61. Rio Grande Bibliography: Soils, Forestry, And Agriculture G. soils, Forestry, and agriculture 1466. (US Department of agriculture. Bureau ofChemistry and soils. Soil survey report, series 1923 17) p 537575 . 1467. http://www.cerc.usgs.gov/pubs/riogrande/soils.HTM

BIOLOGY OF THE RIO GRANDE BORDER REGION: A BIBLIOGRAPHY G. Soils, Forestry, and Agriculture 1466. Beck MW, Hendrickson BH. 1928. Soil survey, Cameron County, Texas. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. (U.S. Department of Agriculture. Bureau of Chemistry and Soils. Soil survey report, series 1923: 17) p 537-575 . 1469. Carr JT, Jr., Janca IG and others. 1965. Appendices to Bulletin 6413: water-supply limitations on irrigation from the Rio Grande in Starr, Hidalgo, Cameron, and Willacy counties, Texas. [Austin (TX)]: Texas Water Commission. (Texas Water Commission. Bulletin: 6413A) 137 p. 1470. Carter WT, Cory VL. 1931. Soils of Trans-Pecos Texas and some of their vegetative relations. Trans. Tex. Acad. Sci. 15:19-32. 1471. Cartwright B, Edelson JV, Chambers C. 1987. Composite action thresholds for the control of lepidopterous pests on fresh-market cabbage in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. J. Econ. Entomol. 80:175-81. 1472. Davis RB, Spicer RL. 1965. Status of the practice of brush control in the Rio Grande plain. Austin (TX): Texas Parks and Wildlife Dept. (Texas. Parks and Wildlife Dept. Bulletin: 46) 40 p. 1473. Estrada A, Mikus FF. 1950. Selenium content of the soils of the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Tex. J. Sci. 2:541-2.

62. Farmnote 57/1990 : Identifying Gypsum-responsive Soils : Department Of Agricultu Several tests to help identify gypsumresponsive soils have been developed throughresearch, including trials conducted by the agriculture Western Australia. http://agspsrv34.agric.wa.gov.au/agency/pubns/farmnote/1990/F05790.htm

Department of Agriculture, Western Australia Identifying gypsum-responsive soils Farmnote 57/1990 by Fionnuala Frost, Research Officer, National Soil Conservation Program and Garry Orr, Technical Officer, Division of Resource Management, Merredin Soils containing dispersible clays are often problem soils. A dispersible clay is a clay that does not stay stable when wetted, but slakes or disperses easily. The major problem with dispersed clay is that it can block soil pores and reduce the permeability to water. The clay also acts as a cement that hardens the soil when it dries. Gypsum applied to soils with dispersible clays improves the permeability to water by reducing the dispersion of the clay. Reducing the dispersion allows more of the rainfall to enter the soil, reducing run-off and erosion risks and improving drainage after heavy rains. The action of the dispersed clay in hardening the soil (or increasing soil strength) is also decreased by applying gypsum. The lower soil strength allows for more timely cultivation and seeding. Energy inputs and machinery maintenance can be reduced, while decreased soil strength also allows improved crop performance from rapid emergence, improved aeration and efficient water use. The benefits from applying gypsum will vary, depending on the season. Apply gypsum with the aim of adopting more sustainable, reduced tillage, rather than continuing with multiple workings and having to reapply gypsum a few years later.

63. Alexa Web Search - Subjects > Science > Agriculture > Soils Most Popular In soils The 5 most visited sites in all soils categories, updateddaily! 3. National Soil Survey Center (NSSC) soils.usda.gov Site Info. http://www.alexa.com/browse/categories?catid=39979

