81. Historical Causation In Herodotus Senior Honors Thesis, Tulane University Historical Causation in herodotusCarol Abernathy. The ancients themselves criticized herodotus methods. http://www.tulane.edu/~august/thescla.htm

Kenneth W. Harl, Ph.D. History/Classics 700 Senior Honors Thesis, Tulane University Historical Causation in Herodotus Carol Abernathy directed by Professor Dennis P. Kehoe, Department of Classics It is perhaps appropriate that Herodotus, intent as he was on recording the first, the biggest, and the best, and "other great and wondrous deeds," was accorded a superlative of his own, namely the father of history. Rambling and myopic in his obsession with detail, Herodotus seems to the incautious reader to do little to earn this accolade. In contrast to modern historians, Herodotus appears to include little analysis in his narrative and to draw few conclusions from his material. The ancients themselves criticized Herodotus' methods. Thucydides (I. 21)snidely dismissed his predecessor by refusing to include to mythodes , "mythical lore," in his history of the Peloponnesian War. Aristotle is well known for giving Herodotus the title "father of history," but in his Poetics it is clear Aristotle meant this honor as a dubious one. Aristotle relegates Herodotus to the company not of historians in the modern sense but rather of mere chroniclers. He intimates that the creative process, poiesis , is lacking in Herodotus and in history in general so that "poetry is something more philosophic and of graver import than history, since its statements are of the nature rather of universals, whereas those of history are singulars" ( Poetics 51a36). Aristotle set the academic approach to Herodotus for centuries. Scholars, even though fascinated by the wealth of information in the

82. Enchanté: The Journal For The Urbane Pagan below.}. Contact Information. Write us at Enchanté PO Box 735 NewYork, NY 100140702. Or send e-mail to enchante@herodotus.com. http://www.herodotus.com/

Enchanté: The Journal for the Urbane Pagan , founded in 1989, is a literary magazine for Witches, Pagans and anyone interested in Earth-based spiritualities. not Enchanté Enchanté Drawing Down the Moon O UR C URRENT I SSUE! Available right now wherever fine Pagan magazines are sold! The long-awaited "Songs of the TechnoPagans" issue! For a sampling of the articles, essays, songs, commentary and general madcap of our issue #24, click on Kaija Berleman's fabulous collage on the front cover at the left. Contact Information Write us at: Enchanté P.O. Box 735 New York, NY 10014-0702 Or send e-mail to: enchante@herodotus.com Sample copies of the magazine are available absolutely free! (Enclose check for $6 made out to John Yohalem/ Enchanté . Covers postage, handling, the NYTimes and a cappuccino.) Noted Pagan High Priest pictured at right (with accompanying Isian colleague), as shown recently in a photograph by Sylvia Plachy in the special Spirituality supplement of the Village Voice . And they do look distingué, do they not?

83. Herodotus: A Who2 Profile herodotus • Historian. herodotus is The herodotus Website Scholarly fansite for the old boy; an excellent starting place, Encarta herodotus http://www.who2.com/herodotus.html

HERODOTUS Historian Herodotus is often called "The Father of History." He was among the first to approach the reporting of history in a logical and skeptical way; he tried to separate true events from myth and made a point of identifying and commenting on his sources. It didn't hurt that he was a colorful writer and commentator; his most famous work, The Histories, remains a widely-read account of the Persian invasion of ancient Greece. (It's the main source for details on the famous battles at Marathon and Thermopylae.) Ironically, the details of Herodotus' own life are unclear. He is believed to have been born at Halicarnassus, on the Aegean Sea in Asia Minor, and to have travelled widely, collecting and recording stories as he went. The Persian king Xerxes figures prominently in The Histories ... Other ancient scribes include Homer Aesop Plutarch and Virgil The Herodotus Website Scholarly fan site for the old boy; an excellent starting place Encarta: Herodotus Crackerjack summing-up of the man and his work Herodotus' Conception of Foreign Languages Whew! Dense, academic detail on the historian's approach

