Zitkala-Sa Or Gertrude Simmons Bonnin Gertrude Simmons Bonnin (ZitkalaSa) (1876-1938). . American LiteratureSites Foley Library Catalog Zitkala-Sa Biography and links http://www.gonzaga.edu/faculty/campbell/enl311/zitkala.htm
Fiction: Zitkala-Sa Back to List ZitkalaSa (1876-1938) LINKS Internet Public Library Native AmericanAuthors Project http//www.ipl.org/cgi/ref/native/browse.pl/A91 http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/litlinks/fiction/zitkala.htm
Extractions: MM_preloadImages('../images/m_research_o.gif'); MM_preloadImages('../images/m_related_o.gif'); MM_preloadImages('../images/m_literary_o.gif'); MM_preloadImages('../images/m_critical_o.gif'); MM_preloadImages('../images/m_essays_o.gif'); MM_preloadImages('../images/m_poetry_o.gif'); MM_preloadImages('../images/m_drama_o.gif'); MM_preloadImages('../images/m_fiction_o.gif'); Zitkala-Sa [Gertrude Simmons Bonnin, (1876-1938)] was born at the Yankton Sioux Agency in South Dakota, the third child of Tate I Yohin Win (Reaches for the Wind), a full-blood Dakota woman, and a white man who deserted the mother before her daughter's birth. Zitkala-Sa was raised in the Dakota Sioux tribe, but in 1884 she was persuaded to follow missionaries back to a Quaker boarding schools for Indians in Wabash, Indiana. After six years at the boarding school, Zitkala-Sa studied at Earlham College in Richmond, Indiana, from 1895 to 1897 and then began to teach at Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Pennsylvania in 1899. There, under the Lakota name Zitkala-Sa (Red Bird), she started to publish autobiographical stories in magazines. In 1900
Extractions: Meanwhile, the estrangement from her mother and the old ways of the reservation had grown, as had her indignation over the treatment of American Indians by the state, church, and population at large. Around 1900 she began to express her feelings publicly in writing. In articles in the Atlantic Monthly and other journals she struggled with the issues of cultural dislocation and injustice that brought suffering to her people. But her authorial voice was not merely critical. She was earnestly committed to being a bridge builder between cultures, for example, by writing Old Indian Legends, published in 1901. "I have tried," she says in the introduction to that work, "to transplant the native spirit of these talesroot and allinto the English language, since America in the last few centuries has acquired a second tongue." In the following decades, Zitkala-Sa's writing efforts were increasingly part of, and finally supplanted by, her work as an Indian rights activist. She had accepted a clerkship at the Standing Rock Reservation, where she met and married Raymond T. Bonnin, another Sioux employee of the Indian service. The Bonnins then transferred to a reservation in Utah where they became affiliated with the Society of American Indians. Zitkala-Sa was elected secretary of the Society in 1916, and the Bonnins moved to Washington, D.C., where she worked with the Society and edited the
Images Of Zitkala-Sa Images of ZitkalaSa. In the last years of the nineteenth century, photographer Gertrude Käsebier (1852-1934) began photographing members of Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show in New York City. Käsebier had met Zitkala-Sa (1876-1938) in New York in the last years Käsebier's portraits of Zitkala-Sa reflect Zitkala-Sa's complicated multiple identities. Zitkala-Sa (or "Red http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/dept/history/lavender/zitkalasaimages.html
Extractions: In Keiley's portrait of her, he presents Zitkala-Sa as a dreamy, unfocused representative of Indian womanhood. Among the several portraits Keiley took of Zitkala-Sa are four photographs of her in Chinese dress; these represent Keiley's view of her as an exotic "type" without regard to her individual identity or her Lakota origins.
ZITKALA-SA AS TOLD BY ZitkalaSa. Zitkala-Sa (Red Bird), Gertrude Simmons Bonnin, 1876-1938, was born at the In 1916 Zitkala was elected secretary-treasurer of the Society of American http://www.y-indianguides.com/pfm_ik_zitkalasha.html
Extractions: THE IKTOMI LEGENDS AS TOLD BY ZITKALA-SA Zitkala-Sa (Red Bird), Gertrude Simmons Bonnin, 1876-1938, was born at the Yankton Reservation in South Dakota where she was raised as a Lakota Sioux. She attended a Quaker missionary school in Indiana, White's Manual Labor Institute. She later attended Earlham College, 1895-1897, also in Indiana, then taught at Carlisle Indian Training School. In 1916 Zitkala was elected secretary-treasurer of the Society of American Indians, also editing their journal, American Indian Magazine. In 1921 she founded her own political organization, the National Council of American Indians. Much more information about Red Bird can be found here ". . . I prefer to their dogma my excursions into the natural gardens where the voice of the Great Spirit is heard in the twittering of birds, the rippling of mighty waters, and the sweet breathing of flowers. If this is Paganism, then at present, at least, I am a Pagan."
