21. Soil Fertility: Index has been a problem in many countries that have intensive agriculture production.Mobile nutrients such as nitrogen can move out of the soil profile into the http://interactive.usask.ca/ski/agriculture/soils/soilfert/

What is Soil? Soil Formation Soil Classification Soil Physics ... Living Soil Soil Fertility Soil Management Macronutrients Micronutrients Nutrient Cycles ... Saskatchewan Soils A plant needs at least seventeen elements to grow and reproduce. Hydrogen, oxygen and carbon are supplied by the environment the other fourteen are supplied by the soil. Elements that are required by plants in relatively large amounts are called macronutrients ; elements that are required in smaller amounts are called micronutrients . Each element has one or more specific functions in plant metabolism. The study of the ability of the soil to supply and sustain adequate amounts of nutrients for plant growth is called soil fertility . How plants take up nutrients and use them in their metabolism is called plant nutrition . Many soil physical and chemical characteristics affect the availability of nutrients to plants. The nutrient cycles determine the long term sustainability of fertility. But in the short term, the chemical form of the nutrient in the soil, how it moves to the plant root ( ion movement ) through the pore space of soils is most important. Nutrient deficiencies can usually be corrected with the addition of chemical or natural organic

22. Rodale Institute Rodale runs the Regenerative agriculture Resource Center working with farmers to improve the quality of agricultural soils in Senegal. Report and contact details. http://fadr.msu.ru/rodale/

Global Programs U.S. RARC - Farming Systems Trial (FST) - Compost Utilization Trial (CUT) - School of Composting - SARE Apple Project ... DESFIL- Development Strategies for Fragile Land Publications - International Ag-Sieve (Vol. 1-7) International Ag-Sieve Information Sheets

23. Untitled Document SARE's Sustainable agriculture Network publishes books, bulletins and online resources highlighting SAREfunded project 814 k) Building soils for Better Crops, 2nd Edition http://www.sare.org/htdocs/pubs/resources

24. Saskatchewan Interactive: Agriculture soils. Without fertile soils, agriculture in Saskatchewan would cometo a grinding halt. Find out how soils are formed, why they http://interactive.usask.ca/ski/agriculture/

History Farm Life Animals Crops ... Convrsn. Table Here we see the homestead of William Richard Motherwell (1860-1943), Saskatchewan's first Minister of Agriculture. The word agriculture is derived from two Latin words; agri , meaning field; and cultura , to cultivate. It is the activity of growing crops and raising livestock. Cultivated land occupies only 11% of the world's land resources but produces about 95% of the world's food. Only 7% of the land in Canada is used for agriculture and 80% of that land is in the Prairie provinces. The agri-food industry includes crop and animal production, the agribusiness sectors that supply herbicides and fertilizers, and the food processing and marketing components that link farms with consumers. Saskatchewan's agriculture is still dominated by wheat production which accounts for 27% of the 5 billion dollars in annual farm cash receipts from crop and livestock production. In 2000, wheat and durum accounted for about 33% of the province's 4.1 billion of agiculture and food exports. History Travel back to the beginning of agriculture in Canada . Learn how our forefathers started in Saskatchewan's trademark industry. What really happened during the " dirty thirties Farm Life What are the different types of farms ? What is life like on a farm? What happens throughout the year? Check out this section to find out about life on crop and

25. Earthworm Ecology And Sustaining Agriculture A paper from the Center for Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, University of California, exploring the effects of earthworms in farmed soils. http://www.sarep.ucdavis.edu/worms/werner.htm

Home Site Map Calendar Search ... Webmaster Earthworm ecology and sustaining agriculture Matthew R. Werner Center for Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 Reprinted from Components, vol. 1, no.4 (Fall 1990) Earthworms can play a variety of important roles in agroecosystems. Their feeding and burrowing activities incorporate organic residues and amendments into the soil, enhancing decomposition, humus formation, nutrient cycling, and soil structural development (Mackay and Kladivko, 1985; Kladivko et al., 1986). Earthworm burrows persist as macropores which provide low resistance channels for root growth, water infiltration, and gas exchange (Kladivko and Timmenga, 1990; Zachmann and Linden, 1989). Quality, quantity and placement of organic matter is a main determinant of earthworm abundance and activity in agricultural soils (Edwards, 1983; Lofs-Holmin, 1983), as are disturbances of the soil by tillage, cultivation, and the use of pesticides (Doran and Werner, 1990). This article will review recent information on earthworms as it relates to the sustainability of agriculture. For further information, see Lee (1985) or Satchell (1983).

