21. ThinkQuest : Library : Stamp On Black History Introduces the black intellectual and civil rights leader best known for his contributions to the world of literature. http://library.thinkquest.org/10320/JWJohn.htm

Index United States Civil Rights Stamp on Black History This excellent site lists all of the black Americans on stamps, both alphabetically and by subject areas, and includes a biography of each person. It also gives a history of the postage stamp, offers advice on stamp collecting, and includes a fantastic games and activities area for classrooms. A tour of black history, from 300 to the present, is also included. Visit Site 1997 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Languages English Students George Alice Deal Junior High School, Washington, DC, United States Charles L. Riverdale Baptist School, Upper Marlboro, MD, United States Tony DeMatha Catholic High School, Hyattsville, MD, United States Coaches Donna Alice Deal Junior High School, Washington, DC, United States Roland Riverdale Baptist School, Upper Marlboro, MD, United States Tom DeMatha Catholic High School, Hyattsville, MD, United States Want to build a ThinkQuest site? The ThinkQuest site above is one of thousands of educational web sites built by students from around the world. Click here to learn how you can build a ThinkQuest site.

22. James Weldon Johnson - The Academy Of American Poets The Academy of American Poets presents a biography, photograph, and selected poems. http://www.poets.org/LIT/poet/jwjohfst.htm

poetry awards poetry month poetry exhibits poetry map ... about the academy Search Larger Type Find a Poet Find a Poem Listening Booth ... Add to a Notebook James Weldon Johnson James Weldon Johnson was born in 1871 in Jacksonville, Florida. He was encouraged to study English literature and the European musical tradition. He attended Atlanta University with the intention that the education he received there would be used to further the interests of the black people. After graduation, he took a job as a high school principal in Jacksonville. In 1900, he wrote the song "Lift Ev'ry Voice and Sing" on the occasion of Lincoln's birthday; the song which became immensely popular in the black community and became known as the "Negro National Anthem." Johnson moved to New York in 1901 to collaborate with his brother Rosamond, a composer, and attained some success as a songwriter for Broadway, but decided to take a job as U.S. Consul to Venezuela in 1906. While employed by the diplomatic corps, Johnson had poems published in the Century Magazine and The Independent In 1912, Johnson published

23. The Book Of American Negro Poetry - James Weldon Johnson james weldon johnson's 1922 anthology of poems from the start of the Harlem Renaissance. http://www.boondocksnet.com/editions/anp/index.html

BoondocksNet Editions Edited by Jim Zwick Author Index Title Index Discussion ... Book Store Search Search this Book Oriental Rugs The Book of American Negro Poetry Chosen and Edited with an Essay on The Negro's Creative Genius By James Weldon Johnson Author of "Fifty Years and Other Poems" New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1922 BoondocksNet Edition, 2001 Contents Preface: The Negro's Creative Genius Paul Laurence Dunbar A Negro Love Song Little Brown Baby Ships That Pass in the Night Lover's Lane ... A Death Song James Edwin Campbell Negro Serenade De Cunjah Man Uncle Eph's Banjo Song Ol' Doc' Hyar ... Compensation James D. Corrothers At the Closed Gate of Justice Paul Laurence Dunbar The Negro Singer The Road to the Bow ... Dream and the Song Daniel Webster Davis 'Weh Down Souf Hog Meat William H. A. Moore Dusk Song It Was Not Fate W. E. Burghardt Du Bois A Litany of Atlanta George Marion McClellan Dogwood Blossoms A Butterfly in Church The Hills of Sewanee The Feet of Judas William Stanley Braithwaite Sandy Star and Willie Gee I. Sculptured Worship II. Laughing It Out

24. The Haiti-Santo Domingo Independence Society History of the organization formed in 1921 to end the U.S. military occupations of Haiti and Santo Domingo. Includes essays by james weldon johnson and others involved in the movement. http://www.boondocksnet.com/ail/haiti_sd_soc.html