84. Selections From Herodotus In Greek, W. Walter Merry Selections From herodotus in Greek by W. Walter Merry. Download SelectionsFrom herodotus in Greek Free. Open PDF in your browser. http://www.textkit.com/learn/ID/146/author_id/67/

Home Learn Ancient Greek Learn Latin Classical E-Books ... newsletter Selections From Herodotus in Greek by W. Walter Merry Selections From Herodotus by W. Walter Merry is an excellent introduction into reading Herodotus in Greek. This Greek reader provides passages of interest to the reader with ample notes in the appendix. Download Selections From Herodotus in Greek Free Open PDF in your browser. (124 pages) Download PDF to your computer. (124 pages) Difficulty: Intermediate Pages: File Size: 4.3 MB Attention: Textkit PDFs require Acrobat Reader 5.0 or higher Explore suggested Textkit books for use with Selections From Herodotus in Greek The History , Herodotus Are you happy to find full length, free of charge, public domain Greek and Latin grammars, readers and classical e-books available for download? Then support Textkit! subscribe to our newsletter register and participate in our Greek and Latin Forum suggest Textkit to your friends, colleagues and favorite web sites

85. Herodotus - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia herodotus Histories (excerpts)Back to philosophy page. herodotus Histories (excerpts). 1.5 The citieswhich were formerly great have most of them become insignificant http://www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodotus

Main Page Recent changes Edit this page Page history ... Printable version Not logged in Log in Help Other languages: Deutsch Eesti Nederlands Esperanto Herodotus From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Herodotus of Halicarnassus (modern Bodrum in Turkey ) was an ancient Greek historian who lived in the 5th century BC 485 BC ? - c. 420 BC Table of contents showTocToggle("show","hide") 1 Overview 2 Opinions 3 Herodotus's Life 4 For Further Reading ... 5 External Links Overview Herodotus wrote a history of the Persian invasion of Greece in the early fifth century B.C., known simply as The Histories of Herodotus . This work was recognized as a new form of literature soon after its publication. Before Herodotus, there had been chronicles and epics , and they too had preserved knowledge of the past. But Herodotus was the first not only to record the past but also to treat it as a philosophical problem, or research project, that could yield knowledge of human behavior. Opinions His invention earned him the title "The Father of History" and the word he used for his achievement, historie , which previously had meant simply "research", took on its modern connotation of "history".

86. References To Libya In The Histories Of Herodotus The Greek historian herodotus, who lived from c.480 c.425 BC, wrote extensivelyabout Libya. References to Libya in THE HISTORIES OF herodotus. Book I Clio. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/8744/herhist.htm

The Greek historian Herodotus, who lived from c.480 - c.425 B.C., wrote extensively about Libya. For the convenience of visitors to this site, I have excerpted all sections of the nine volumes of his Histories in which he mentions Libya, and present the compilation below. References to Libya in THE HISTORIES OF HERODOTUS Book I: Clio I can count the sands, and I can measure the ocean; I have ears for the silent, and know what the dumb man meaneth; Lo! on my sense there striketh the smell of a shell-covered tortoise, Boiling now on a fire, with the flesh of a lamb, in a cauldron- Brass is the vessel below, and brass the cover above it. Book II: Euterpe Book IV: Melpomene Book V: Terpsichore Book VII: Polymnia [END OF EXCERPTS FROM HERODOTUS] Libya Links Page

87. Herodotus: Father Of History, Father Of Lies herodotus Father of History, Father of Lies. It was in the early days of thePeloponnesian War that herodotus completed his History and published it. http://www.loyno.edu/history/journal/1998-9/Pipes.htm