64. Oregon Department Of Agriculture services are congregated; but those are areas where the best soils exist. The mostpopulous counties are among the most productive agriculture areas Marion http://www.oda.state.or.us/nrd/land_use/

breadCrumbs(">>","index.html","breadcrumb", "breadcrumb","breadcrumb","0"); Natural Resources Division Confined Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO) Smoke Management Water Quality Land Use ... NRD Overview and staff listing Land Use Overview Without agriculture, there would be no food to eat. This may seem an over-simplistic statement, but all too often our society - through policy choices, legislative actions, zoning, and personal actions - relegates agriculture to second-class status in economic and environmental decision-making. The belief that food will continue to appear on the supermarket shelf from somewhere else is a dangerous notion. The world has a limited supply of land with high quality soils on which food can be grown. In less than 25 years, an expanding world population will require 2-3 times the amount of food we are currently able to produce. Due to the increased conversions of farmland to industrial and urban uses, the needed food production must occur on an ever-smaller portion of land. The Willamette Valley, home to 70% of the state's population, also contains most of prime farm land in the state (71%). Between 1959 and 1992, Oregon lost over 3.6 million acres (17%) of farmland. The Willamette Valley contributes nearly 50% of the value of the state's farm sales, about $1.5 billion in 1996-97. Eastern Oregon ag output makes up 23% of total ag sales; Central and Southern Oregon each account for another 10% of total value; and the Coastal counties make up the remaining 6% of agricultural sales.

65. The Sustainable Agriculture Program design principles and examples of environmentally and economically sustainable agriculturesystems and the chemistry of fertilizer and lime reactions in soils. http://www.umaine.edu/pse/sag.htm

Home Sustainable Agriculture Program Many factors have convinced the agriculture community to seek new approaches to the production of food and fiber. Among these factors are increasing input costs, pesticide resistance, ground water contamination, soil erosion, decreasing soil fertility, and the demand for chemical free food. The University of Maine offers academic, research, and extension programs in Sustainable Agriculture (SAG) in order to address the principles and practices of environmentally sound, profitable farming. The academic program emphasizes: how to increase farm profits by decreasing the costs of crop and livestock production; how to build soil tilth and fertility through rotations, multiple cropping, and nutrient cycling; how to protect water quality by decreasing the need to use synthetic agrichemicals; how to manage crop pests and livestock diseases with integrated, ecologically sound strategies; and how to create a strong, diversified agriculture that is stable through market and weather fluctuations. The Sustainable Agriculture Program is an interdisciplinary program offered cooperatively by the faculties of the Departments of Plant, Soil and Environmental Sciences, Plant Biology and Pathology, and Resource Economics and Policy. In addition, to the core courses, students obtain knowledge and skills in the liberal arts, mathematics, sciences, and communications.

66. What Is Sustainable Agriculture? of agricultural land to urban uses is a particular concern in California, asrapid growth and escalating land values threaten farming on prime soils. http://www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/concept.htm

Home Site Map Calendar Search ... Webmaster What is Sustainable Agriculture? Concept Themes Farming and Natural Resources Plant Production Practices Animal Production Practices December 1997 A griculture has changed dramatically, especially since the end of World War II. Food and fiber productivity soared due to new technologies, mechanization, increased chemical use, specialization and government policies that favored maximizing production. These changes allowed fewer farmers with reduced labor demands to produce the majority of the food and fiber in the U.S. Although these changes have had many positive effects and reduced many risks in farming, there have also been significant costs.Prominent among these are topsoil depletion, groundwater contamination, the decline of family farms, continued neglect of the living and working conditions for farm laborers, increasing costs of production, and the disintegration of economic and social conditions in rural communities. A growing movement has emerged during the past two decades to question the role of the agricultural establishment in promoting practices that contribute to these social problems. Today this movement for sustainable agriculture is garnering increasing support and acceptance within mainstream agriculture. Not only does sustainable agriculture address many environmental and social concerns, but it offers innovative and economically viable opportunities for growers, laborers, consumers, policymakers and many others in the entire food system.