History Literature Essays Platforms ... Discussion Search Women's History Posters Celebrate Women's History Month. The Haiti-Santo Domingo Independence Society By Jim Zwick The Haiti-Santo Domingo Independence Society (Oct. 1921) Officers: Moorfield Storey , Chairman James Weldon Johnson , Vice-Chairman Helena Hill Weed , Secretary Robert Herrick, Treasurer Lewis S. Gannett , Asst. Treasurer Advisory Council: Felix Adler Ernest Angell Mrs. John Winters Brannan Henry Sloane Coffin, D.D. Albert DeSilver Ernest H. Gruening Francis Hackett Donald R. Hooker, M.D. Mrs. Edith Houghton Hooker Mrs. Charles E. Knoblauch Paul Kennaday Ben B. Lindsey Robert Morss Lovett Rt. Rev. Francis J. McConnell James G. MacDonald John E. Milholland Jessie Morris Mary White Ovington John A. Ryan, D.D. Herbert J. Seligmann Theodore Sutro Oswald Garrison Villard Sue S. White L. Hollingsworth Wood T he Haiti-Santo Domingo Independence Society grew out of concerns within both the Anti-Imperialist League and the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) about the U.S. Marine occupations of those countries. Its officers and advisory committee included people from both organizations, and it was centered around The Nation

25. James Weldon Johnson - The Academy Of American Poets james weldon johnson The Academy of American Poets presents biographies, photographs, selected poems, and links as part of its online poetry exhibits. http://www.poets.org/poets/poets.cfm?prmID=73

26. Johnson, James Weldon SOUL GOSPEL. GOSPEL. DELTA BLUES. CHRISTIAN BESTSELLERS. SELECTED ARTISTS/WRITERS. African American Christian Fiction. johnson, james weldon johnson, james weldon. Born james William johnson in http://mrsescollectables.virtualave.net/weldon.htm

HOME SOUL GOSPEL GOSPEL DELTA BLUES ... African American Christian Fiction Johnson, James Weldon A, B, C, D.. E.

27. James Weldon Johnson - The Academy Of American Poets james weldon johnson The Creation. Find a Poem james weldon johnson Support this site Send this link to a friend. Add to a Notebook. http://www.poets.org/poems/Poems.cfm?prmID=1443

28. Self-Determining Haiti - The American Occupation - James Weldon Johnson Fourpart essay by james weldon johnson about conditions in Haiti during the U.S. Occupation from 1915-1934, first published in The Nation in 1920. http://www.boondocksnet.com/ailtexts/johnson200828.html

History Literature Essays Platforms ... Discussion Search Women's History Posters Celebrate Women's History Month. Self-Determining Haiti I. The American Occupation By James Weldon Johnson The Nation 111 (Aug. 28, 1920). T Before any further discussion of the Fuller project between the two governments, political incidents in Haiti led rapidly to the events of July 27 and 28. On July 27 President Guillaume fled to the French Legation, and on the same day took place a massacre of the political prisoners in the prison at Port-au-Prince. On the morning of July 28 President Guillaume was forcibly taken from French Legation and killed. On the afternoon of July 28 an American man-of-war dropped anchor in the harbor of Port-au-Prince and landed American forces. It should be borne in mind that through all of this the life of not a single American citizen had been taken or jeopardized. The balking of the assembly resulted in its being dissolved by actual military force and the locking of doors of the Chamber. There has been no Haitian legislative body since. The desired constitution was submitted to a plebiscite by a decree of the President, although such a method of constitutional revision was clearly unconstitutional. Under the circumstances of the Occupation the plebiscite was, of course, almost unanimous for the desired change, and the new constitution was promulgated on June 18, 1918. Thus Haiti was given a new constitution by a flagrantly unconstitutional method. The new document contains several fundamental changes and includes a "Special Article" which declares:

29. Arts And Entertainment Directory: Johnson, James Weldon Arts and Entertainment Directory johnson, james weldon, including ArtsandEntertainment.us. johnson, james weldon. HomesTop Arts Literature Fourpart essay by james weldon johnson about http://artsandentertainment.us/directory/Top/Arts/Literature/Authors/J/Johnson,

Arts and Entertainment Directory ArtsandEntertainment.us Johnson, James Weldon Homes Top Arts Literature ... J Johnson, James Weldon LINKS James Weldon Johnson http://www.poets.org/LIT/poet/jwjohfst.htm 'The Academy of American Poets presents a biography, photograph, and selected poems.' James Weldon Johnson, 1871-1938 http://www.sc.edu/library/spcoll/amlit/johnson/johnson.html 'An extensive exhibit of Johnson's works, including a biography and links to texts and educational resources.' Self-Determining Haiti http://www.boondocksnet.com/ailtexts/johnson200828.html Four-part essay by James Weldon Johnson about conditions in Haiti during the U.S. Occupation from 1915-1934, first published in The Nation in 1920. Seven Poems By James Weldon Johnson http://www.nku.edu/~diesmanj/johnson.html Etext at Jil Diesman's Harlem Renaissance page. Complete etext at the Humanities Text Initiative American Verse Collection. Perspectives In American Literature: Research And Reference Guide http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap9/jwjohnson.html Bibliography of Johnson's works and literary criticism of them.

30. Reader's Companion To American History - -JOHNSON, JAMES WELDON johnson, james weldon. james weldon johnson, Along This Way (1933; reprint, 1961); Eugene D. Levy, james weldon johnson Black Leader, Black Voice (1973). http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_048100_johnsonjames.htm

Entries Publication Data Advisory Board Contributors ... World Civilizations The Reader's Companion to American History JOHNSON, JAMES WELDON , writer, civil rights leader, and promoter of African-American arts. Johnson was a central figure in the development of African-American cultural and political life during the first part of the twentieth century. He played a major role in articulating goals, devising strategies, and organizing constituencies in the struggle for racial equality. After graduating from Atlanta University in 1894, he forged an amazing patchwork of pursuits into a brilliant career. Johnson's ideas and actions—often contradictory and inconsistent—reflected his ambivalent, complex personality. A product of the black middle class, he was widely traveled and multilingual. He expanded educational opportunities for blacks in his native Jacksonville, Florida, and taught in Harlem and at Fisk University. His training in law helped prepare him for tours as U.S. consul to Venezuela and Nicaragua (1906-1912) and equipped him for distinguished leadership (1916-1930) in the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People ( naacp As naacp field secretary (1916-1920), Johnson worked tirelessly to increase the group's membership and expand its geographic representation, transforming a fledgling interracial civil rights group into a visible, vocal, and credible national force. His investigations of lynchings, peonage, and race riots raised public awareness and won the attention of national leaders. During Johnson's tenure as

31. Great American History Fact-Finder - -Johnson, James Weldon The Great American History FactFinder. johnson, james weldon. (1871-1938), black writer, lawyer, and diplomat. A leader in the Harlem http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/gahff/html/ff_102300_johnsonjames.ht

Entries Publication Data Dedication Advisory Board ... World Civilizations The Great American History Fact-Finder Johnson, James Weldon , black writer, lawyer, and diplomat. A leader in the Harlem Renaissance of the 1920s, Johnson wrote and compiled anthologies of black American poetry and songs, including "Lift Every Voice and Sing," as well as novels such as The Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man . The first black to be admitted to the Florida bar in 1897, Johnson was a founder and secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People NAACP ). He served under Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft as a consul in Venezuela and Nicaragua. Site Map I Partners I Press Releases I Company Home I Contact Us Terms and Conditions of Use Privacy Statement , and Trademark Information

32. Gale - Free Resources - Poet's Corner - Biographies - Ames Weldon Johnson james weldon johnson. Read his poem The Creation . (18711938) Nationality American Career Poet, novelist, journalist, song writer http://www.galegroup.com/free_resources/poets/bio/johnson_j.htm

Quick Title Search Press Room About Us Contact Us Site Map ... Browse Our Catalog document.write(url); Free Resources Reference Reviews Marketing for Libraries Black History Month ... Women's History Month James Weldon Johnson Read his poem "The Creation" Nationality: American Career: Poet, novelist, journalist, song writer, attorney, educator, and diplomat In 1894 Johnson was appointed a teacher and principal of the Stanton School and expanded the curriculum to include high school-level classes. He also became an active local spokesman on black social and political issues and in 1895 founded the Daily American W. E. B. Du Bois and Booker T. Washington . Around this time Johnson also read law with the help of a local white lawyer, and in 1898 he became the first black lawyer admitted to the Florida Bar since Reconstruction. Johnson practiced law in Jacksonville for several years in partnership with a former Atlanta University classmate while continuing to serve as the principal of the Stanton School. He also continued to write poetry and discovered a talent for songwriting, which he pursued in collaboration with his brother. Booker T. Washington

33. James Weldon Johnson - Top 50 Most Important Floridians Of The 20th Century james weldon johnson chronicled the spirituality and traditions of AfricanAmerican culture as he helped transform it. Words were his weapons. http://www.theledger.com/static/top50/pages/johnson.html

Choose an individual Reubin Askew C.D. Atkins Ed Ball Red Barber Rosemary Barkett Mary McLeod Bethune Bobby Bowden Napoleon Bonaparte Broward Jimmy Buffett Ray Charles Lawton Chiles Barron Collier LeRoy Collins Davis Bros. Marjory Stoneman Douglas Alfred duPont Jessie Ball duPont Jack Eckerd Thomas Edison Carl Fisher Henry Flagler Jake Gaither Bob Graham Ben Hill Griffin Jr. Ernest Hemingway Spessard Holland Zora Neale Hurston Daniel "Chappie" James George Jenkins May Mann Jennings James Weldon Johnson John S. Knight Lykes Brothers Louis MacDowell George Merrick Addison Mizner Ed Moore Allen Morris Claude Pepper Dick Pope Sr. Nelson Poynter Sam Proctor Marjorie Kinan Rawlings Janet Reno Burt Reynolds Eddie Rickenbacker John Ringling Don Shula Chesterfield Smith C.K. Steele Charlton Tebeau James Van Fleet Babe Didrikson Zaharias Honorable Mentions James Weldon Johnson chronicled the spirituality and traditions of African-American culture as he helped transform it. Words were his weapons. With them, he battled discrimination while holding blacks accountable for their own destiny. Born in 1871 in Jacksonville, son of a teacher and a headwaiter, Johnson was a versatile man who embraced many fields: novelist, diplomat, ball player, publisher, poet, lawyer.

34. Jass.com: Bob Cole, J. Rosamond Johnson, And James Weldon Johnson Bob Cole, J. Rosamond johnson, and james weldon johnson Copyrighted 1992, 2000 by Thomas L Morgan. james weldon johnson died on June 26, 1938. http://www.jass.com/c&j.html

Bob Cole, J. Rosamond Johnson, and James Weldon Johnson 1992, 2000 by Thomas L Morgan B ob Cole was born in Athens, Georgia, on July 1, 1868. His earliest published songs were issued in 1893, and one of his earliest stage jobs was with Sam T. Jack's Creole Show , the first African-American show to break from the strict minstrel tradition of all male performers. Cole also performed as an actor and directed the All Star Stock Company at Worth's Museum in New York, the first such company organized by African-Americans. When he was 27 years old and performing with Black Patti's Troubadours, Cole was engaged by the Troubadours' producers to write an entire show with Billy Johnson, his first collaborator. After a dispute over ownership of his music, Cole and Johnson left to organize Cole's own company. Elaborating on his early short sketches, he created a full-length musical which was performed off-Broadway in New York's Third Avenue Theater during the 1898-99 season. A Trip To Coontown was the first musical entirely written, performed, produced, and owned by African-Americans. Unlike other black entertainments of the time, Cole's production had a book and lyrics that could sustain a dramatic subplot. After the show closed, Cole and Billy Johnson broke off their working relationship, and Cole met the two men with whom he was to create his most successful songs.

35. James Weldon Johnson Not just an influential and notable novelist, poet, and songwriter, james weldon johnson, was a lawyer, a United States consul in a foreign nation, and served http://afroamhistory.about.com/cs/jameswjohnson/p/bio_johnson_jw.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History African-American History People ... Timelines zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Abolition Movement People Black Celebrations Black Codes ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About African-American History newsletter. Search African-American History Email to a friend Print this page Stay Current Subscribe to the About African-American History newsletter. Suggested Reading James Weldon Johnson James Weldon Johnson: Selected Bibliography Harlem Renaissance Elsewhere on the Web James Weldon Johnson Poems Gale Group: James Weldon Johnson Most Popular Jim Crow Laws The Black Codes of 1865 Photographs of African Americans Creation of the Jim Crow South ... Civil Rights Movement - Photographs What's Hot Women's History Month - Black Women Sojourner Truth 1867 Speech Ku Klux Klan Remembering the Career of Ethel Waters James Weldon Johnson From Jessica McElrath Your Guide to African-American History Dates: About James Weldon Johnson: While in New York, Johnson also became involved in politics. In 1904, he served as treasurer for the Colored Republican Club. In 1906, the Roosevelt Administration appointed Johnson as the United States consul in Puerto Cabello, Venezuela. In 1909, he served as consul in Corinto, Nicaragua until 1913. In addition to his service as consul, during this time, Johnson anonymously published his novel

36. James Weldon Johnson james weldon johnson Guide picks. Biographies and other resources about james weldon johnson, a poet and writer. james weldon johnson Selected poems by johnson. http://afroamhistory.about.com/cs/jameswjohnson/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About History African-American History People ... Timelines zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); Abolition Movement People Black Celebrations Black Codes ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Stay Current Subscribe to the About African-American History newsletter. Search African-American History James Weldon Johnson Biographies and other resources about James Weldon Johnson, a poet and writer. Alphabetical Recent Up a category Biography: James Weldon Johnson Not just an influential and notable novelist, poet, and songwriter, James Weldon Johnson, was a lawyer, a United States consul in a foreign nation, and served an important role in combating racism through his position in the NAACP. Topic Index email to a friend back to top Our Story ... User Agreement

37. Johnson, James Weldon johnson, james weldon. johnson, james weldon, 1871–1938, American author, b. Jacksonville, Fla., educated at Atlanta Univ. (BA, 1894) and at Columbia. http://www.infoplease.com/cgi-bin/id/CE027153.html

HOTWORDS CITE PRINT EMAIL in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Home Almanacs Atlas Dictionary ... Memorial Day Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map Also from Infoplease Search Infoplease Info search tips Search Biographies Bio search tips Encyclopedia Johnson, James Weldon Johnson, James Weldon, Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man (1912), published anonymously, caused a great stir and was republished under his name in 1927. Among his other works are the words to Lift Every Voice and Sing (1900, repr. 1993), which has been called the African-American national anthem, God's Trombones (1927), African-American sermons in verse, and Black Manhattan (1930). He wrote songs with his brother, John Rosamond Johnson See his autobiography, Along This Way (1933, repr. 1973); study by E. Levy (1973). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, Johnson, Jack Johnson, John Albert Related content from HighBeam Research on: James Weldon Johnson Irony and subversion in James Weldon Johnson's 'The Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man'. (Studies in American Fiction) Jacksonville's Native Son.(James Weldon Johnson)(Brief Article)

38. James Weldon Johnson (1871-1938) In the index, the entry johnson, james weldon is a reference guide in chronological order that gives the chance to examine items of choice. http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/bassr/heath/syllabuild/iguide/johnson.html

James Weldon Johnson (1871-1938) Contributing Editor: Arthenia J. Bates Millican Classroom Issues and Strategies Next to James Weldon Johnson's name and date of birth in a biosketch is the familiar catalog of his accomplishments as educator, journalist, lawyer, composer, librettist, poet, novelist, editor, social historian, literary critic, diplomat, fighter for the rights of his people and the rights of all. Yet, he is remembered today, almost exclusively, as the author of "Lift Every Voice and Sing"; and to some degree as the author of the "Creation," the first sermon in God's Trombones One mythic error is still in vogue for the less ardent studentand that is the indictment leveled against the author who "talks black" but who was never really given to the black ethos. This accusation comes as an error of identification. Some students assume that Johnson himself is the protagonist of the novel, The Autobiography of an Ex-colored Man . Actually, the author's friend, "D_," Douglas Wetmore, is model for the protagonist. Thus, one encounters the problem of coping with an author with name popularity, but who is not known despite his myriad contributions to American and African-American literary culture. The writer can best be made accessible to students, first, by introducing

39. Jacksonville's Native Son. Florida History & The Arts Magazine This February marks the 100th anniversary of Lift Every Voice and Sing, james weldon johnson’s remarkable poem about the struggles, courage, and survival of http://www.flheritage.com/magazine/nativeson.html

This February marks the 100th anniversary of Lift Every Voice and Sing, James Weldon Johnson’s remarkable poem about the struggles, courage, and survival of African Americans. Set to music by the poet’s brother Rosamond, the song was first performed by five hundred schoolchildren in Jacksonville on February 12, 1900. Although the brothers created Lift Every Voice and Sing to be performed at a local celebration of the birthday of Abraham Lincoln, the schoolchildren of Jacksonville continued to sing the song long after the event. Within twenty years, the song had spread across the South, and later became adopted by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People as the Negro National Anthem. But in addition to being a poet and songwriter, Johnson was also a civil rights activist and educator. He studied law during his tenure as a principal at Jacksonville’s Stanton High School and became the first African American to pass the bar exam in Florida. Jacksonville’s native son later went on to become an active member of New York’s Harlem Renaissance. James Weldon Johnson was born on June 17, 1871, in a middle-class cottage in Jacksonville’s LaVilla neighborhood. His father was the headwaiter at the St. James Hotel, for many years one of the most fashionable of Florida’s resort hotels, while his mother was the first female African American public school teacher in the state.

40. Johnson, James Weldon johnson, james weldon. johnson. Brown Brothers. (b. June 17, 1871, Jacksonville, Fla., USd. June 26, 1938, Wiscasset, Maine), poet http://search.eb.com/blackhistory/micro/305/35.html

Johnson, James Weldon Johnson Brown Brothers (b. June 17, 1871, Jacksonville, Fla., U.S.d. June 26, 1938, Wiscasset, Maine), poet, diplomat, and anthologist of black culture. Trained in music and other subjects by his mother, a schoolteacher, Johnson graduated from Atlanta University with A.B. (1894) and M.A. (1904) degrees and later studied at Columbia. For several years he was principal of the black high school in Jacksonville, Fla. He read law at the same time, was admitted to the Florida bar in 1897, and began practicing there. During this period, he and his brother, John Rosamond Johnson (1873-1954), a composer, began writing songs, including "Lift Every Voice and Sing," based on James's 1900 poem of the same name, which became something of a national anthem to many African-Americans. In 1901 the two went to New York, where they wrote some 200 songs for the Broadway musical stage. In 1906 President Theodore Roosevelt appointed him U.S. consul to Puerto Cabello, Venezuela, and in 1909 he became consul in Corinto, Nicaragua, where he served until 1914. He later taught at Fisk University. Meanwhile, he began writing a novel, Autobiography of an Ex-Coloured Man (published anonymously, 1912), which attracted little attention until it was reissued under his own name in 1927. From 1916 Johnson was a leader in the

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