Herodotus: Father of History, Father of Lies By David Pipes It was in the early days of the Peloponnesian War that Herodotus completed his History and published it. It was something new, something unique. It was not a chronicle, nor was it a local history. It was historia History Herodotus tells of the Persian Empire, its rise to the height of imperialism, and its faltering and ultimate collapse. Some say that Athens, too, had reached the height of her imperialism, and the Peloponnesian war would bring to Athens what the war Herodotus wrote about brought to Persia. The author of the History wanted to do more than retell the events of the past, he want to prove a point and make sure the people of the future remembered and learned from the events of the past. He did not want to relate his story. He wanted to relate history. The Life and Travels of Herodotus People sometimes let their own experiences filter the way they interpret the events of the past. For this reason it is important that anyone seeking to study the work of anotherwhether a history, a diary, or even a personal lettershould devote some effort to the study of that person's life. Only then can a student of history effectively judge the work of the historian in its proper light. Was the author trying to make a point? Was he hoping to convince the reader of something? If there is some deeper meaning to the history that someone creates, the key to unlocking that meaning will be found in his past. The man known to history as Herodotus is believed to have been born in Halikarnassos around 484 BC. Most of what is know about him comes from a tenth century Byzantine lexicon, the

88. History Of Iran: Histories Of Herodotus, Book 1 Histories of herodotus A history source of Persian Empire of Achaemenianera By herodotus (c. 484 425 BCE); Translated by George Rawlinson http://www.iranchamber.com/history/herodotus/herodotus_history_book1.php

Home History Iran's Guide Podium Histories of Herodotus A history source of Persian Empire of Achaemenian era By: Herodotus (c. 484 - 425 BCE); Translated by: George Rawlinson Books: 1 Book Clio [1.0] These are the researches of Herodotus of Halicarnassus, which he publishes, in the hope of thereby preserving from decay the remembrance of what men have done, and of preventing the great and wonderful actions of the Greeks and the Barbarians from losing their due meed of glory; and withal to put on record what were their grounds of feuds. [1.2] At a later period, certain Greeks, with whose name they are unacquainted, but who would probably be Cretans, made a landing at Tyre, on the Phoenician coast, and bore off the king's daughter, Europe. In this they only retaliated; but afterwards the Greeks, they say, were guilty of a second violence. They manned a ship of war, and sailed to Aea, a city of Colchis, on the river Phasis; from whence, after despatching the rest of the business on which they had come, they carried off Medea, the daughter of the king of the land. The monarch sent a herald into Greece to demand reparation of the wrong, and the restitution of his child; but the Greeks made answer that, having received no reparation of the wrong done them in the seizure of Io the Argive, they should give none in this instance. [1.3] In the next generation afterwards, according to the same authorities, Alexander the son of Priam, bearing these events in mind, resolved to procure himself a wife out of Greece by violence, fully persuaded, that as the Greeks had not given satisfaction for their outrages, so neither would he be forced to make any for his. Accordingly he made prize of Helen; upon which the Greeks decided that, before resorting to other measures, they would send envoys to reclaim the princess and require reparation of the wrong. Their demands were met by a reference to the violence which had been offered to Medea, and they were asked with what face they could now require satisfaction, when they had formerly rejected all demands for either reparation or restitution addressed to them.

89. DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC - / / W 3 C / / DTD HTML 4 . 0 1 1 Transitional / / EN HTML HEAD META HTTP EQUIV = Content - Type CONTENT = text / html ; charset = utf - 8 TITLE herodotus 4 . 1 http://herodot.georgehinge.com/hdt4.html

