Jean Toomer. Title Cane toomer jean Jean Toomer Subject Africa Category History General Format Paperback http://www.isbengineering.co.uk/Jean-Toomer-Cane-975-212-289-5.html

Cane Jean Toomer Author or Artist : Jean Toomer Title: Cane Toomer Jean Jean Toomer Subject: Africa Category: History General Format: Paperback e.e. cummings-ViVa... Loon Hendrik Willem Van-The Story of Mankind... Hart Crane-The Complete Poems of Hart Crane: The Centennial Edition... e.e. cummings-95 Poems... ... Peter G.Van Breemen-God Who Won't Let Go, The...

8. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer 1894 1967. Biography. Jean Toomer s greatest contribution to the Harlem Renaissance, and to American literature in general http://www.wwnorton.com/college/english/naal5/explore/toomer.htm

Jean Toomer Biography Jean Toomer's greatest contribution to the Harlem Renaissance, and to American literature in general, was Cane (1922), an expertly intertwined series of poems, prose sketches, and a play dealing with African Americans and their connection with their folk heritage. Born in Washington, D.C., and raised by his mother and grandfather, Toomer began writing in his mid-twenties after he had abandoned his quest for a college degree. His stories and poems appeared in avant-garde journals like Broom and Prairie as well as the important African American journals such as the Liberator Crisis , and Opportunity . Though a large portion of Cane takes place in the South, Toomer's only prolonged experience in there was a four-month stint as superintendent in a black school in Georgia. Cane 's lyricism and its combined images of rural and urban blacks earned it immediate critical acclaim, but although Toomer continued to write, he never again achieved the success of that one distinctive collection. Explorations Cane (1923) is a complex book; like Eliot's

9. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer Nathan Jean Toomer born, Washington DC. Poet Jean Toomer dies, Doylestown, PA. This son of a Georgia farmer and the daughter http://www.ourgeorgiahistory.com/chronpop/1121

Jean Toomer December 26 Nathan Jean Toomer born, Washington D. C. March 30 Poet Jean Toomer dies, Doylestown, PA This son of a Georgia farmer and the daughter of the first African-American governor in the United States easily passed for white in spite of his black heritage, and lived in both black and white society before he was 18. When he moved to New Rochelle in 1906, he lived in a white neighborhood and attended a white school. Three years later in Washington D.C. he attended an all-black high school. It was while living in Sparta, Georgia as an African-American that Toomer conceived the idea of Cane , a work some compare to Native Son or Invisible Man in its impact on contemporary African-American culture. Toomer went on to become a Quaker, although he continued to write. His death in 1967 came after a long illness. Join us at the Georgia Renaissance Festival fiSearchFormMaxSetId='AX005816'; Return to Index Search these Georgia web sites: About North Georgia Roadside Georgia Our Georgia History Georgia Trails ... Links All of the photographs, graphics and text on Our Georgia History http://ourgeorgiahistory.com

10. Jean Toomer Jean Toomer, Face. home Last updated 2001.11.7. http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~richie/poetry/html/auth46.html

Jean Toomer Face [home] Last updated: 2001.11.7.

11. PAL: Jean Toomer (1894-1967) Chapter 9 Harlem Renaissance jean toomer (1894-1967) Philadelphia University of Pennsylvania Press, 1998. toomer, jean. The Collected Poems of jean toomer http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap9/toomer.html

PAL: Perspectives in American Literature A Research and Reference Guide - An Ongoing Project Paul P. Reuben Chapter 9: Harlem Renaissance - Jean Toomer (1894-1967) Primary Works Selected Bibliography: Books Selected Bibliography: Articles Study Questions ... Home Page Source: Modern American Poetry For many, the literary renaissance in Harlem began with the publication of Toomer's Cane . It was hailed as a masterpiece, as a fresh voice from a very promising young writer. This publication also brought Toomer in contact with other black intellectuals. However, his spiritual quest took him away from race issues; he studied and converted to the spiritual thought of the Russian mystic Georgi Gurdjieff and spent his time lecturing on mystical doctrines. His racial ambivalence and involvement with mysticism could explain his inability to recapture the promise of Cane Primary Works Cane Essentials An Interpretation of Friends Worship The Flavor of Man The Wayward and the Seeking (collection), 1980. Top Selected Bibliography: Books Benson, Brian J., and Mabel M. Dillard.

12. The JEAN TOOMER PAGES The jean toomer PAGES. Created May 1996 in honor of the. one hundredth birthday of jean toomer. and for my students. Who or what was jean toomer? http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/toomer/jean-toomer.html

The JEAN TOOMER PAGES Created May 1996 in honor of the one hundredth birthday of Jean Toomer and for my students. Who or what was Jean Toomer? In my estimation, he was a thinker, a seeker after truth, and a philosopher. Certainly, he was much more than a mere novelist/poet. He was the writer who began the Harlem Renaissance in Literature, the mystic who helped spread Gurdjieff's system in America, and the Black scholar who put new blood into the Religious Society of Friends. Jean Toomer Biography "We learn the rope of life by untying its knots." Jean Toomer's Poetry Jean Toomer's Stories Photographs Toomer Bibliography my motivation aim References ... related pages visitors. prize.