Zitkala-Sa "The old legends of America belong quite as much to the blueeyed little patriot as to the black-haired aborigine. From Old Indian Legends by Zitkala-Sa. Zitkala-Sa Gertrude Simmons Bonnin 1876-1938 Zitkala-Sa was born at the Yankton http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/dept/english/CLit/ZITKALA/zitkala.html
Extractions: "The old legends of America belong quite as much to the blue-eyed little patriot as to the black-haired aborigine. And when they are grown tall like the wise grown-ups may they not lack interest in a further study of Indian folklore, a study which so strongly suggests our near kinship with the rest of humanity and points a steady finger toward the great brotherhood of mankind, and by which one is so forcibly impressed with the possible earnestness of life as seen through the teepee door! If it be true that much lies "in the eye of the beholder," then in the American aborigine as in any other race, sincerity of belief, though it were based upon mere optical illusion, demands a little respect." From Old Indian Legends by Zitkala-Sa
Gertrude Bonnin (Zitkala-Sa) (Sioux) (1876-1938) Gertrude Bonnin (ZitkalaSa) (Sioux) (1876-1938). Contributing EditorKristin Herzog. Classroom Issues and Strategies. Without a knowledge http://www.georgetown.edu/faculty/bassr/heath/syllabuild/iguide/bonnin.html
Extractions: Gertrude Bonnin (Zitkala-Sa) (Sioux) (1876-1938) Contributing Editor: Kristin Herzog Without a knowledge of Zitkala-Sa's life and the near impossibility for an American Indian woman of her time to publish independently, students will wonder where these stories fit in. It is important to point out the extreme difficulties of a writer trying to preserve a tribal heritage and yet to communicate to a white audience. Besides dealing with matters of biography, history, and style, I think approaching these early American Indian authors from the religious perspective (Native American spirituality versus enforced assimilation to Christian beliefs) is effective in helping students to sense the very basic dilemma of a writer, a problem of cultural and spiritual identity that goes deeper than mere issues of civil rights, important as they are. Students easily identify with the aspect of social criticism or rebellion, but may not find the style particularly attractive because they do not know the historical and biographical background and the tastes of the literary market at this time. Major Themes, Historical Perspectives, and Personal Issues
Gertrude Bonnin (Zitkala-Sa) (Sioux) (1876-1938) Gertrude Bonnin (ZitkalaSa) (Sioux) (1876-1938) Contributing Editor Kristin Herzog Without a knowledge of Zitkala-Sa's life and the near impossibility for an American Indian woman http://www.georgetown.edu/bassr/heath/syllabuild/iguide/bonnin.html
Extractions: Gertrude Bonnin (Zitkala-Sa) (Sioux) (1876-1938) Contributing Editor: Kristin Herzog Without a knowledge of Zitkala-Sa's life and the near impossibility for an American Indian woman of her time to publish independently, students will wonder where these stories fit in. It is important to point out the extreme difficulties of a writer trying to preserve a tribal heritage and yet to communicate to a white audience. Besides dealing with matters of biography, history, and style, I think approaching these early American Indian authors from the religious perspective (Native American spirituality versus enforced assimilation to Christian beliefs) is effective in helping students to sense the very basic dilemma of a writer, a problem of cultural and spiritual identity that goes deeper than mere issues of civil rights, important as they are. Students easily identify with the aspect of social criticism or rebellion, but may not find the style particularly attractive because they do not know the historical and biographical background and the tastes of the literary market at this time. Major Themes, Historical Perspectives, and Personal Issues
Backflip Publisher Tonkteacher Folder Zitkala-Sa About Gertrude Simmons Bonnin (ZitkalaSa) (1876-1938) About arts and literature Library Native American Authors Project Zitkala Sa , 1876-1938 Sioux Dakota Zitkala Sa was born at http://www.backflip.com/members/tonkteacher/9721224/sort=0
Old Indian Legends Old Indian Legends ZitkalaSa, 1876-1938 1876-1938 Zitkala-Sa http://rdre1.inktomi.com/click?u=http://www.archive.org/texts/texts-details-db.p
Reader's Companion To American History - -BONNIN, GERTRUDE The Reader s Companion to American History. BONNIN, GERTRUDE. (18761938), YanktonSioux writer and pan-Indian activist. Bonnin, or Zitkala-Sa, was the author of http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/rcah/html/ah_011300_bonningertru.htm