26. Organic Ag And Resource Conservation NRCS SQ have a wealth of experience regarding crop rotations, cover crops, soil health,and Organic agriculture is an approach to farming that may be wellsuited to http://soils.usda.gov/sqi/soil_quality/land_management/organic.html

27. Pictures On Nature And Society - Photos Nature & Société - Bruno Locatelli More than 1000 pictures on tropical forets, biodiversity, agriculture, soils, and cities. http://www.locatelli1.net/

Photothèque "Nature et Société" Bruno Locatelli Picture Portfolio on Nature and Society Recherche Contenu Nouveau Liens ... Contact visites depuis nov 2001 visits since nov 2001

28. Hydric Soils NRCS Soils United States Department of agriculture Natural Resources ConservationService, soils, Go to Accessibility Information Skip to Page Content, http://soils.usda.gov/use/hydric/

29. Soil Orders The Twelve Soil Orders Soil Taxonomy, In 1975, Soil Taxonomy was publishedby the United States Department of agriculture s Soil Survey Staff. http://soils.ag.uidaho.edu/soilorders/

University of Idaho College of Agricultural and Life Sciences Home Soil Orders ... Soil Links The Twelve Soil Orders Soil Taxonomy In 1975, Soil Taxonomy was published by the United States Department of Agriculture's Soil Survey Staff. This system for classifying soils has undergone numerous changes since that time, and the 2nd edition was published in 1999. Soil Taxonomy remains one of the most widely used soil classification systems in the world. At the highest level, Soil Taxonomy places soils in one of 12 categories known as orders. We have put together a collection of information and images to illustrate the distribution, properties, ecological significance, and use of these 12 soil orders. To view these resources, simply select a link from the list on the right. Information about each of the 12 soil orders US Distribution Map of the 12 soil orders ... Soil Taxonomy For information about the World Reference Base for Soil Resources, visit this web site: World Reference Base for Soil Resources If you have any comments, suggestions, or questions about the 12 Soil Orders web site, please contact

30. Soil Songs | NRCS Soils Songs by the department of agriculture about mud. http://soils.usda.gov/education/resources/k_12/songs/index.html

Soils Home About Us Soil Survey Soil Use ... Contact Us Search Soils All NRCS Sites for Education Soil Facts Resources Organizations ... Centers and Institutes Francis Hole authored many of the following songs. Dr. Hole was a Wisconsin professor of soil science. His love of soil and enthusiasm for nature is evident in his songs. Thanks go to the GLOBE project of NASA for assembling these songs by Francis Hole. Most other songs were assembled from schools involved in the GLOBE project. Where credit is known, it is recorded. Mud, Mud, Mud Mud, mud, mud. What a glorious thing is mud! Mud, mud, mud. What a wonderful thing is mud! It sticks and stacks, it squeezes through cracks, Between your toes goes mud. It plops and drops, and oozes and goozes, Thick or thin it’s Mud! Mud, mud, mud. What a glorious thing is mud! Mud, mud, mud. What a wonderful thing is mud! It’s mud pie, in your eye, The cake it makes are grand. It covers your feet, it covers your face, Stir it with both hands. Mud, mud, mud. What a glorious thing is mud! Mud, mud, mud.

31. Department Of Soil, Water And Environmental Science Homepage, University Of Ariz The Soil, Water and Environmental Science Department (SWES) is part of the College of agriculture at the University of Arizona. Research and classes focus on land, water, environmental quality, and plant nutrition. M.S. and Ph.D. Degrees are offered in Soil, Water and Environmental Science. B.S. Degrees are offered in Soil and Water Science or in Environmental Science. http://ag.arizona.edu/SWES/

Welcome to the department of Soil, Water and Enviromental Science. We are part of the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at the University of Arizona in Tucson. Our students, faculty and staff are involved in teaching, research and extension in our community, as well as worldwide. document located at http://ag.arizona.edu/swes University of Arizona College of Agriculture and Life Sciences webmaster: kjoseph@ag.arizona.edu Department Mailing Address The University of Arizona Room 429 Shantz Building #38 P.O. Box 210038 Tucson, Arizona 85721-0038 Phone: (520) 621-1646 FAX: (520) 621-1647 E-mail

32. Soils - Agriculture, Science - Zaz Corporation Research on physicochemistry and biology of agricultural soils, metabolism andnutrition of crops, management of agricultural soils and nutrient balance. http://www.zaz.com/Science/Agriculture/Soils/

Home, Science, Agriculture SOILS ... The Worldwide Soil Jumpstation Resources on soil, soil science, and soil management. Huge list of links. Intended for agriculture and horticulture. homepages.which.net Soils Online Resource list of soil websites www.hintze-online.com Soil Science Links From Adelaide, Australia. www.waite.adelaide.edu.au Integrated Crop Management Detailed, research-based articles for better management decisions produced weekly from spring to fall by Iowa State University's Entomology Department. www.ipm.iastate.edu Soil and Water Web Internet links and current news on all aspects of soil and hydrologic sciences. soilweb.tripod.com Government agency dedicated to the conservation of soil and water resources. Website contains useful information on conservation techniques for farmland and rural and suburban communities. www.go-concepts.com Soil and Water Science Program Research and extension activities in soil fertility and water management, with the objective of increasing nutrient use efficiency while minimizing the impact to the environment. www.imok.ufl.edu

33. Apison Series Official soil survey from the Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of agriculture. http://www.statlab.iastate.edu/soils/osd/dat/A/APISON.html

34. Canadian Soil Classification A taxonomy of soils. http://interactive.usask.ca/ski/agriculture/soils/soilclass/soilclass_can.html

