The Pre-colonial Roots Of Soccer In South Africa populated settlements, while the Sothotswana emphasized craft may not have become the people s game in the centuries old tradition of indigenous athleticism. http://people.bu.edu/palegi/imidlalo.html
Extractions: The Pre-colonial Origin of Soccer's Popularity in Modern South Africa INTRODUCTION HISTORIOGRAPHICAL PROBLEMS IN SOUTH AFRICAN SPORT STUDIES STICK FIGHTING TRADITIONS IN RURAL AREAS There was little time for leisure during the agricultural season between planting and harvesting. The leisure activities that did take place occurred in the late afternoon and evening hours, when men played a local version of the mancala board game, drank beer, or smoked dagga. Women had less leisure time than men, but, nevertheless, liked to participate in story-telling, singing, and dancing. When more time became available in the (dry) winter months men organized hunting parties, activities aimed at fulfilling both subsistence and leisure objectives. In a society where leisure was not seen as shameful, and time corresponded to the rhythm of the seasons and lunar cycles, the period between the harvest and the new planting season, presented rural South Africans, especially younger ones, with time to dedicate to leisure and sport. In a book by the uninspired title of The Essential Kafir , published in 1904, Dudley Kidd observed in Zululand that "[t]he boys have great fencing matches with sticks, every boy using two sticks, one to parry with and one for thrusting. They manage the sticks with wonderful agility, and it is a practice which is useful to them through life." Though most sources discuss boys' stick fighting, it appears that girls and male adults also fought with sticks. British Catholic missionary and self-proclaimed 'Zulu expert' A.T Bryant, in his monumental ethnography
Veronica's Description Of South Africa South Sotho, Swazi Swati, Tsonga, tswana, Venda, Xhosa languages spoken by South africa s people reflect the Works composed in the indigenous languages have http://www.trin.by.ru/sa.htm
Extractions: Officially REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA formerly UNION OF SOUTH AFRICA The southernmost country on the African continent. It has an area of 470,693 square miles (1,219,090 square kilometres). It measures almost 1,000 miles (1,600 kilometres) from north to south, as well as from east to west. South Africa is bordered by Namibia to the northwest, by Botswana and Zimbabwe to the north, and by Mozambique and Swaziland to the northeast and east. Lesotho, an independent constitutional monarchy, is entirely surrounded by South African territory in the eastern part of the republic. South Africa's coastlines border the Indian Ocean to the southeast and the Atlantic Ocean to the southwest. The capitals are Pretoria (executive), Cape Town (legislative), and Bloemfontein (judicial). South Africa is relatively isolated, distant even from major African cities such as Nairobi, Kenya (more than 1,500 miles away), and Lagos, Nigeria (more than 2,400 miles away); it is 5,100 miles from South America, 4,700 miles from Australia, and more than 6,000 miles from most of Europe, North America, and eastern Asia, where many of its major economic links lie. The four original provinces of South AfricaCape of Good Hope, Orange Free State, Transvaal, and Natalwere reorganized in 1994 into nine new provinces: Western Cape, Northern Cape, Eastern, North-West, Free State, Gauteng, Eastern Transvaal, Northern, and KwaZulu/Natal; Eastern Transvaal subsequently was renamed Mpumalanga. South Africa possesses two small subantarctic islands, Prince Edward and Marion, situated in the Indian Ocean about 1,200 miles southeast of Cape Town. The former South African possession of Walvis Bay, an enclave on the Atlantic coast some 400 miles north of the Orange River, was transferred to Namibia in 1994.
