Millennium Relativity Introduces a new theory in relativistic physics to replace Einstein's special and general theories of relativity. http://www.mrelativity.net/
Extractions: Millennium Relativity Relativity Sites News Release - Author profiled in Marquis Whos Who Dissident Sites Government Sites Physics Sites Read First ... Integrated Relativistic Velocity and Acceleration Composition New paper - Added Jan 25 2004 Millennium Theory Equations Updated Feb 10 2004 Millennium Briefs Most Recent Article - Einstein's Velocity Composition Proven Wrong - The Complete Proof ) Most Recent Papers by Contributing Authors Physics News Dung Pham A View to the Mechanical, Optical and Electro-Magnetic Phenomena in the World of Giant Objects Peer Reviews Ajay Sharma The Origin of Generalised Mass-Energy Equation DE = Ac2 DM; its mathematical justification and application in General physics and Cosmology Submitted Papers Karl Thompson A Proposal for an Alternative Model of the Photon Visitor's Forum New Policy on Contributed Works Millennium Relativity Website Progress Report for October 2002 ... History Arthur Urovski Velocity Composition (Most Recent Visitor's Forum Topic) Known Problems (see list of known problems) Site Promotion Paper Contact Site
Extractions: zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Physics Other Fields of Physics General Relativity Home Essentials Worked Physics Problems Student Guides ... Physics FAQ zau(256,152,145,'gob','http://z.about.com/5/ad/go.htm?gs='+gs,''); References, Glossary Worked Problems, Examples Thermodynamics Quantum Physics ... Help zau(256,138,125,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/0.htm','');w(xb+xb); Subscribe to the About Physics newsletter. Search Physics Einstein's general relativity is a theory that describes gravity as an effect of the curvature of space time due to mass. Predictions of this theory include black holes, gravitational waves and the expansion of the the universe. Alphabetical Recent Up a category Frequently Asked Questions about relativity Answers to frequently asked questions (FAQ) about special and general relativity Special Relativity - Time Dilation Explained Special relativity has a number of well known, but poorly understood consequences - one of which is known as "time dilation" - the effect that makes moving clocks run slower than stationary ones. New Upper Limit on the Photon Mass If a photon had mass, it would drastically affect our understanding of the structure of nature. As it stands, we know only that it is very, very light, but a new, even lower, limit on the photon mass has been established.
Nothingness In The Void Theory of black holes and general relativity. http://angelfire.com/journal/nothingnessinthevoid/
Extractions: Cliquez ci-dessus pour une traduction Française de la page web ci-desous Theoretical physics (preferred links) Bernard Chaverondier Professeur agrégé de mécanique If Special Relativity is formulated within the framework of Aristotle space-time and if the relativistic boost invariance of any phenomenon which satisfies this symmetry is interpreted as an intrinsic property of this phenomenon rather than a very property of space-time itself, Special Relativity is compatible with possible causal links between space-like separated events, with a realistic interpretation of the wave function and with an interpretation of Alain Aspect experiment [1], [2] as an action at a distance. 1 Faster Than Light interaction propagation and Minkowski space-time Bells inequalities violation [3], seemed to have been confirmed by Alain aspect experiment. This strongly suggests quantum collapse to be a non local phenomenon. Indeed, when interpreted as an objective phenomenon, the wave function collapse caused by a quantum measurement is an instantaneous action at a distance. Now, instantaneous actions at a distance and faster than light propagation of interactions dont satisfy all of the symmetries of the Poincaré group, because they conflict with the relativistic boost invariance. Some authors like John G. Cramer have resurrected the time symmetric Feynman-Wheeler absorber theory. So have done too Hoyle and Narlikar but within the context of a Steady State or Quasi Steady State cosmology
Analog Models Of General Relativity Website for the Workshop on Analog Models for general relativity, contains links to articles related to the talks, transparencies from the talks, information http://www.physics.wustl.edu/~visser/Analog/
Extractions: Workshop location and funding This workshop dealt with various "analog models" for GR. These analog models include acoustics in flowing fluids, quasi-particles in superfluids, flowing Bose-Einstein condensates, slow light in flowing fluids, nonlinear electrodynamics, the Scharnhorst effect, and more. The common theme in all these analog models is the presence of an effective Lorentzian metric that governs perturbative fluctuations and/or quasi-particles. This effective metric forces the fluctuations to exhibit many of the kinematic features of general relativity, though dynamic features [those specifically based on the Einstein-Hilbert action] typically do not carry over. It seems plausible that we might be able to construct analog horizons in the laboratory in the not too distant future. Such analog horizons are expected to exhibit Hawking radiation, but possibly without any analog of Bekenstein entropy. Analog models of GR are useful probes of Hawking radiation: Because the short-distance physics is explicitly known (atomic physics), the cutoff is physically understood-this helps clarify the role of trans-Planckian frequencies in GR, which in these condensed-matter GR analogs are replaced by "trans-Bohrian" physics.