Extractions: Entries Publication Data Advisory Board Contributors ... World Civilizations The Reader's Companion to American History , Yankton Sioux writer and pan-Indian activist. Bonnin, or Zitkala-Sa, was the author of Old Indian Legends (1901) and American Indian Stories (1921), and a leader in the first twentieth-century political pan-Indian movement, the Society of American Indians (1916-1919). She also founded and served as president of the National Council of American Indians (1926-1938). Zitkala-Sa rose to national prominence in the early decades of the twentieth century as a proponent of cultural pluralism and Indian self-determination in defiance of long-prevailing government acculturation policies. Almost alone among both Indian and white Progressive Era reformers, she rejected the efforts of well-meaning but ethnocentric government and philanthropic assimilationists who sought to "save" the Indian. Throughout her life she demanded American recognition of the continuing viability of Indian societies and an Indian identity. Zitkala-Sa kept the reform pan-Indian movement alive in the decades between the demise of the Society of American Indians in the 1920s and the formation of subsequent organizations. The National Council of American Indians, which she founded in 1926, identified crucial land and resources issues facing Indian peoples while developing techniques to attract public attention. Throughout the 1920s, she worked with the General Federation of Women's Clubs to establish their nationally active Indian Welfare Committee. She participated in an investigation of government abuses endured by Oklahoma Indian peoples and wrote much of the final report published in 1924
American Passages - Unit 8. Regional Realism: Authors Authors ZitkalaSa (Gertrude Simmons Bonnin) (1876-1938) 1801 JNChoate, Group of Omaha boys in cadet uniforms, Carlisle Indian http://www.learner.org/amerpass/unit08/authors-10.html
Extractions: Home Channel Video Catalog About Us ... Contact Us Select a Different Unit 1. Native Voices 2. Exploring Borderlands 3. Utopian Promise 4. Spirit of Nationalism 5. Masculine Heroes 6. Gothic Undercurrents 7. Slavery and Freedom 8. Regional Realism 9. Social Realism 10. Rhythms in Poetry 11. Modernist Portraits 12. Migrant Struggle 13. Southern Renaissance 14. Becoming Visible 15. Poetry of Liberation 16. Search for Identity This link leads to artifacts, teaching tips and discussion questions for this author. Writer, musician, educator, and Indian rights activist, Zitkala-Sa (or Red Bird) was born on the Sioux Pine Ridge Reservation in South Dakota. After her white father abandoned the family, she was brought up by her Indian mother in traditional Sioux ways. At the age of eight, Zitkala-Sa's life was transformed when white missionaries came to Pine Ridge and convinced her to enroll in a boarding school in Wabash, Indiana. Part of a movement to "civilize" Indian children by removing them from their native culture and indoctrinating them in Euro-American ways, the school trained Indian pupils in manual labor, Christianity, and the English language. Zitkala-Sa found it a hostile environment and struggled to adapt.
American Passages - Unit 8. Regional Realism: Authors Go ZitkalaSa (Gertrude Simmons Bonnin) (1876-1938) Writer, musician, educator, andIndian rights activist, Zitkala-Sa (or Red Bird) was born on the Sioux Pine http://www.learner.org/amerpass/unit08/authors.html
Extractions: Home Channel Video Catalog About Us ... Contact Us Select a Different Unit 1. Native Voices 2. Exploring Borderlands 3. Utopian Promise 4. Spirit of Nationalism 5. Masculine Heroes 6. Gothic Undercurrents 7. Slavery and Freedom 8. Regional Realism 9. Social Realism 10. Rhythms in Poetry 11. Modernist Portraits 12. Migrant Struggle 13. Southern Renaissance 14. Becoming Visible 15. Poetry of Liberation 16. Search for Identity Charles W. Chesnutt was a pioneer among African American fiction writers, addressing controversial issues of race in a realist style that commanded the attention and respect of the white literary establishment of the late nineteenth century. Born in Cleveland, Ohio, Chesnutt was the son of free parents who had... Writing at the end of the nineteenth century at the height of the popularity of "local color" fiction, Kate Chopin introduced American readers to a new fictional setting with her evocations of the diverse culture of Cajun and Creole Louisiana. But while much of Chopin's work falls into the category of regionalism , her...
Glynis Carr, Ed. Online Archive 19th C. U.S. Women's Writings ZitkalaSa (Gertrude Bonnin) (1876-1938) A Biography, by Roseanne Hoefel. Impressions of an Indian Childhood, from The Atlantic Monthly (1900). http://www.facstaff.bucknell.edu/gcarr/19cUSWW/
Extractions: Lewisburg, PA. Last update: August 29, 2001. Preface Editorial Practices and Textual Notes Conditions of Use Contributors ... Acknowledgements Lydia Maria Child (1802-1880) Elizabeth Stuart Phelps (1815-1852) Harriet Prescott Spofford (1835-1921) Sarah Orne Jewett (1849-1909) Kate Chopin (1851-1904) Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) "The Yellow Wall-Paper" from The New England Magazine Victoria Earle Matthews (1861-1907) "Aunt Lindy: A Story Founded on Real Life" (1893). Designed by Jennifer L. Ciotta.
Why I Am Pagan By Zitkala-Sa Why I Am Pagan by ZitkalaSa (Gertrude Bonnin) (1876-1938). Writtenin 1902. When the spirit swells my breast I love to roam leisurely http://13moons.org/bos/why_i_am_pagan.htm
Extractions: (Gertrude Bonnin) (1876-1938) Written in 1902. When the spirit swells my breast I love to roam leisurely among the green hills; or sometimes, sitting on the brink of the murmuring Missouri, I marvel at the great blue overhead. With half closed eyes I watch the huge cloud shadows in their noiseless play upon the high bluffs opposite me, while into my ear ripple the sweet, soft cadences of the river's song. Folded hands lie in my lap, for the time forgot. My heart and I lie small upon the earth like a grain of throbbing sand. Drifting clouds and tinkling waters, together with the warmth of a genial summer day, bespeak with eloquence the loving Mystery round about us. During the idle while I sat upon the sunny river brink, I grew somewhat, though my response be not so clearly manifest as in the green grass fringing the edge of the high bluff back of me.
Timeline 18471931), Parade of Buffalo Bill s Wild West Show (1898) Zitkala-Sa (1876-1938), Impressions of an Indian Childhood (1900about 1870s-1880s) Mary Austin http://www.library.csi.cuny.edu/dept/history/lavender/time502.html
Gertrude Simmons Bonnin (Zitkala-Sa) - Voices From The Gaps GERTRUDE SIMMONS BONNIN (ZitkalaSa) 1876-1938. A Christianity pugilist commentedupon a recent article of mine, grossly perverting the spirit of my pen. http://voices.cla.umn.edu/newsite/authors/BONNINgertrudesimmons.htm
Extractions: A 'Christianity' pugilist commented upon a recent article of mine, grossly perverting the spirit of my pen. Still I would not forget that the pale-faced missionary and the hoodooed aborigine are both God's creatures, though small indeed their own conceptions of Infinite Love. A wee child toddling in a wonder world, I prefer to their dogma my excursions into the natural gardens where the voice of the Great Spirit is heard in the twittering of birds, the rippling of mighty waters, and the sweet breathing of flowers. If this is Paganism, then at present, at least, I am a Pagan. - "Why I Am A Pagan" Biography - Criticism Selected Bibliography Related Links Gertrude Simmons Bonnin, Zitkala Sha (Red Bird), was an extraordinarily talented and educated Native American woman who struggled and triumphed in a time when severe prejudice prevailed toward Native American culture and women. Her talents and contributions in the worlds of literature, music, and politics challenge long-standing beliefs in the white man's culture as good, and Native Americans as sinful savages. Bonnin aimed at creating understanding between the dominant white and Native American cultures. As a woman of mixed white and Native American ancestry, she embodied the need for the two cultures to live cooperatively within the same body of land. Her works criticized dogma, and her life as a Native American woman was dedicated against the evils of oppression.
Backflip Publisher Tonkteacher Folder Zitkala-Sa Native American Authors Zitkala Sa the Internet Public Library Native American AuthorsProject Zitkala Sa , 18761938 Sioux Dakota Zitkala Sa was born at the http://www.backflip.com/members/tonkteacher/9721224/page=1/sort=0/linkspp=25
