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Romania History: more books (100)

Romania: Documente straine despre romani (Romanian Edition)
History of Transylvania, Vol. 2 by Laszlo Makkai, 2002-08-15
Rumania 1866-1947 (Oxford History of Modern Europe) by Keith Hitchins, 1994-07-28
Cultural Politics in Greater Romania: Regionalism, Nation Building, and Ethnic Struggle, 1918-1930 by Irina Livezeanu, 2000-12
Heroes and Victims: Remembering War in Twentieth-Century Romania (Indiana-Michigan Series in Russian and East European Studies) by Maria Bucur, 2009-10-30
Romania and World War I: A Collection of Studies by Glenn E. Torrey, 1999-10
Romania and World War II
Romania's Tortured Road Toward Modernity (EEM) by Thomas J Keil, 2006-05-01
Assignment : Bucharest: An American Diplomat's View of the Communist Takeover of Romania by Donald Dunham, 2000-06
Ceausescu and the Securitate: Coercion and Dissent in Romania, 1965-1989 by Dennis Deletant, 1996-12
The Road to Life: The Rescue Operation of Jewish Refugees on the Hungarian-Romanian Border in Transylvania, 1936-1944 (Bibliotheca Judaica (Cluj-Napoca, Romania), 2.) by Moshe Carmilly-Weinberger, 1998-01-26
The Roma in Romanian History by Viorel Achim, 2004-12-01
Essays on Romanian History by Radu R. Florescu, 1999-10-01
General Henri Berthelot and Romania: Memoires Et Correspondence, 1916-1919 (East European Monographs) (French Edition)

lists with details

Romaniabynet.com
Columbus World Travel Guide Europe - romania - history and World Travel Guide - romania - history and Government - includes information on the constitution and politics.
http://www.romaniabynet.com/Romania/History.asp?SnID=1422107397
Romania's History And Vehicle Index
As of 1941 romania had 35 Czech R1 tankettes, 126 R-2, 73 French R-35 (some were obtained from the Polish 21st Armored Battalion who had fled to romania in
http://www.wwiivehicles.com/html/romania/

Extractions: Home WWII ASL Forums ... Photos General Ion Antonescu came to power in September 1940. He signed the Tripartite Pact in November 1940. As of 1941 Romania had 35 Czech R-1 tankettes, 126 R-2 , 73 French R-35 (some were obtained from the Polish 21st Armored Battalion who had fled to Romania in 1939), and 60 FT-17 s. The 1st Tank Regiment had the R-2s , the 2nd Tank Regiment had the R-35s , and the 1st Royal Cavalry had the R-1s. Due to the lack of spare parts the R-35 were not part of the attack on Russia in 1941. After the drive on Odessa and the Don campaigns of 1942 the tanks were worn out. In September of 1942 PzKpfw IIIs and IVs were purchased from Germany. After the disaster at Stalingrad the Germans provided 50 PzKpfw 38(t)s in March 1943 to the 1st Tank Regiment. From November 1943 PzKpfw IVs and StuG IIIs were supplied. The Brasov factory in 1942 started to convert the R-2s to self-propelled anti-tank mounts with captured ZiS-3 76 mm Soviet guns. The Germans later provided Soviet T-60 tanks that had the Soviet F-22 76 mm added. They were designated TACAM ( Tun autopropulsat cu afet mobile 76.2 mm) R-2 or T-60.
Window To Romania - Romanian History
history (Adapted from history of Romanians Ion Calafeteanu). Books on Romanian history. The Books on Romanian history. Copyright
http://windowtoromania.com/wtr/history.asp

Extractions: Romania is situated in Central Europe, in the northern part of the Balkan peninsula and its territory is marked by the Carpathian Mountains, the Danube and the Black Sea. With its temperate climate and varied natural environment, which is favourable to life, the Romanian territory has been inhabited since time immemorial. At the turn of the second millennium, when the Palaeolithic age made way for the Bronze age, the Thracian tribes of Indo-European origin settled alongside the population that already lived in the Carpathian-Balkan region. From the time of the Thracians on, the uninterrupted phenomenon of the Romanian peoples birth can be traced. The contact of the Geto-Dacians, a Thracian tribe ("the wisest and the most correct one" -Herodot) with the Greek world was made easy by the Greek colonies created on the present-day Romanian Black Sea shore: Istros (Histria), founded in the 7th century BC, Callatis (today: Mangalia) and Tomi (today: Constanta). Burebista the king (82 - around 44 BC), who succeeded to unite the Geto-Dacian tribes for the first time, founded a powerful kingdom that stretched, when the Dacian sovereign offered to support Pompey against Caesar (48 BC), from the Beskids (north), the Middle Danube (west), the Tyras river (the Dniester), and the Black Sea shore (east) to the Balkan Mountains (south).
Window To Romania - Books On Romania From Amazon
A must read for all the nostalgics of the monarchy as well as for all who are interested in the Romanian history. Click here to learn more. or from AMAZON UK.
http://windowtoromania.com/wtr/amazontype.asp?iType=4
Cultura.ro - Discover Romania - Romanian History
Discover romania romanian history The romanian territory, having a temperate climate and a diversified natural environment, delimited by the Carpathian
http://www.ministerulculturii.ro/engleza/descopera_romania/istoria.html
Alianta Romanilor Canadieni - Alliance Of Romanian Canadians - Www.ARCweb.ca
romania A Brief history The ancient romanian history began in the 7th and 6th Centuries BC, when the Greeks founded a number of colonies on the Black Sea shore
http://www.arcweb.ca/en/index.asp?pag=history
Romania - History
history. romania Table of Contents EARLY history. Man first appeared in the lands that now constitute romania during the Pleistocene
http://countrystudies.us/romania/3.htm

Extractions: History Romania Table of Contents Man first appeared in the lands that now constitute Romania during the Pleistocene Epoch, a period of advancing and receding glacial ice that began about 600,000 years ago. Once the glaciers had withdrawn completely, a humid climate prevailed in the area and thick forests covered the terrain. During the Neolithic Age, beginning about 5500 B.C., Indo-European people lived in the region. The Indo-Europeans gave way to Thracian tribes, who in later centuries inhabited the lands extending from the Carpathian Mountains southward to the Adriatic and Aegean Seas. Today's Romanians are in part descended from the Getae, a Thracian tribe that lived north of the Danube River. Originally polytheistic nature-worshippers, the Thraco-Getae developed a sun cult and decorated their artwork with sun symbols. Herodotus, a Greek historian, reports that the Getae worshipped a god named Zalmoxis, a healing thunder god who was master of the cloudy sky; however they did not depict Zalmoxis in any plastic form. The people offered agricultural products and animals as sacrifices and also cremated their dead, sealed the ashes in urns, and buried them. By about 300 B.C., the Lower Danube Getae had forged a state under the leadership of Basileus Dromichaites, who repulsed an attack by Lysimachus, one of Alexander the Great's successors. Thereafter, native Getian leaders protected the coastal urban centers, which had developed from Greek colonies. From 112 to 109 B.C. the Getae joined the Celts to invade Roman possessions in the western Balkans. Then in 72 B.C., the Romans launched a retaliatory strike across the Danube but withdrew because, one account reports, the soldiers were "frightened by the darkness of the forests." During the third and second centuries B.C., the Getae began mining local iron-ore deposits and iron metallurgy spread throughout the region. The ensuing development of iron plowshares and other implements led to expanded crop cultivation.
History Of Romania
romania disappeared from recorded history for hundreds of years, to reemerge in the medieval period as the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia.
http://www.worldrover.com/history/romania_history.html

Extractions: HISTORY From about 200 B.C., when it was settled by the Dacians, a Thracian tribe, Romania has been on the path of a series of migrations and conquests. Under the emperor Trajan early in the second century A.D., Dacia was incorporated into the Roman empire, but was abandoned by a declining Rome less than two centuries later. Romania disappeared from recorded history for hundreds of years, to reemerge in the medieval period as the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. Heavily taxed and badly administered under the Ottoman empire, the two Principalities were unified under a single native prince in 1859, and had their full independence ratified in the 1878 Treaty of Berlin. A German prince, Carol of Hohenzollern, was crowned first King of Romania in 1881. The new state, squeezed between the Ottoman, Austro-Hungarian, and Russian empires, with Slav neighbors on three sides, looked to the West, particularly France, for its cultural, educational, and administrative models. Romania was an ally of the Entente and theU.S.in World War I, and was granted substantial territories with Romanian populations, notably Transylvania, Bessarabia, and Bukovina, after the war. Most of Romania's pre-World War II governments maintained the forms but not the substance of a liberal constitutional monarchy. The quasi-mystical, fascist Iron Guard movement, exploiting nationalism, fear of communism, and resentment of alleged foreign and Jewish domination of the economy, was a key factor in the creation of a dictatorship in 1938. In 1940-41, the authoritarian General Antonescu took control. Romania entered World War II on the side of the Axis Powers in June 1941, invading the Soviet Union to recover Bessarabia and Bukovina, which had been annexed in 1940.
Art History Romania- History Of Art Romania - Art History Romania In Ottoman Emp
history of romania in Ottoman Times. The reign of Michael the Brave of Walachia (15931601) marked the high point of romanian autonomy in romanian history.
http://www.easterncorner.com/Romania.htm

Extractions: History of Romania in Ottoman Times Between the 14th and 18th centuries the Romanian principalities of Moldavia and Walachia evolved as part of the Eastern Orthodox religious and cultural world: their ecclesiastical allegiance was to the Patriarchate of Constantinople; their princes emulated the Byzantine emperors and drew their written law from Byzantine codes; their economy was agrarian and their society rural; and their art and literature followed Eastern religious and didactic patterns in Romanian History. Yet the Romanians also possessed qualities that set them apart from their neighbours and drew them westward: they spoke a language derived from Latin, and they recognized the Romans as their ancestors. Nearly four centuries of Ottoman Turkish domination between the 15th and 19th centuries reinforced the Romanians' attachment to the East in Romanian History. Hardly had the principalities achieved independence than they were forced to confront the relentless advance of Ottoman armies into southeastern Europe. By recognizing the suzerainty of the sultan and by paying him annual tribute, the Romanians avoided direct incorporation into the Ottoman Empire. In Romanian History , The Romanians thus preserved their political institutions, laws, and social structure, and they avoided a massive settlement of Muslims onto the land.
Now Romania - The Romanian Business Center Online
Online business center and romanian web directory. Virtual journey to romania for information on business, travel, news, investment, weather, maps, history, taxes, and dictionary.
http://www.now.ro
ROMANIA - Official Travel And Tourism Information. History
history of romania. romania s history has not been as idyllically peaceful as its geography. Over the centuries, various migrating people invaded romania.
http://www.romaniatourism.com/history.html

Extractions: History Romania's history has not been as idyllically peaceful as its geography. Over the centuries, various migrating people invaded Romania. Romania's historical provinces Wallachia and Moldova offered furious resistance to the invading Ottoman Turks. Transylvania was successively under Hapsburg, Ottoman or Wallachian rule, while remaining an autonomous province. Romania's post WWII history as a communist-block nation is more widely known, primarily due to the excesses of the former dictator Nicolae Ceausescu. In December 1989 a national uprising led to his overthrow. The 1991 Constitution established Romania as a republic with a multiparty system, market economy and individual rights of free speech, religion and private ownership. Recommended reading: Romania, An Illustrated History by Nicholas Klepper, - an insightful synthesis addressed to all those who want to learn about Romania's history, politics, culture, and society.
Travel In Bucharest, Romania - History - WorldTravelGate.net®
Bucharest history. Home. BUCHAREST, romania. Brief history. Bucharest began as a fort on the Dîmbovi ta River, but its location on
http://www.eurotravelling.net/romania/bucharest/bucharest_history.htm

Extractions: Bucharest - History BUCHAREST, Romania Brief History Bucharest began as a fort on the Dîmbovi ta River, but its location on the trade routes across the Walachian Plain between the Danube River and the Carpathian Mountains stimulated further growth. In the 17th century it became the capital of the state of Walachia. After the foundation of the state of Romania in 1859, it became the capital of the new country. Between that time and World War I, the city grew in size, but the most rapid period of expansion took place following the war. It was during this period that the city took on its present appearance. Romania sided with Germany during World War II, and Bucharest was damaged by Allied air raids. After the war the center of the city was rebuilt, and new industrial and residential districts were laid out. In 1947, when the Communists came to power, Bucharest became the capital of the new Socialist republic. A disastrous earthquake on March 4, 1977, destroyed many of the poorly constructed buildings in the center of the city and killed about 1,500 people. A major effort was made to reconstruct the damaged areas. After the fall of Romania's Communist government in February 1990, Bucharest became the capital of the new republic. Population (1989 estimate), 2,194,583. click to go back
Travel In Constanta, Romania - History - WorldTravelGate.net®
The history of the first years of our era came to the fore due to its name of Constanta and becomes residence of Constanta region, integrant part of romania.
http://www.eurotravelling.net/romania/constanta/constanta_history.htm

Extractions: Constanta - History In the middle of the 3rd century and the beginning of the 4th century considerable efforts were made in order to restore the town. It was then when remarkable monuments were built: the Roman building with the mosaic, thermae, residential districts with paved streets, portals and sewers, underground galleries, etc. The wall of the precincts was built in the same period and was subsequently restored several times, the last time in the 6th century AC. Between 4 - 6 century AC the fortress becomes an archiepiscopal headquarter. The inscriptions, the Christian monuments and the four huge basilicas illustrate this historical part. During the 6th and even at the beginning of the 7th century, Tomis was violently attacked by the Slavs and the Avars. In the 9th century the region is reorganized by the Byzantine Empire. click to go back
Romanian History - Gypsy Peoples In Romania
Gypsy peoples. home romania history minority peoples gypsy.
http://www.eliznik.org.uk/RomaniaHistory/gypsies.htm

Extractions: Romania Costume Music Dance ... Photos home romania history in the world ... Migration migration map The Gypsy peoples originate from Sind region now in Pakistan. Their Rom language is close to the older forms of Indian languages. The three tribes of Rom Sinti , and Kale probably left India after a succession of campaigns in Sind through the C11, initially spending time in Armenia and Persia, then moving into the Byzantine Empire after the Seljuk Turk attacks on Armenia. Within the Byzantine Empire they dispersed into the Balkans reaching Wallachia (1385) and Moldavia (1370) ahead of this area falling to the Ottoman Turks. Other groups also moved through India to Gujarat and south of Delhi. Gypsy populations can still be found along all these migration routes. When entering west Europe they initially had letters of protection from the King of Hungary. This privileged situation did not last long as amazement at their way of life commonly led to hostilities. The Gypsy way of life still leads to hostilities from the people of their host nations. Europeans regard "private property" as sacrosanct, whereas gypsies do not have a word for "possess", which gives rise to two incompatible ways of life and a continual problem of gypsies being regarded as "thieves" from the European's view. In each host nation gypsies appear to take on the religion, names and language of their hosts, but within the
Romania's History
romania s history. 514 BC, The Persian emperor Darius I attacks and defeats the GeticDacian tribes living on the present romanian
http://www.globalbizgroup.com/history.shtm

Extractions: 82 BC The Getic-Dacian tribes are reunited under the leadership of Dacian King Burebista. The king fights and plots against the looming danger coming from the Roman Empire. Over the next 38 years Dacia expands herself over a vast territory the present Romania, Hungary, Slovakia, Bulgaria and parts of Serbia. However, in 44 BC Burebista's archenemy, Caesar, is assassinated. The Roman threat apparently gone for good, the need for a strong leader vanishes and Burebista is assassinated himself several months later. Centuries IV-IX The so-called "dark millenium." Migratory tribes coming from Central Asia cross former Dacia in all directions. Visigoths are followed by Ostrogoths, Huns, Avars, Gepidae, Slavs, Bulgarians and Hungarians. Some of these tribes settle south of Danube (Slavs and Bulgarians), others in the Panonian Plain (Hungarians), while a sizable amount of Slavs mix with the locals, who are already speaking a Romance language. Hungarians fight against the first Romanian Statelets in Transylvania.
Romania - A Brief History And Geography, Including The Real Dracula
Visit romania at The CatTea Corner© A brief history and geography (including the real Dracula), a photo-tour, current weather, currency exchange rates, and
http://www.catteacorner.com/romania.htm

Extractions: Thirteen pages of pictures from our yearly visits. We'll be adding more soon. After you've toured, don't forget to return here! (And maybe send a picture postcard from one of the places you've "visited.") An English translation of "Dragostea Din Tei" (by Haiducii): Click here "The last stage of Communism is surrealism." - Andrei Codrescu, poet, novelist, and Romanian ex-patriate
Romania
This has placed romania in the path of many migrations and invasions throughout its history yet it has been the cultural imprint of one of the earliest invaders
http://scic.cec.eu.int/Main/enlargement/lan_pres/rom_03.htm

Extractions: SCIC AND THE ENLARGEMENT Romania Romanian History Romanian History Introduction Due to its geographical position , Romania is one of the easiest passable land routes between the Balkans, Moldova and the Ukraine. This has placed Romania in the path of many migrations and invasions throughout its history yet it has been the cultural imprint of one of the earliest invaders, the Romans, which has endured to the present day. The perpetuation of this cultural identity is even more interesting given the Romanian people have rarely been isolated from their Slavic and Finno-Ugric neighbours, particularly the Hungarians. The Dacians The Dacians, a Thracian tribe, were the first migrants in 200BC to what is present day Romania. Under King Burebista (82-44BC) the Dacians flourished and came to rule over the entire Thracian-Geto-Dacian world, extending from the Balkans to the Carpathian Mountains, to the ancient Dnestr River and the Tisza . With the fall of Burebista, the power of the Dacian state weakened until the rule of
Romania - History Of Romania Liebig Trade Cards
history OF romania LIEBIG TRADE CARDS SERIES OF 6 CARDS.
http://www.tkinter.smig.net/Romania/LiebigCards/HistoryOfRomania/
Romania - History Of Liebig Trade Cards
history OF LIEBIG TRADE CARDS. history OF MEAT S EXTRACT. Written by Oscar and Orlando SANGUINETTI. ADVERTISING TRADE CARDS history. Paris, 186572.
http://www.tkinter.smig.net/Romania/LiebigCards/info.htm

Extractions: H ISTORY OF M EAT'S E XTRACT Written by Oscar and Orlando SANGUINETTI Meat extract has been conceived by German chemist Justus von Liebig, it was a method to preserve meat with all its nutrients while reducing its size. An English firm, who owned large cattles farms in South America (in Frey Bentos in Uruguay) liked the concept very much and found it financially appealing. This represented an easier and cheaper way to transport meat from America to Europe. The company decided to start the production of the meat extract and named it after its inventor. New marketing strategies were to be devised to publicise the new product which at the time was perceived as revolutionary (1850), most importantly the housewives had to be convinced to use it in place of fresh meat. ADVERTISING TRADE CARDS' HISTORY Paris, 1865-72. Magazines, radios and televisions did not exist, so how was a product publicised? Mr Boucicaut, the owner of a department store in Paris, had a brilliant idea, that of giving as a present an illustrated card to every kid and mum in the shop. Every Thursday new cards were distributed so to keep the kids interested in going back regularly to the store. Liebig cards collection is still very appreciated today for their high quality of printing and design which was never really matched by any other company. Another phenomenon took place in Italy in 1935 with the Perugina cards (among the rarest is the one of "Il feroce Saladino"). Unfortunately the collection did not have a long and as successful following mainly because the collector had to return the completed album of cards to receive gifts from the company.
Russian And East European Institute
Six Indiana University faculty members are native or fluent speakers of romanian and focus on romania s history, language, and literature as their areas of
http://www.indiana.edu/~reeiweb/index/romania.html

Extractions: E-mail REEI Quick Links Calendar of Events REEIfication Newsletter Summer Workshop (SWSEEL) FLAS Information ... Home Romanian Studies Romanian Studies at Indiana University Study of the history, language, and culture of Romania has been part of the Indiana University curriculum for East European studies since the early 1950s. In its Russian and East European Institute (REEI) and Department of Slavic Languages and Literatures, IU offers: one of the largest concentrations of Romanian studies specialists in the United States; three years of language instruction during the academic year and a summer intensive language program; library resources sufficient to support advanced research in Romanian studies; and strong relationships with Romanian institutions of higher learning.

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