67. Earthworms: Thatch-busters Earthworms make significant contributions to a fertile, healthy soil. Earthwormsare generally intolerant of acidic soils (pH less than 6.0). http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/Entomology/entfacts/trees/ef402.htm

University of Kentucky Entomology EntFacts Information Sheets EARTHWORMS: THATCH-BUSTERS By Lee Townsend and Dan Potter (Entomology), and A. J. Powell (Agronomy) University of Kentucky Earthworms, called the "intestines of the earth" by Aristotle, are very important soil organisms that aid in the decomposition of plant litter, such as the thatch layer, and in recycling of nutrients. They help to break down and condition plant remnants in their gut. Their tunnels in the soil help oxygen and water to enter the soil more easily and their castings (waste) enrich it. Earthworms may be viewed as pests because their burrows and castings create a roughened surface. Also, since earthworms are a preferred food for moles, pesticides are sometimes applied in an effort to remove food so that the moles will go elsewhere. There is no scientific evidence that elimination of earthworms will reduce problems with moles. Earthworms make significant contributions to a fertile, healthy soil. Attempts to control them to reduce surface disruption can have severe consequences, especially in thatch build up. Thatch is a layer of living and dead roots, stems, and organic matter that accumulates at the soil surface. Thatch accumulates when the rate of decomposition is much lower than the rate of grass growth. Use of certain fertilizers or pesticides may encourage an accumulation of thatch by increasing turf growth and/or killing beneficial organisms, such as earthworms. Excessive thatch reduces penetration of water and other materials, such as fertilizer. It also encourages shallow grass roots which makes turf more susceptible to stress and pests. A heavy build up of thatch can require expensive dethatching. Earthworms break apart the thatch and pull organic matter into the soil. They also mix large amounts of soil into the thatch layer. This aids in a more rapid breakdown of the layer by increasing microbial activity and enhances its properties for growth of turfgrass.

68. Agriculture Library Index soils and Men USDA Yearbook of agriculture. This particular Yearbook of agriculture,soils and Men, is widely considered the best of the lot. http://www.soilandhealth.org/01aglibrary/01aglibwelcome.html

HOME PAGE Sovereignty Library Health Library Health begins in the soil. Welcome To The Holistic Agriculture Library Albrecht, William A. "Loss Of Soil Organic Matter And Its Restoration" Soils and Men: USDA Yearbook of Agriculture. Washington, D.C., United States Department of Agriculture, 1938. Each year, the practice going on for several decades, the United States Department of Agriculture published a yearbook. This particular Yearbook of Agriculture, Soils and Men , is widely considered the best of the lot. And this article by William Albrecht may well be It is our hope to eventually present the entire yearbook online. PUBLIC DOMAIN Albrecht, William A. Soil Fertility And Animal Health. Webster City, Iowa: Fred Hahne Printing Co, 1958. Reprinted by Acres, USA as The Albrecht Papers, Vol. II , currently in print. To contact Acres, click here. Albrecht, William A. A collection of journal and magazine articles, experiment station and other government publications. Find here what probably is Albrecht's single most important statement connecting soil fertility with animal and human health, a chapter from Nutrition and Physical Degeneration Albrecht wrote, articles he wrote for

69. Department Of Crop And Soil Sciences - Introduction To Crop And Soil Sciences response to these problems, crop and soil scientists are turning their attentionto water pollution, pesticide accumulation in soils, agriculture waste disposal http://www.css.msu.edu/home/ac-intro.html

Crop and Soil Sciences is a diverse profession that encompasses all aspects of crop production and soil management. There is a close relationship between crop science and soil science. The goal of the crop scientist is to increase plant production, quality and profit by utilizing genetics, breeding and physiology. The goal of the soil scientist is to improve the soil fertility and the chemical, physical, and microbial characteristics of the soil. These two subjects are combined in Crop and Soil Sciences to develop an integrated approach to the management of crops and soils. Another aspect to Crop and Soil Sciences is turfgrass management. While not directly involved with the production of food or fiber, turfgrass science encompasses many of the same agronomic principles and applies them to the management of grasses for use on golf courses, athletic fields, home lawns, and recreational areas. Turfgrass adds beauty to the landscape, minimizes sound and air pollution, stabilizes the soil, and reduces the heat load on homes through transpirational cooling. Many of the past crop production practices have resulted in environmental problems. The general decline in environmental quality has affected crops as well as the soil. In response to these problems, crop and soil scientists are turning their attention to water pollution, pesticide accumulation in soils, agriculture waste disposal, wind and water erosion and a myriad of other management concerns.