Riemannian Geometry And General Relativity Riemannian Geometry and general relativity. (Differential Geometry2, MTH 3412, Winter 1997 ). Professor M.Shubin. 2. general Theory of relativity, by PAM.Dirac. http://mystic.math.neu.edu/courses/diffgeom/intro.htm
Extractions: Riemannian geometry is designed to describe the universe of creatures who live on a curved surface or in a curved space and do not know about the world of higher dimensions or do not have any access to it. One of the main notions of the Riemannian geometry is the notion of connection, which is, in fact, the key notion of the entire geometry, though it is not always explicitly formulated. The connection (or parallel transport) allows to compare what is happening at two distant points of a curved space, in spite of the fact that there is no direct and immediate way to communicate between these points. Recently connections appeared in the theory of gauge fields which is considered a basis of the modern physics of elementary particles. Earlier, in the 1910's, A.Einstein discovered that the Riemannian geometry can be successfully used to describe General Relativity which is in fact a classical theory of gravitation. (Here the word ``classical" stands as opposite to ``quantum", but the quantum theory of gravitation is still terra incognita!) By its intrinsic beauty, as well as by wealth of applications the Riemannian geometry lies at the core of modern mathematics.
ThinkQuest : Library : Einstein: Man In Spacetime His Works, general relativity. Einstein s original form of general relativity has been verified many times since it s conception. http://library.thinkquest.org/17508/Generalrelativity.html
Extractions: Index Physical Science Who was Albert Einstein, and why was he so great? If you don't know the answers, check out this terrific web site. An extensive time line covers his life, works, and his legacy. Read about his contributions to the study of physics, and then find out how he compares to another great genius, Newton. This is a nicely designed, well-thought-out web site that could be used in most high school physics and science classes. Visit Site 1998 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Languages English Students Jenny Conway High School, Conway, AR, United States Robert Conway High School, Conway, AR, United States Coaches Ming-fang Conway High School Media Center, Conway, AR, United States Want to build a ThinkQuest site? The ThinkQuest site above is one of thousands of educational web sites built by students from around the world. Click here to learn how you can build a ThinkQuest site. Privacy Policy
Remarks On General Relativity Remarks on general relativity. Michael Fowler University of Virginia. general relativity and the Global Positioning System. Despite http://www.phys.virginia.edu/classes/252/general_relativity.html
Extractions: In Einstein's little book Relativity: the Special and the General Theory , he introduces general relativity with a parable. He imagines going into deep space, far away from gravitational fields, where any body moving at steady speed in a straight line will continue in that state for a very long time. He imagines building a space station out there - in his words, "a spacious chest resembling a room with an observer inside who is equipped with apparatus." Einstein points out that there will be no gravity, the observer will tend to float around inside the room. But now a rope is attached to a hook in the middle of the lid of this "chest" and an unspecified "being" pulls on the rope with a constant force. The chest and its contents, including the observer, accelerate "upwards" at a constant rate. How does all this look to the man in the room? He finds himself moving towards what is now the "floor" and needs to use his leg muscles to stand. If he releases anything, it accelerates towards the floor, and in fact all bodies accelerate at the same rate. If he were a normal human being, he would assume the room to be in a gravitational field, and might wonder why the room itself didn't fall. Just then he would discover the hook and rope, and conclude that the room was suspended by the rope.
[gr-qc/0304052] Developments In General Relativity: Black Hole Singularity And B An outline of the recent achievements in our understanding of the nature of the singularity inside a rotating black hole. This presentation also addresses the questions Can we see inside a black hole? and Can a falling observer cross the singularity without being crushed? http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0304052
Extractions: At the 20-th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics there was a plenary talk devoted to the recent developments in classical Relativity. In that talk the problems of gravitational collapse, collisions of black holes, and of black holes as celestial bodies were discussed. But probably the problems of the internal structure of black holes are a real great challenge. In my talk I want to outline the recent achievements in our understanding of the nature of the singularity (and beyond!) inside a realistic rotating black hole. This presentation also addresses the following questions: Can we see what happens inside a black hole? Can a falling observer cross the singularity without being crushed? An answer to these questions is probably "yes". References and citations for this submission:
[gr-qc/9804039] Quantum Geometry And Black Holes Nonperturbative quantum general relativity provides a possible framework to analyze issues related to black hole thermodynamics from a fundamental perspective. http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/9804039
Extractions: Non-perturbative quantum general relativity provides a possible framework to analyze issues related to black hole thermodynamics from a fundamental perspective. A pedagogical account of the recent developments in this area is given. The emphasis is on the conceptual and structural issues rather than technical subtleties. The article is addressed to post-graduate students and beginning researchers. References and citations for this submission:
General Relativity A laymen's guide to the theory of general relativity. http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Cyberia/NumRel/GenRelativity.html
Extractions: GIF Image The large ball will cause a deformation in the sheet's surface. A baseball dropped onto the sheet will roll toward the bowling ball. Einstein theorized that smaller masses travel toward larger masses not because they are "attracted" by a mysterious force, but because the smaller objects travel through space that is warped by the larger object. Physicists illustrate this idea using embedding diagrams Contrary to appearances, an embedding diagram does not depict the three-dimensional "space" of our everyday experience. Rather it shows how a 2D slice through familiar 3D space is curved downwards when embedded in flattened hyperspace. We cannot fully envision this hyperspace; it contains seven dimensions, including one for time! Flattening it to 3D allows us to represent the curvature. Embedding diagrams can help us visualize the implications of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. Another way of thinking of the curvature of spacetime was elegantly described by Hans von Baeyer. In a prize-winning
Extractions: Index Physical Science Theory of Relativity A brief introduction of General Relativity and Special Relativity. Visit Site 1996 ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Languages English Students Nick Watertown High School, Watertown, WI, United States Julie Johnson Creek High School, Johnson Creek, WI, United States Coaches Robert Watertown High School, Watertown, WI, United States Joseph Johnson Creek High School, Johnson Creek, WI, United States Want to build a ThinkQuest site? The ThinkQuest site above is one of thousands of educational web sites built by students from around the world. Click here to learn how you can build a ThinkQuest site. Privacy Policy
General Relativity Astronomy. 1.11 general relativity. Special gravity. The cornerstone of general relativity is something known as the principle of equivalence. http://www.herts.ac.uk/astro_ub/a13_ub.html
Extractions: Astronomy Special relativity dealt with observers and systems that were in uniform constant motion to one another. Einstein wanted to extend this work to the general case, when a system is changing its velocity as well. This is the case when something is accelerating. By extending relativity to accelerating frames of reference, Einstein also formulated a new, and so far, the best theory of gravity. The cornerstone of general relativity is something known as the principle of equivalence . It states that the conditions present in a gravity well can be exactly reproduced by an accelerating frame of reference. Also, a frame of reference with a force acting upon it, say a force of gravity, can be counteracted by a correctly chosen and applied acceleration. Thus forces and accelerations are equivalent. So, if we can understand an accelerating space , up and down, left and right and in and out can be linked with our one dimension of time, forwards. These can be thought of as a four dimensional spacetime continuum . Anything which moves through the universe travels along straight lines within this continuum. The lines are called geodesics and although they are straight, the continuum they move through, is often curved. This curvature occurs when massive objects such as stars, planets and, on much larger scales, galaxies distort the spacetime continuum into
Weyl One of the first people to combine general relativity with the laws of electromagnetism http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Weyl.html
Extractions: Hermann Weyl Hilbert . After submitting a doctoral dissertation He attempted to incorporate electromagnetism into the geometric formalism of general relativity. Weyl published (1913) which united analysis, geometry and topology . He produced the first guage theory in which the Maxwell electromagnetic field and the gravitational field appear as geometrical properties of space-time. From 1923-38 he evolved the concept of continuous groups using matrix representations . With his application of group theory to quantum mechanics he set up the modern subject. He also made contributions on the uniform distribution of numbers modulo 1 which are fundamental in analytic number theory More recently attempts to incorporate electromagnetism into general relativity have been made by John Wheeler, Kaluza and others. These theories, like Weyl's, lack the connection with quantum phenomena that is so important for interactions other than gravitation.
April 20: Gravity, Black Holes, Wormholes general relativity The second part of relativity is general relativity and lies on two empirical findings that he elevated to the status of basic postulates. http://blueox.uoregon.edu/~karen/astro123/lectures/lec09.html
Extractions: General Relativity The second part of relativity is general relativity and lies on two empirical findings that he elevated to the status of basic postulates. The first postulate is the relativity principle: local physics is governed by the theory of special relativity. The second postulate is the equivalence principle: there is no way for an observer to distinguish locally between gravity and acceleration. The primary result from general relativity is that gravitation is a purely geometric consequence of the properties of spacetime. In this sense, general relativity is a field theory, relating Newton's law of gravity to the field nature of spacetime. Orbit in curved spacetime There were two classical test of general relativity, the first was that light should be deflected by passing close to a massive body. The first opportunity occurred during a total eclipse of the Sun in 1919. Measurements of stellar positions near the darkened solar limb proved Einstein was right. Direct confirmation of gravitational lensing was obtained by the Hubble Space Telescope last year.
Riemann Although he died before the development of general relativity, his work in nonEuclidean geometries is very important to studying a curved spacetime. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Riemann.html
Extractions: Bernhard Riemann 's father, Friedrich Bernhard Riemann, was a Lutheran minister. Friedrich Riemann married Charlotte Ebell when he was in his middle age. Bernhard was the second of their six children, two boys and four girls. Friedrich Riemann acted as teacher to his children and he taught Bernhard until he was ten years old. At this time a teacher from a local school named Schulz assisted in Bernhard's education. In 1840 Bernhard entered directly into the third class at the Lyceum in Hannover. While at the Lyceum he lived with his grandmother but, in 1842, his grandmother died and Bernhard moved to the Johanneum Gymnasium Legendre 's book on the theory of numbers and Bernhard read the 900 page book in six days. Gauss Gauss did lecture to Riemann but he was only giving elementary courses and there is no evidence that at this time he recognised Riemann's genius. Stern, however, certainly did realise that he had a remarkable student and later described Riemann at this time saying that he:-
General Relativity Papers general relativity/Atomic Theory Papers. general relativity Papers This page provides links to papers on how to simulate relativistic http://www.mindspring.com/~sb635/relat.htm
Extractions: General Relativity Papers This page provides links to papers on how to simulate relativistic orbits, in the domains of both the very big and the very small. The first general relativity paper, entitled "A Numerical Solution of the Relativistic Kepler Problem," describes the algorithms necessary to implement Schwarzschild-type orbits. The second general relativity paper presents the results for the more complicated Kerr orbits. The Schwarzschild paper can be accessed by clicking on this link . Each GIF file contains a page from the actual journal and collectively are an attempt at seeing how such a presentation works on the web. This link will take you to the second general relativity article made available by Computers in Physics , published by the American Insitute of Physics , on a numerical application of the General Theory of Relativity, entititled "Simulating Relativistic Orbits about a Black Hole." The paper describes how to numerically simulate Kerr orbits. There, you can download (also see the link immediately below) the text and figures of the journal article in Postscript, in Adobe Acrobat's PDF format, or in a TeX ASCII text file. For those of you who want to directly access the Kerr article as GIF files, click on this link To download a PC executable of an orbit program that numerically generates Kerr (or Schwarzschild) orbits, please click on
Sitter Mathematician who studied solution to general relativity and developed DeSitter space http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Sitter.html
Extractions: Willem De Sitter studied mathematics at Groningen and then joined the Groningen astronomical laboratory. He worked at the Cape Observatory in South Africa (1897-99) then, in 1908, de Sitter was appointed to the chair of astronomy at Leiden. From 1919 he was director of the Leiden Observatory. In 1913 de Sitter produced an argument based on observations of double star systems which proved that the velocity of light was independent of the velocity of the source. It put to rest attempts which had been made up until this time to find emission theories of light which depended on the velocity of the source but were not in conflict with experimental evidence. De Sitter corresponded with Ehrenfest in 1916, and he proposed that a four- dimensional space- time would fit in with cosmological models based on general relativity. He published a series of papers (1916-17) on the astronomical consequences of Einstein 's general theory of relativity. He found solutions to
Rotating Universes And Time Traveling Thesis, Mach's principle, Einstein's general relativity, equation and diagram. http://www.ettnet.se/~egils/essay/essay.html
Extractions: References A title like 'Rotating Universes and Time Traveling' is certainly enough for some people to consider me a mad scientist or an incurable geek. Maybe they are right, I don't know. In any case, my Ph.D. thesis [1] deals with these subjects, particularly the rotation part. I believe there are some people on the Net who may be interested in this stuff. That's why I decided to write this article, largely based on my thesis, and put it online. I should mention that I left the research in 1984, and there may be some development in this area that I'm not aware of. I would be grateful if some reader could notify me in that case. The article begins with explaining what is meant by a rotating universe. Experience has shown that this is a very difficult concept. But as it is, Einstein's General Relativity theory does allow for rotating universes: There are such explicit mathematical solutions. Some of the rotating universes also turn out to have the shocking property that they allow (in theory) for traveling backwards in time, although the connection with rotation is not clear. What's a Rotating Universe?