[home] Herodot Zum Projekt Nomadismus Sprache Religion ... Bibliographie Herodot, 4. Buch Hippokrates Herodotus, The Persian Wars , transl. by G. Rawlinson, 1942 From Leipoxais sprang the Scythians of the race called Auchatae; from Arpoxais, the middle brother, those known as the Catiari and Traspians; from Colaxais, the youngest, the Royal Scythians, or Paralatae. All together they are named Scoloti, after one of their kings: the Greeks, however, call them Scythians. Such is the account which the Scythians give of themselves, and of the country which lies above them. The Greeks who dwell about the Pontus tell a different story. According to Hercules, when he was carrying off the cows of Geryon, arrived in the region which is now inhabited by the Scyths, but which was then a desert. Geryon lived outside the Pontus, in an island called by the Greeks Erytheia, near Gades, which is beyond the Pillars of Hercules upon the Ocean. Now some say that the Ocean begins in the east, and runs the whole way round the world; but they give no proof that this is really so. Hercules came from thence into the region now called Scythia, and, being overtaken by storm and frost, drew his lion's skin about him, and fell fast asleep. While he slept, his mares, which he had loosed from his chariot to graze, by some wonderful chance disappeared. Scythia still retains traces of the Cimmerians; there are Cimmerian castles, and a Cimmerian ferry, also a tract called Cimmeria, and a Cimmerian Bosphorus. It appears likewise that the Cimmerians, when they fled into Asia to escape the Scyths, made a settlement in the peninsula where the Greek city of Sinope was afterwards built. The Scyths, it is plain, pursued them, and missing their road, poured into Media. For the Cimmerians kept the line which led along the sea-shore, but the Scyths in their pursuit held the Caucasus upon their right, thus proceeding inland, and falling upon Media. This account is one which is common both to Greeks and barbarians.

90. Herodotus The award is called The herodotus, in honor of the Greek Father of History who never let history stand in the way of a good story. aBOUT herodotus. http://mywebpages.comcast.net/monkshould/herodotus.html

A ward for E xcellence in H istorical M ysteries T he Historical Mystery Appreciation Society is pleased to announce the institution of an annual award honoring excellence in historical mysteries. The award is called The Herodotus, in honor of the Greek "Father of History" who never let history stand in the way of a good story. The Herodotus is awarded in the following categories: Best US Historical Mystery Best First US Historical Mystery Best International Historical Mystery Best First International Historical Mystery Best Historical Mystery Short Story Grandmaster Award The "First" categories are open to authors who have previously published contemporary mysteries and/or non-criminous historical fiction. The "International" categories are open to books published in English anywhere in the world. All categories are open to books originally published in another language, but first published in English during the award year. The place of publication in English will determine whether the US or International categories apply. The calendar year will determine eligibility, and the

91. Libya: The History Of Herodotus Libya The History of herodotus The history of herodotus http://home.earthlink.net/~dribrahim/herode.htm

Libya: The History of Herodotus: The history of Herodotus: Book I Book II Book III Book IV ... Book VII To send me the latest news or views please click here: dribrahim@earthlink.net Back to: Libya: Our Home

92. Herodotus: Biography Of Herodotus Index Biography of herodotus. herodotus, the oldest Greek historian,and for this reason usually styled the Father of History, was http://www.sacklunch.net/biography/H/Herodotus.html

Index Biography of Herodotus Web Searches Biography Jobs Flowers Travel ... Internet w w w Search the Web

93. Herodotus: Biography Of Herodotus Index Biography of herodotus. herodotus. Born in Halicarnassus, in styleit is unrivaled. herodotus died in Thurii, Italy, about 424 BC. http://www.sacklunch.net/biography/H/Herodotus_2.html

Index Biography of Herodotus Herodotus. Born in Halicarnassus, in Caria, 484 B.C. An eminent Greek historian, usually called "the Father of History." Herodotus' great work, for which he appears to have collected the materials during long travel, is believed to have been written at Thurii. It comes down to 478 B.C. and, except for the author's love of the marvelous, his history is considered one of the most trustworthy of all ancient histories, while in the grace of its style it is unrivaled. Herodotus died in Thurii, Italy, about 424 B.C. Web Searches Biography Jobs Flowers Travel ... Internet w w w Search the Web

94. Famous Authors Quotes By Categories herodotus Categories http://www.famous-quotations.com/asp/acategories.asp?author=Herodotus

95. Herodotus 62. herodotus. Historiae (1502). 2° ; 140 leaves; 312 x 206mm.Ever since antiquity the Greek historian herodotus (ca. 484Ð425 http://www.lib.byu.edu/~aldine/62Herodotus.html

62. Herodotus. Historiae Ever since antiquity the Greek historian Herodotus (ca. 484Ð425 B.C.) has been called by some "the father of history" and by others "the father of lies." Although his History , recognized for its simple, flowing style and entertaining narrative, has been praised by ancient and modern alike, its trustworthiness has been questioned both in ancient and modern times. Several ancient writers accused Herodotus of intentional falsehood. Not until the sixteenth century did Herodotus recover from the verdicts passed on him. The 1502 Aldine edition represents the first printing of Herodotus in the original Greek. During the age of exploration, when foreign diplomats, missionaries, and explorers wrote back to their native countries of faraway lands and strange customs, their accounts were extraordinarily reminiscent of Herodotus both in style and in method, especially reports from travelers and explorers concerning the discovery of America. These accounts vindicated Herodotus, because they showed that one could travel abroad, tell strange stories, and inquire into past events without necessarily being a liar. New exploration often revealed customs even more extraordinary than those described by Herodotus, and the latest reports were eagerly anticipated by the public. Exhibit Home Page New World Books

96. Herodot & Homer herodotus (c.490425/420 BC). herodotus, according to Cicero the fatherof history , was born in Dorian Halicarnassus (now Bodrum http://www.allaboutturkey.com/herodot.htm

HERODOTUS (c.490-425/420 BC) Herodotus, according to Cicero the "father of history", was born in Dorian Halicarnassus (now Bodrum), but had to leave after taking part in an uprising against the tyrant Lygdamis. He travelled widely in Egypt, Africa, Asia Minor and eastern Europe, then lived for a time in Athens, greatly respected and honoured, before moving in 444 BC to settle in the newly founded Athenian colony of Thourioi (Thurii) in southern Italy. His history of the wars between Greece and Persia, divided in later years into nine books named after the Muses, incorporated observations made on his travels as well as a record of the political events. Later study has confirmed in many respects the accuracy of his work, which is a valuable source of information on the Greek settlements in Asia Minor as well as on the lands and peoples of Africa and the Near East. HOMER (c.8th c BC) The city of Smyrna ( Izmir ) in Asia Minor claims, probably with some justification, to be the birthplace of Homer, legendary author of the " Iliad " and the "Odyssey" and the West's earliest epic poet. Tradition has it that he was a blind "rhapsode", a wandering reciter of poetry who travelled around the

97. Phoenix Described By Ovid, Pliny herodotus They have also another sacred birdcalled the phoenix which I myself have never seen, except in pictures. http://www.eaudrey.com/myth/phoenix.htm

Dave's Mythical Creatures and Places Search Site Alphabetical Index E-mail Dave Phoenix Description The size of an eagle, with gold plumage around the neck, a purple body, and an azure tail. The throat has a crest, and the head has a tuft of feathers. (according to Pliny) Features The main feature of the phoenix is that it is reborn through fire: when it gets old it will make a nest (sometimes of myrrh) and set it on fire. The phoenix will be consumed in the flames, but will be reborn out of the ashes. There is only one Phoenix at a time; it lives for many years (accounts vary from 500, 540, 1000 or 1460 years.) No person has ever seen this bird eat. This legend was very common among the Egyptians, the Greek, oriental cultures, and during medieval times. Symbolizes Might represent the sun, which dies every night and is reborn the next morning. Among classical writers, it may represent those existing in paradise, enjoying eternal youth. Among Christians, it can represent rebirth after death. Also called Fung or Feng-Huang- (Chinese version) In this version, the bird is sent to earth to perform extraordinary works and to help the development of man. It appears in different stages of the world's progress, and then returns to heaven.

98. Herodotus It may be apt that the recent resurgence of interest in herodotus coincided withthe release of the highly popular film The English Patient , in which his http://www.bodrumgulets.com/Herodotus.htm

Up What is a Gulet? Boatbuilding Through History Herodotus Boatbuilding Under the Ottomans Twentieth Century Bodrum Gulets Tomorrow The Bodrum Cup Regatta ... STS Bodrum Sailing Schoolship Bodrum Gulets It may be apt that the recent resurgence of interest in Herodotus coincided with the release of the highly popular film "The English Patient", in which his Histories is featured. In the same manner that the film depicted a story of war in North Africa in a form digestible to the general public, so Herodotus depicted the "history of the struggle between Greece and Persia" for his oratory audience of long ago. Herodotus was born in Halicarnassus in 484 B.C. at a time when the town was under Persian rule. Lygdamis, grandson of Artemisia I, was regarded as a tyrant ruler and had executed Herodotus' outspoken uncle, the poet Panyasis. Upon completing his Ionian education, Herodotus left - or was possibly exiled - from Halicarnassus, a very well read man: The Iliad and the Odyssey Herodotus embarked upon a journey of the Mediterranean world, including Asia Minor, the Aegean, Ionian and Mediterranean islands of Rhodes, Cyprus, Delos, Paros, Thasos, Samothrace, Crete, Samos, Cythera and Aegina. He traveled south to the Persian capital of Susa, Babylon and Colchis, and north to Scythia and Thrace. He also ventured to Palestine, Egypt and Tyre. What set Herodotus aside from his other mobile contemporaries was the length of time he spent in each destination, the straightforward, interrogative manner in which he recounted what he saw, and his sensitivity towards different cultures and ethnicities:

99. Arts - Literature: Herodotus herodotus (circa 484425 AD). The family of herodotus belonged to the upper rankof the citizens. His father was named Lyxes, and his mother Rhaeo, or Dryo. http://www.archaeonia.com/arts/literature/herodotus.htm

HERODOTUS (circa 484-425 A.D.) Biography The 'History' BIOGRAPHY: Greek historian , called the Father of History , was born at Halicarnassus in Asia Minor, then dependent upon the Persians , in or about the year 484 B.C. Herodotus was thus born a Persian subject, and such he continued until he was 30 or 35 years of age. At the lime of his birth Halicarnassus was under the rule of a queen Artemisia ) The year of her death is unknown; but she left her crown to her son Pisindelis (born about 498 B.C.), who was succeeded upon the throne by his son Lygdamis about the time that Herodotus grew to manhood. The family of Herodotus belonged to the upper rank of the citizens. His father was named Lyxes , and his mother Rhaeo , or Dryo . He had a brother Theodore , and an uncle or cousin Panyasis , the epic poet, a personage of so much importance that the tyrant Lygdamis, suspecting him of treasonable projects, put him to death. It is probable that Herodotus shared his relative's political opinions, and either was exiled from Halicarnassus or quitted it voluntarily at the time of his execution. Of the education of Herodotus no more can be said than that it was thoroughly Greek, and embraced no doubt the three subjects essential to a Greek liberal education -

100. Creative Quotations From Herodotus (484?BC-425BC) Creative Quotations from . . . herodotus (484?BC425BC) born on Greek historian. Searchmillions of documents for herodotus. Highbeam Research, http://www.creativequotations.com/one/681.htm

CQHome Search CQ CQ Indexes CQ E-books ... creative Creative Quotations from . . . Herodotus 484?BC-425BC) born on Greek historian. As the "Father of History" he wrote of the rise of Persia, and the development of Greek city-sates. Search millions of documents for Herodotus Creative Hats Tshirts African Cichlids Men trust their eyes less than their ears. The worst pain a man can suffer: to have insight into much and power over nothing. Great deeds are usually wrought at great risk. Force has no place where there is need of skill. A man calumniated is doubly injured first by him who utters the calumny, and then by him who believes it. Published Sources for Quotations Above: F: In "The Speaker's Electronic Reference Collection," AApex Software, 1994. R: In "The Speaker's Electronic Reference Collection," AApex Software, 1994. A: In "The Speaker's Electronic Reference Collection," AApex Software, 1994. N: In "The Speaker's Electronic Reference Collection," AApex Software, 1994. K: Artabanus, in "Histories," bk. 7, c. 430 B.C. Aquarium Fish Mortgage Info India Outsourcing Check out these Ebay items for Herodotus!

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