Extractions: note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 42.5% (male 414,559; female 404,346) 65 years and over: 3.5% (male 30,038; female 38,486) (2003 est.) Population growth rate: 1.49% (2003 est.) Birth rate: 34.1 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) Death rate: 19.17 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) Net migration rate: migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) Sex ratio: at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
Extractions: note: South Africa took a census October 1996 that showed a population of 40,583,611 (after an official adjustment for a 6.8% underenumeration based on a postenumeration survey); estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 30% (male 6,460,273; female 6,377,090) 65 years and over: 5% (male 864,441; female 1,288,864) (2003 est.) Population growth rate: 0.01% (2003 est.) Birth rate: 18.87 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) Death rate: 18.42 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) Net migration rate: -0.35 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.) Sex ratio: at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
South African Languages | English In South Africa Xhosa, siSwati, Ndebele, Southern Sotho, tswana, Northern Sotho of English and another indigenous language is of the South African situation and its people. http://www.cyberserv.co.za/users/~jako/lang/esa.htm
Extractions: In the South African context, English has been both a highly influential language, and a language influenced, in different ways and to different degrees, by processes of adaptation within the country's various communities. Recent estimates based on the 1991 census (Schuring, 1993) indicate that approximately 45% of the South African population have a speaking knowledge of English (the majority of the population speaking an African language, such as Zulu, Xhosa, Tswana, or Venda, as home language). The number of individuals who cite English as a home language appears to be, however, only about 10% of the population. Of this figure it would seem that at least one in three English speakers come from ethnic groups other than the white one (in proportionally descending order, from the South African Indian, Coloured, and Black ethnic groups). This figure has shown some increase in recent years. The coming of the English Records indicate that English people made initial contact with southern Africa prior to the period of formal British colonization of the area (Silva 1995). From the 16th century onwards, for instance, English explorers and traders who visited the region began to introduce a vocabulary describing the land and its people.
Adam Carr's Electoral Archive africa, but under pressure from the northward advance of the Afrikaaners some tswana migrated into what is now Botswana, displacing the indigenous San people. http://psephos.adam-carr.net/botswana/statsbotswana.html
Extractions: Ethnicity: Over 90% of the population are of African stock, and about 80% are Tswana. The largest minority groups are the Kalanga (11%) and Basarwa (3%). There is a 7% European minority. Languages: English is the official language and the language of government and business: it is the first language of about 5% and the second language of about 30%. Over 70% speak Tswana. Other languages include Kalanga (11%), Kgalagadi (3%), Afrikaans (2%), Herero (2%), Shua (2%) and Yeyi (2%).
He Applicability Of The Aboriginal Tit groups, such as the Basters, Damara, nama, Herero, tswana, Bushmen, Ovambo Also, indigenous people in Namibia, as in the rest of Southern africa, do not http://www.firstpeoples.org/land_rights/southern-africa/whatsnew/westcaprivi.htm
Extractions: Introduction The doctrine of aboriginal title has not received a lot of attention in Namibia. As a matter of fact, the doctrine found its way into the Namibian Courts only in 1997 when the Kxoe community in the western Caprivi region of Namibia challenged the Namibian Government on their land and environmental rights. The case never proceeded any further, probably because of the Namibian Government would have had to defend racist laws and apartheid practices of the South African and German colonial governments - indeed a very uncomfortable defence for a independent Namibia. Aboriginal title presents very important legal consequences for the claimant community, such as claiming compensation for land expropriated without just compensation or simply to reclaim their land. In independent Namibia many minority and indigenous communities are faced again with land dispossession.
Destination South Africa, Travel Guide On South Africa Sotho, Southern Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, tswana and Venda. indigenous South African cuisine is not wildly exciting reflects the ethnic diversity of its people. http://www.journeymart.com/DExplorer/Africa/SouthAfrica/default.asp?SubLink=DExp
Trans World Radio-Africa several projects, TWR will reach the people of South africa by radio in their indigenous languages. They will begin with Zulu and expand into tswana, Xhosa and http://www.twrafrica.org/0040.asp
Extractions: Home Programme Schedules Listeners Letters Technical News ... Order Your Newsletter I am a nurse working a rural hospital. My responsibility is to test people for HIV/AIDS. So many are coming to the clinic and my heart goes out them. It is very trying for them to wait for the results. I often see the fear in their eyes. As a Christian I see this as a great opportunity to care for them and comfort them. Many people write to Trans World Radio from across the continent with similar stories of heartbreak and agony. HIV/AIDS is still a tremendous factor to be reckoned with, also in South Africa. KwaZulu-Natal, for example, had a huge crisis in 2001 when hospitals could not cope with dying HIV/AIDS patients coming for help. The South African Medical Journal reported that hospital beds at the Northdale and Edendale Hospitals in Pietermaritzburg and in several rural hospitals ran at 120% over capacity because of HIV/AIDS. Dr Kocholeff, chief of the HIV/AIDS clinic at Edendale Hospital, estimated that this pandemic will kill 400 000 KwaZulu-Natalians before 2006. Poverty remains a tremendous challenge to South Africa. Although the country has a well developed first world infrastructure in some parts, the Kwazulu Natal, Mpumulanga and Limpopo provinces still have more rural impoverished communities than anywhere else in the country. Trans World Radio is committed to reaching out to the disadvantaged communities in South Africa in a very real way with practical biblical programmes that will change lives.