Soil Classification Canadian Classification The Canadian Classification (Taxonomy) organizes soils first into Orders, then Great Groups, then Sub-Groups, then Families and finally Series or Associations. Soil Order The highest or broadest level of classification is the Order reflecting which of the soil forming factors had the most influence of soil formation. Nine orders are recognized with specific horizon characteristics. Within Saskatchewan most of the soil orders are represented, although the main agricultural area is dominated by soils of the Chernozemic Order. The northern agricultural/forest transition areas are mainly Luvisolic soils and boreal forest soils are dominated by Brunisolic soils. To the far north, the subsoil rarely thaws so that we have permafrost giving rise to Crysolic soils. Wherever there is standing water and restricted drainage, Organic soils form, usually in the wetter forested regions. Gleysolic soils develop in areas that are subjected to periodic waterlogging. Parent material that contains a high proportion of soluble salts give rise to Solonetzic soils.

35. Homepage Frieder Graef Personal homepage about soils/agriculture research in Niger, Chad and Israel, including soil erosion and desertification. http://www.uni-hohenheim.de/~graef/

36. Fertilizer Use And Crop Production This site has information on soil testing, fertilizer recommendations, micronutrients, plant tissue analysis, organic soils, calculation of fertilizer rates and manure. http://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/crops/cropproduction/faa04s00.html#_1_3

37. SCIENCES Of SOILS - Soil Sciences On The WEB Soil Physics. Lecture Notes in Soil Physics. agriculture.Texas Plant Desease Handbook. Forest soils. http://hintze-online.com/sos/soils-online.html

The Soils Online page was created to guide soil scientists through the daily expanding information in the Internet. This page will always be under construction! New links are being added as we become aware of them. If you would like us to include a link to a certain Home Page, please give us information CONTENTS Soil Science Worldwide Virtual Libraries / Databases Institutions / Organizations Teaching and Learning Online ... Taxononmies and Soil Profiles Soil Science Worldwide NSCSS unofficial Soil Science Home Page. A selection of American sites, and a guide to soil science related mailing lists The University of Western Australia , with a selction of Australian and New Zealand sites Soil Science Links Site at Adelaide, Australia. Very well structured and sorted. Institute of Soil Science University of Goettingen - The server provides information about soils of Europe (still growing selection of images) and contents of some journals. A lot of information about the institute and some links in Germany, Europe and the World. University of Hawaii at Manoa - Agronomy and Soil Science - Horst Vogel's (fine) private selection of many soil science related links. Includes links to mailing lists, GIS and environmental topics.

38. Soil Resource Database For Saskatchewan This database provides information on physical and chemical attributes of the soil, landscape characteristics, and interpretive data. http://interactive.usask.ca/ski/agriculture/soils/soilmap/index.html

What is Soil? Soil Formation Soil Classification Soil Physics ... Soil Catena The Saskatchewan Soil Database and its Applications Thematic or interpretive maps produced from the analysis serve as illustrative or decision support tools to address issues in resource management such as land-use suitability, soil conservation and potential crop diversity. Soil data is an essential component of many models such as those that predict surface runoff, wind and water erosion, crop yield and global climate change (carbon fixation models). Here we see a national map illustrating the wind erosion risk for soils. CONTENT A Spatial Framework Provincial and National Coverage Regional Coverage Soil Catena/Association Updated Dec 14 2002

39. Soils & Compost: ATTRA - National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service Health, Northeast Region SARE slideshow NRCS Soil Quality Institute Soil And HealthLibrary The Health of Our soils Toward sustainable agriculture in Canada. http://www.attra.org/soils.html

800-346-9140 (English) Home Site Map Who We Are Contact Us ... Master Publication List Enter your email above and click Go. Newsletter Archives ATTRA - National Sustainable Agriculture Information Service P.O. Box 3657 Fayetteville, AR 72702 Home Healthy soil can improve crop and livestock production. The publications and other resources listed here offer information on how to assess, improve and maintain soil health for both croplands and pastures. Several publications address fertilization and composting specifically for organic production. Soil management can also play an important role in protecting water quality, and additional resources are listed on that topic. ATTRA Publications NOTE: Some of the following documents are available as Adobe Acrobat PDFs. Download Acrobat Reader Soil Management: Sustainable Soil Management Summary HTML PDF / 3.8 mb

40. Agriculture & Environment Division of division and its research projects.......IACRRothamsted,UK. Aims to optimise crop yield and quality while protecting soils, water, the food chain and the global environment through an understanding of nutrient acquisition, nutrient transformations, soil ecology and remediation. http://www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk/aen/aenindex.htm

Agriculture and the environment division RRes home Search Research AEN division home ... Useful links Rothamsted Research Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ England Tel: +44 (0) 1582 763133 Fax: +44 (0) 1582 469036 E-mail: Secretary Head of division: Dr Keith Goulding Our aim is to optimise crop yield and quality while protecting soils, water, the food chain and the global environment through an understanding of nutrient transformations, soil ecology and remediation. Nutrient Dynamics Soil Protection and Remediation Carbon Cycling Biomathematics ... Comments and suggestions about this WEB site are always welcome

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