13. Mr. Africa Poetry Lounge Jean Toomer Brief biography and ten of toomer's poems. http://www.ctadams.com/jeantoomer.html

14. The San Antonio College LitWeb Jean Toomer Page Portrait and concise bibliography. http://www.accd.edu/sac/english/bailey/toomer.htm

The Jean Toomer Page Major Works A Jean Toomer Reader: Selected Unpublished Writings was edited by Frederick L. Rusch. Oxford ,1993.Also see The Wayward and the Seeking: A Collection of Writings by Jean Toomer . Edited by Darwin T. Turner. Howard, 1980. Cane ( 1923 ). Reprint with an introduction by Darwin Turner. Liveright, 1975. Essentials The Blue Meridian The Collected Poems of Jean Toomer . Edited by Robert B. Jones and Margery Toomer Latimer. North Carolina, 1988. About Jean Toomer Brian Benson and Mabel M. Dillard, Jean Toomer . Twayne, 1980. Nellie M. McKay, Jean Toomer, Artist: A Study of His Literary Life and Work, 1894-1936 . North Carolina, 1984. Therman B. O'Daniel, Jean Toomer: A Critical Evaluation . Howard, 1988. PAL: JT . Biographical sketch, bibliography. A Jean Toomer Page . Good place to look. Back to African American Literature Back to American Literature II

15. Toomer, Jean Short biographical article on the American poet and novelist. http://search.eb.com/blackhistory/micro/598/77.html

Toomer, Jean Toomer (right) with his wife, Margery Latimer, 1932 UPI/Corbis-Bettmann (b. Dec. 26, 1894, Washington, D.C.d. March 30, 1967), American poet and novelist. After attending the University of Wisconsin and the City College of New York, Toomer taught briefly in the Sparta, Ga., public schools and then turned to lecturing and writing. Cane (1923; reprinted 1967) is an experimental novel which celebrates the Negro through the symbol of the title. It is considered his best work. Toomer also wrote extensively for the Dial and other little magazines and was the author of several experimental plays. In 1926 he attended the Gurdjieff Institute in France, dedicated to the expansion of consciousness and meditation, and upon his return led Gurdjieff groups in Harlem and Chicago in the late 1920s and early '30s. He began a similar institution in Portage, Wis., in 1931. Although influential on black writers, only since his death has he been recognized as a writer of note, primarily for Cane.

16. Jean Toomer's Life And Career jean toomer s Life and Career. Robert B. Jones. Portrait by Weinold Reiss. jean toomer (26 Dec. 189430 Mar. 1967), writer and http://www.english.uiuc.edu/maps/poets/s_z/toomer/life.htm

Jean Toomer's Life and Career Robert B. Jones Portrait by Weinold Reiss J When his mother remarried in 1906, the family moved to New Rochelle, New York, where they lived in a white neighborhood and he attended an all-white school. Toomer returned to Washington in 1909, following the death of his mother, and attended the all-black Dunbar High School. After graduation in 1914, he renounced racial classifications and sought to live not as a member of any racial group but as an American. Cane . Toomer eventually became friends with many literary critics and luminaries, including Hart Crane, Sherwood Anderson, Malcolm Cowley, and Alfred Stieglitz. Between 1918 and 1923 Toomer wrote the short stories "Bona and Paul" and "Withered Skin of Berries," the plays Natalie Mann (1922) and Balo (1922), and many poems such as "Five Vignettes," "Skyline," "Poem in C," "Gum," "Banking Coal," and "The First American." The urtext for both "Brown River Smile" and The Blue Meridian , "The First American" was a lyrical expression of his racial and democratic idealism.

17. Heath Anthology Of American Literature 4/e Jean Toomer - Author Page Biography of the writer. http://college.hmco.com/english/lauter/heath/4e/students/author_pages/modern/too

Site Orientation Heath Orientation Timeline Access Author Profile Pages by: Fourth Edition Table of Contents Concise Edition Table of Contents Authors by Name Authors by Year ... Internet Research Guide Textbook Site for: The Heath Anthology of American Literature , Fourth Edition Paul Lauter, General Editor Jean Toomer Born and raised in Washington, D.C., Nathan Eugene Toomer was the only child of Nina Pinchback, and her husband, Nathan Toomer. Soon after his son’s birth, however, Nathan, Sr., disappeared, and Nina was forced, through economic need, to return to live with her father, Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback, who had been a controversial figure in Louisiana Reconstruction politics. She remarried in 1906 and took her son with her to New Rochelle, New York. Following her untimely death in 1909, Toomer returned to Washington and remained there until he left for college in 1914. Thereafter, intermittently, he lived for varying periods of time with his grandparents, until their deaths in the 1920s. As a young man, Jean Toomer took a long time choosing a profession. He attended six separate institutions of higher education, but never graduated. However, even as a child, he enjoyed literature, and as early as when he lived in New York, he attempted to write. In 1919 he made up his mind to pursue a literary career.

18. Jean Toomer - The Academy Of American Poets Biography, photograph, and selected poems. http://www.poets.org/LIT/poet/jtoomfst.htm

poetry awards poetry month poetry exhibits poetry map ... about the academy Search Larger Type Find a Poet Find a Poem Listening Booth ... Add to a Notebook Jean Toomer Jean Toomer was born in 1894 in Washington, D.C, the son of a Georgian farmer. Though he passed for white during certain periods of his life, he was raised in a predominantly black community and attended black high schools. In 1914, he began college at the University of Wisconsin but transferred to the College of the City of New York and studied there until 1917. Toomer spent the next four years writing and published poetry and prose in Broom The Liberator The Little Review and others. He actively participated in literary society and was acquainted with such prominent figures as the critic Kenneth Burke, the photographer Alfred Steiglitz and the poet Hart Crane . In 1921, Toomer took a teaching job in Georgia and remained there four months; the trip represented his journey back to his Southern roots. His experience inspired his book Cane , a book of prose poetry describing the Georgian people and landscape. In the early twenties, Toomer became interested in Unitism, a religion founded by the Armenian George Ivanovich Gurdjieff. The doctrine taught unity, transcendence and mastery of self through yoga: all of which appealed to Toomer, a light-skinned black man preoccupied with establishing an identity in a society of rigid race distinctions. He began to preach the teachings of Gurdjieff in Harlem and later moved downtown into the white community. From there, he moved to Chicago to create a new branch of followers. Toomer was married twice to wives who were white, and was criticized by the black community for leaving Harlem and rejecting his roots for a life in the white world; however, he saw himself as an individual living above the boundaries of race. His meditations center around his longing for racial unity, as illustrated by his long poem "Blue Meridian." He died in 1967.

19. Jean Toomer Biography A jean toomer Biography. by Scott W. Williams. CONTENTS of this page. 1. jean toomer s Origins, 6. Millhouse. visitors. prize. web site The jean toomer Pages. http://www.math.buffalo.edu/~sww/toomer/toomerbio.html

A Jean Toomer Biography by Scott W. Williams CONTENTS - of this page Jean Toomer's Origins Millhouse Cane Toomer ... References visitors. prize. web site: The Jean Toomer Pages Jean Toomer Biography Jean Toomer stories Jean Toomer's Poetry ... references and bibliography Photographs LINKS aim for creatinmg these pages 1. origins and early years Jean Toomer's family was not typical of migrating African-Americans settling in the North, or fleeing the South. Each of his maternal grandparents were born of a caucasian father. But a " speck of Black makes you Black ." Thus, Toomer's grandfather, Pinckney Benton Stewart Pinchback, was a free born black, a Union officer in the Civil War and was elected to the office of Lieutenant Governor and later Acting Governor of Louisiana during Reconstruction. Pinchback retired north and settled his family in the Negro community of the capitol. Thus, Toomer was born, as Nathan Pinchback Toomer into an upper class Negro family in Washington D.C. on December 26, 1894. Shortly after Toomer's birth, his caucasion father

20. Toomer, Jean toomer, jean. toomer (right) with his wife, Margery Latimer, 1932. UPI/CorbisBettmann ( b. Dec. 26, 1894, Washington, D.C.d. March 30, 1967), American poet and novelist. attending the University of Wisconsin and the City College of New York, toomer taught briefly in the Sparta, Ga http://www.britannica.com/blackhistory/micro/598/77.html

Toomer, Jean Toomer (right) with his wife, Margery Latimer, 1932 UPI/Corbis-Bettmann (b. Dec. 26, 1894, Washington, D.C.d. March 30, 1967), American poet and novelist. After attending the University of Wisconsin and the City College of New York, Toomer taught briefly in the Sparta, Ga., public schools and then turned to lecturing and writing. Cane (1923; reprinted 1967) is an experimental novel which celebrates the Negro through the symbol of the title. It is considered his best work. Toomer also wrote extensively for the Dial and other little magazines and was the author of several experimental plays. In 1926 he attended the Gurdjieff Institute in France, dedicated to the expansion of consciousness and meditation, and upon his return led Gurdjieff groups in Harlem and Chicago in the late 1920s and early '30s. He began a similar institution in Portage, Wis., in 1931. Although influential on black writers, only since his death has he been recognized as a writer of note, primarily for Cane.

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