Extractions: By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z S Related Category: South African Political Geography The population of South Africa is 75% black (African) and 13% white (European), with about 9% people of mixed white, Malay, and black descent (formerly called "Coloured"), and 3% of Asian (mostly Indian) background. Although these ethnic divisions were rigidly enforced under the policy of apartheid South Africa has 11 official languages, nine of which are indigenous : Zulu, Xhosa, Tswana, Sotho, Swazi, Venda, Ndebele, Pedi, and Tsonga. Many blacks also speak Afrikaans (the first language of about 60% of the whites and the majority of those of mixed race) or English (the first language of most of the rest of the nonblacks). A lingua franca called Fanagalo developed in the mining areas, but it is not widely used today. About 68% of the population is Christian; major groups include the Dutch Reformed, Anglican, Methodist, Roman Catholic, and Zionist churches. Over 28% of the population follows traditional African religions, and there are small minorities of Muslims, Hindus, and Jews. Sections in this article:
Come2capetown.com; Cape Town And South Africa ::the City:: came from places like East africa, Madagascar, Ceylon languages as the settlers made contact with indigenous people. the Xhosa, Sotho and tswana languages owe http://www.come2capetown.com/thecity/people_language/afrikaans.asp
Extractions: /Afrikaans For about 50 years of the last century the Afrikaans language represented repression and everything that was wrong with South Africa. On 16 June 1976, groups of black students in Soweto and other townships around South Africa protested at having to be taught in Afrikaans. The though owes its existence to blacks. Die Taal developed in two different streams, the one black and the other white. Afrikaans has been entangled in politics- used, some would say abused- as a tool by the white mostly Afrikaner nationalist government to impose its will on those it wished to opress. Afrikaans- although not having an identity yet- had its origins in the then Cape Colony where people from all over the world converged, some forcibly brought to these shores others, like sailors, seeking fame and wealth. The slaves at the Cape who came from places like East Africa, Madagascar, Ceylon and the Indonesian archipelago needed to speak a common language. Mixing all their languages together a form of Creole Dutch emerged spoken by the new arrivals to the colony including Protestant Huguenot settlers from France.
Tourist Attractions, Northern Cape South Africa some 8 000 photographs of the indigenous people of Southern most of South africa s tribal people to work Robert Moffat s translation of the Bible into tswana. http://www.sa-venues.com/north_cape_attractions_info.htm
Extractions: SOUTH AFRICA SEARCH BY MAP REGIONS Western Cape ... ADVERTISE Use this menu to Navigate the Northern Cape: General Information Tourist Information Tourist Attractions QUICK Search for Accommodation by Map Hotel Accommodation Game Park Accommodation Self Catering Accommodation Special Accommodation Offers Car Hire Travel Agents Tour Packages Air Charter Atlas / Maps Restaurants NORTHERN CAPE ATTRACTIONS: KIMBERLEY Click on the area you wish to visit: Kimberley By the turn of the century, Kimberley had become the diamond capital of the world, and South Africa was well on the way to establishing herself as the most highly industrialised country on the continent. Kimberley's diamond millionaires were largely responsible for financing the Witwatersrand goldfields. Today, Kimberley is a modern city with broad, tree-lined streets, attractive parks and gardens, comfortable hotels and busy shopping centres. But the extraordinary saga of its past, an aura of adventure and drama, seems ever-present. It's easy to conjure up a picture of the diggers, loafers, gamblers and "ladies" of ill repute who once inhabited the dusty shanty town. Bultfontein Mine Five kilometres out of town, the Bultfontein Mine is still operational. Surface tours are offered twice a day from Monday to Friday and include a video presentation on the history of Kimberley, modern diamond mining and recovery methods and a tour of the surface workings. Advance booking is required for underground tours.