70. Education World® - *Science : Agriculture : Soils & Growing Mediums Up One Level TOP *Science agriculture soils Growing Mediums. Thereare 52 entries in this category. Displaying 1 25. Agrostemin http://db.education-world.com/perl/browse?cat_id=6388

71. Forest Soil Soils Forest Soil Soils Forest Soil Soils Forest Soil Soils Forest S Pacific Australian National University Forestry home page Department of agriculture,The University of Queensland, Australia Massey Univ., Soil Science, New http://soilslab.cfr.washington.edu/S-7/

Updated March 23, 2004, look forÊ for new items; look forÊ for items directly related to SSSA New Links of Interest on the Forest Soils Home Page Conference: Southern Site Productivity Conference, Juluy 12-14, Chateau Sonesta Hotel, New Orleans, Louisiana, download Conference Brochure Conference: Effects of management practices on productivity of western forests: A forest-product focus. September 20-23, 2004. Olympia, Washington. ... Proceedings, Planted Forests Symposium. Jan 20-22, 2004, Portland, Oregon JobÊ Assistant Professor, Soil Science, University of Saskatchewan Job SSSA 2004 Annual Meeting, Seattle, WA Announcement from SSSA Forest Soils home page. This is the S-7 Forest Soil home page at www.forestsoils.org/S-7/ . The purpose of this server is to make available information of interest to the forest soils community. I would appreciate any suggestions you might have for improving this archive. Please send those suggestions to robh@u.washington.edu . To contribute to a forest soils discussion group send a message to forsoils@u.washington.edu

72. :: Ez2Find :: Soils URL http//interactive.usask.ca/ski/agriculture/soils/; soils and Composting Site Info - Translate - Open New Window Basic information on building http://ez2find.com/cgi-bin/directory/meta/search.pl/Science/Agriculture/Soils/

Guide : Soils Global Metasearch Any Language English Afrikaans Arabic Bahasa Melayu Belarusian Bulgarian Catala Chinese Simplified Chinese Traditional Cymraeg Czech Dansk Deutsch Eesti Espanol Euskara Faroese Francais Frysk Galego Greek Hebrew Hrvatski Indonesia Islenska Italiano Japanese Korean Latvian Lietuviu Lingua Latina Magyar Netherlands Norsk Polska Portugues Romana Russian Shqip Slovensko Slovensky Srpski Suomi Svenska Thai Turkce Ukrainian Vietnamese Mode All Words Any Word Phrase Results Timeout Depth Adult Filter Add to Favorites Other Search Web News Newsgroups Images Guides Soils ez2Find Home Directory Science Agriculture : Soils Academic Departments Erosion Irrigation Organizations ... Soil Morphology, Classification and Survey Related Categories Home: Gardens: Soil and Additives Science: Agriculture: Instruments and Supplies Science: Earth Sciences Web Sites The Alberta Soil Science Workshop [Site Info] [Translate] [Open New Window] Information and details about the venue, the papers and organisation of this meeting to be held from February 19 - 20, 2003 - Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Also includes abstracts and papers from previous meetings, starting in 1998. URL: http://www.soilsworkshop.ab.ca/

73. Rx For Soils And Crops Detailed descriptions of the analytical procedures are given in the Soil FertilityManual, 1996, published by the College of Tropical agriculture and Human http://www2.ctahr.hawaii.edu/tpss/research_extension/rxsoil/soilsample.htm

...Return to Rx for Soils and Crops... Rx for Soils and Crops Date Last Edited: A Guide To Soil Testing For Hawaii's Residents N. V. Hue, R. Uchida, and M. C. Ho Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences and Agricultural Diagnostic Service Center College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources University of Hawaii at Manoa Why have a soil tested? Having a soil tested is an integral part of good farming/gardening because it will let you know if your soil needs any fertilizer, what kind and how much so that your crop can grow better. In this factsheet, we will show you how to obtain a good soil test. Because laboratory analyses are performed on a small sample of soil from an entire field or garden, the analytical results are useless if the sample submitted does not represent the soil you intend to grow your plants in. A properly collected sample makes test results valid, and will produce correct recommendations that enhance yields, make efficient use of resources, and/or preserve quality of the environment. How to take a representative soil sample When sampling home gardens, one composite sample consisting of 5-10 subsamples per 100 sq. ft. collected over the planting area should be taken. For larger areas like pastures or tree orchards, first make a detailed map of your area, then divide your map into smaller uniform soil-test areas of a few (1-5) acres each. Label each area clearly on the map by using a combination of letters/numbers that make sense and thus are easy to remember. Each test area should be uniform with regard to soil type or condition. Fields with different slope, soil color, drainage, apparent texture (for example, heavy, light, or A'a) or cropping history should be sampled separately. A soil-test sample for each area should be a composite of 10-15 subsamples.

74. Virginia's Agroecosystems agriculture in this region is supported by local businesses, Virginia CooperativeExtension, and crop advisors will make onfarm visits, test soils and manures http://www.ext.vt.edu/departments/cses/agroeco/agroeco.html

Virginia's Agroecosystems Author: Joan Gaidos, Extension Agent/Graduate Student, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences. Reviewed by: Dr. Mark Alley, Professor, and Dr. Jim McKenna, Associate Professor, Crop and Soil Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech. Posted June 1997 Introduction Agriculture has been a rich part of Virginia's history and economy for more than three hundred years. Virginia's diverse agriculture systems are a product of the varied geography, climate and soil systems across the state, and are inextricably linked to the states economy, ecology and heritage. Virginia's beautiful ridge and valleys, rolling piedmont hills, and sandy coastal plains play a large role in dictating the type of cropping systems, animal production and conservation practices employed to protect the states environment while maintaining on-farm profitability. Ridge and Valley Northern Piedmont Coastal Plain Southern Piedmont Ridge and Valley The ridge and valley region stretches across the western part of Virginia. Bisected by the Shenandoah Valley, this region is bordered by the sharper, more irregularly shaped Blue Ridge Mountains to the east, and the more regular, washboard shaped Allegheny Mountains to the west. The valley reaches nearly 25 miles at its widest and is shaped by several major rivers, the north and south forks of the Shenandoah and the James Rivers. The climate here is cooler, supporting cool season grasses (i.e. bluegrass, white clover, orchard grass), and a shorter growing season for crops than other parts of the state.

75. Bachelor Of Science In Agriculture Options Available. Agribusiness Management; agriculture Mechanizations; Agronomy Natural Resources; Dairy Herd Management; Livestock Production; soils; VoAg http://www.agriculture.eku.edu/AgBachelor/

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURE Options Available Agribusiness Management Agriculture Mechanizations Dairy Herd Management Livestock Production Soils Vo-Ag Preparation Pre-Veterinary Medicine Return to EKU Department of Agriculture Home Page Go to EKU Home Page

76. Australian Agriculture Assessment 2001 - Appendix 3. Major Soils Used For Agricu APPENDIX 3. Major soils used for agriculture in Australia*. Descriptive accountsof the main soil qualities relating to agriculture are presented. http://audit.ea.gov.au/ANRA/agriculture/docs/national/Agriculture_Major_Soils.ht

APPENDIX 3. Major Soils used for Agriculture in Australia* Neil McKenzie, Ray Isbell, Katharine Brown and David Jacquier CSIRO Land and Water Introduction Soil test results are most useful when there is an appreciation of the general features of the complete soil profile. These features, together with climate, can have an overriding impact on plant growth. A great variety of soils are used for agriculture in Australia and this chapter provides a general account of 20 major types. The new Australian Soil Classification (Isbell 1996) is used as a frame of reference because of its practical focus. It is also the national standard for soil classification. However, there are many variants on the soil types described here and more detailed and local accounts should be consulted for specific guidance on land management. General features of Australian soils In recent geologic times, there has been a general absence across the continent of major processes that renew soils, for example, mountain building, volcanic activity and glaciation. Land surfaces across many parts of Australia are ancient and as a consequence the associated soils are strongly weathered and infertile. However, the agricultural lands have significant areas with younger land surfaces and more fertile soils. Australian soils have many distinctive features. The surface layers usually have low organic matter levels and are often poorly structured, a condition made worse by most agricultural practices. Subsurface layers with a sharp increase in clay content are widespread (Kurosols, Chromosols, and Sodosols) and they can restrict drainage and root growth. In these soils, bleached layers with very low nutrient levels are also common. Soils affected by salt, either now or in earlier geological times (e.g. Sodosols), cover large portions of the arable lands of the continent and have various nutrient and physical limitations.

77. Science Search > Soils system for nitrogen turnover models to simulate the N cycle in arable agriculture.The system consists of modular model components for soil water flow, for http://www.science-search.org/index/Agriculture/Soils/

Search for: Current Category Everything What's new Top Searches Statistics Science News ... Home Current location: Agriculture > Soils Academic Departments Erosion Organizations Physics ... International Soil Reference and Information Centre Documentation, research and training about soils with emphasis on developing countries. Products and services available are datasets, documents, maps and computer http://www.isric.nl detailed information Rating: [7.00] Votes: [1101] Natural Resources Conservation Service, NRCS Formerly the U.S. Soil Conservation Service. NCRS program areas include soil survey, conservation assistance, farmland protection, grazing lands conservation, and http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/ detailed information Rating: [7.00] Votes: [497] WWW Virtual Library - Soils and substrates A most comprehensive resource but no longer updated. http://www.metla.fi/info/vlib/soils/old.htm detailed information Rating: [7.00] Votes: [1033] A Compendium of On-Line Soil Survey Information Extensive collection of on-line information on soil survey activities, institutions, datasets, research, and teaching materials world-w http://www.itc.nl/~rossiter/research/rsrch_ss.html

78. Acres U.S.A. -- A Voice For Eco-Agriculture Books/Ecoagriculture. Eco-agriculture is sweeping the country as the answerfor worsening soils, rising input costs, and deteriorating food quality. http://www.acresusa.com/books/thumbnail.asp?catid=4&pcid=2

79. Agriculture: Climate Change Solutions For Farms Levels of GHG emissions in agriculture are influenced by environmental and otherfactors, such as temperature, water content of soils and agricultural http://www.climatechangesolutions.com/agriculture/default.shtml?o=intro

80. Soils & Crops Branch - Manitoba Agriculture, Food And Rural Initiatives John Heard Soil Fertility Specialist 204745-5644, Rob Park Oilseeds Specialist JohnHollinger Organic agriculture Specialist 204-745-5643, David Kaminski Plant http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/contact/soilscrops.html

April 1, 2004 Locations: Box 1149, 65 - 3rd Avenue N.E. Carman, Manitoba R0G 0J0 Phone: (204) 745-5630 Fax: (204) 745-5690 *Soil Survey Location Ellis Building U of Manitoba Campus Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2 Fax: (204) 474-7643 ** Ag Services Complex 204 - 545 University Crescent Winnipeg, MB R3T 5S6 Fax: 204-945-4327 Administration Don Dixon Director Linda Richardson Admin. Assistant Barb Allison Admin. Officer Deb Thoms SAP Clerk Crop Diversification Section Brian Wilson Manager Marina Chabbert Secretary Bill Moons Potato Specialist Pamela deRocquigny Special Crops Agronomist Brent Elliott Entomologist Keith Beaulieu Greenhouse/Alternative Crops Specialist Kim Brown Weed Specialist Anthony Mintenko Fruit Crops Specialist Tracy Shinners-Carnelley Potato Pest Management Specialist Philip Northover Plant Pathologist Crop Development Section Daryl Domitruk Manager Cheryl Fraser Secretary Dave Campbell Crops Specialist John Heard Soil Fertility Specialist Rob Park Oilseeds Specialist Bruce Brolley Pulse Crop Specialist John Hollinger Organic Agriculture Specialist

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