Worldstats: Providing Information About Our World! Hindu 1.5% (60% of Indians), indigenous beliefs and Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, tswana, Venda, Xhosa History People have inhabited southern africa for http://www.worldstats.org/world/south_africa.shtml
Extractions: note: South Africa took a census October 1996 that showed a population of 40,583,611 (after an official adjustment for a 6.8% underenumeration based on a postenumeration survey); estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.) Population growth rate:
Vacation Packages - Africa This is where our people have lived since before the that no person other than a Bushman indigenous to the name is a protection name, a tswana name he has http://www.go2africa.com/articles_temp.asp?article_id=10
Probert Encyclopaedia: People And Peoples (T-Thn) The tswana language belongs to the Bantu branch of the Niger Congo family. TUKANO. The Tukano are an indigenous South American Indian people of the http://www.probertencyclopaedia.com/CE.HTM
Extractions: Browse: General Information Actors People Gazetteer ... Dictionary (Translations provided by freetranslation.com T J Jarvis was an American politician. He was a Democratic governor of North Carolina from 1879 until 1885. T R Caldwell was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of North Carolina from 1871 until 1874. T T Geer was an American politician. He was a Republican governor of Oregon from 1899 until 1903. The Tanguts are a nomadic, pastoral Tibetan people of the Kan-su province of China A tabarder was the name given to a scholar on the foundation of Queen's College, Oxford England , so called because their original dress was a tabard See " Ticunas. The Tagalog are the majority ethnic group living around Manila on the island of Luzon , in the Philippines , who number about 10 million. The Tagalog live by fishing and trading. In its standardized form, known as Pilipino, Tagalog is the official language of the Philippines, and belongs to the Western branch of the Austronesian family. The Tagalog religion is a mixture of animism, Christianity, and Islam. See " Thinklits.
BBNet Guide To South Africa Among the indigenous black people of South africa there Cape are in fact widely diverse people comprising many The tswana, spread across the Northern cape and http://www.bbnet.co.za/sa_guide/
Extractions: This information is supplied courtesy of Greenlife Southern Africa South Africa is a diverse and beautiful country situated at the end of Africa. A land of wonder and awe, South Africa is truly a world in one country - big cities, wide open spaces and some of the finest game viewing in the world. The following guide will help you plan your trip through South Africa and provide many useful tips and tricks. All visitors need a valid passport or travel document that must be registered with an immigration officer upon arrival in and departure from South Africa. Foreign Customs
NCBuy: South Africa People - Country Statistics HIV/AIDS Infected People Living 5 million (2001 est 2%, Hindu 1.5% (60% of Indians), indigenous beliefs and Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, tswana, Venda, Xhosa http://www.ncbuy.com/reference/country/people.html?code=sf
Africa the white population, German 32%, indigenous languages Oshivambo Ndebele, Pedi, Sotho, Swazi, Tsonga, tswana, Venda, Xhosa first language of most people is one http://www.ethiotrans.com/africa.htm
Extractions: ALRC County Flag Language Support Algeria Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects Yes Angola Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages Yes Benin French (official), Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in south), tribal languages (at least six major ones in north) Yes Botswana English (official), Setswana Yes Burkina Faso French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population Yes Burundi Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area) Yes Cameroon 24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official) Yes Central African Republic French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), Arabic, Hunsa, Swahili Yes Chad French (official), Arabic (official), Sara and Sango (in south), more than 100 different languages and dialects Yes Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Extractions: note: South Africa took a census October 1996 which showed a population of 40,583,611 (after an official adjustment for a 6.8% underenumeration based on a postenumeration survey); estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.) Age structure:
