Tricks Of The Imperialist Forked Tongue: Chinese Imperialism Only few of these indigenous people exist on that were labeled Marxists and the kongo and Ovimbundu Europeans into exterminating the aboriginal peoples of the http://www.expotimes.net/pastissues/issue000927/chinese.htm
Extractions: BACK ISSUES AFRICAN AFFAIRS Tricks of the Imperialist Forked Tongue: Chinese Imperialism By Dr. Daniel Tetteh Osabu-Kle Imperialism is independent of colour and the Chinese are no exception to this rule. An indispensable characteristic of imperialism is racism but because the Chinese are supposed to be of yellow colour being part of the Mongolian race, there is some tendency to assume that the Chinese are not imperialists because they are also discriminated against by the institutionalised racism of the West, and China was virtually colonised by the West. It is undeniable that Western imperialism forced opium down the throat of the Chinese in the so-called opium wars. However, having a previous history of imperialist domination does not by itself prevent any country or people from becoming imperialist and engage in the process of exploitation of the human and material resources of other people.
Extractions: BACK ISSUES BOOK REVIEW Reviewer: Kofi Akosah-Sarpong in Ottawa, Canada TITLE: KONGO POLITICAL CULTURE AUTHOR: Wyatt MacGaffey PUBLISHER: Indiana University Press, 601 North Morton Street, Bloomington, IN 47404-3797 USA. 2000 PAGES: 269 PRICE: US$39.95 From independence to date, Africans have practiced Socialism, Marxism, Communism, and all brands of democracy. Africans have practiced America’s Presidential system, the French system, and Britain’s Parliamentary system. All these have been imported by Africa's modernizing elite thought by their unsuspecting African followers as ‘educated", ‘learned’, ‘brilliant’, and all that. From Ghana’s Kwame Nkrumah to Guinea’s Sekou Toure to Ghana’s Kofi Busia to Kenya’s Jomo Kenyatta to Ethiopia’s Mengistu Haile Mariam to Malawi’s Kamuzu Banda to Benin Republic’s Mathieu Kerekou to Zambia’s Kenneth Kaunda Africa has seen not only the continuation of colonial values but also the deliberate copying of alien political values on Africans.
MSN Encarta - Africa This great concentration of people gave the king further African qualities and strengthening indigenous African religious The kings of kongo were prepared to http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572628_14/Africa.html
Extractions: MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items African Art and Architecture African Languages more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks Africa News Search MSNBC for news about Africa Internet Search Search Encarta about Africa Search MSN for Web sites about Africa Also on Encarta Editor's picks: Good books about Iraq Compare top online degrees What's so funny? The history of humor Also on MSN Summer shopping: From grills to home decor D-Day remembered on Discovery Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement Page 14 of 18 Africa Multimedia 159 items Dynamic Map View map of Africa Article Outline Introduction Natural Environment People of Africa Economy ... History E Kanem-Bornu In the Lake Chad region, far to the east of the Niger bend, trans-Saharan trade was controlled by the state of Kanem, founded by Nilo-Saharan Kanuri nomads in about 800. By 1000 Kanem came under the leadership of the Saifawa clan, who established an Islamic dynasty and a settled capital at Njimi, north of Lake Chad.
MSN Encarta - Africa The kongo of the DRC, the Ganda of whether they represent a surviving indigenous Khoikhoi population or is considered synonymous with how people are identified http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572628_8/Africa.html
Extractions: MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Money Web Search: logoImg('http://sc.msn.com'); Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade to Encarta Premium Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Send us feedback Related Items African Art and Architecture African Languages more... Magazines Search the Encarta Magazine Center for magazine and news articles about this topic Further Reading Editors' Picks Africa News Search MSNBC for news about Africa Internet Search Search Encarta about Africa Search MSN for Web sites about Africa Also on Encarta Editor's picks: Good books about Iraq Compare top online degrees What's so funny? The history of humor Also on MSN Summer shopping: From grills to home decor D-Day remembered on Discovery Switch to MSN in 3 easy steps Our Partners Capella University: Online degrees LearnitToday: Computer courses CollegeBound Network: ReadySetGo Kaplan Test Prep and Admissions Encyclopedia Article from Encarta Advertisement Page 8 of 18 Africa Multimedia 159 items Dynamic Map View map of Africa Article Outline Introduction Natural Environment People of Africa Economy ... History B African Languages The number of distinctive languages spoken in Africa is open to debate. Some experts put the number at around 2,000, while others count more than 3,000. Virtually all of these languages originated in Africa. The most widely spoken indigenous African language is Swahili, spoken by nearly 50 million Africans, followed by Hausa and Yoruba, each with more than 20 million speakers. Several languages have only a few thousand speakers. Scholars generally recognize four African language families: Niger-Congo, Afro-Asiatic, Nilo-Saharan, and Khoisan.
BLACK PEOPLE; BLACK WORLD: AFRICA, AMERICAS, INDIA, MELANESIA of indigenous africans (and people descended from indigenous Negro africans africa to France, drawn and painted by the same people. kongo 1400 s to 1700 s 23. http://community-2.webtv.net/BARNUBIANEMPIRE/BLACKPEOPLEBLACK/
Extractions: The PAN-NEGRO OR BLACK WORLD IS A REALITY ON A GLOBAL SCALE and that reality includes almost two billion people who are pure to mixed Negroid/Black people with a variety of skin tones from blue-black skins in parts of Africa and South India to yellowish-brown skins in Southern Africa and Melanesia as well as Latin America and the US. Negro Africans in all parts of Africa including these small groups of "mixed" Negroes in Sudan and parts of North Africa. Among these groups would also be the Felahim of Egypt, some of the people of the coastal areas of North Africa who are descended from the original Numidians, Caanites, Carthaginians, original Black Berber (more on the original Black Berbers/Moors of North Africa see www.blackconsciousness.com
Earlyafrica.html Angola fared even worse than the kongo after the Both Islamic and Mediterranean Christian peoples had been indigenous African slavery resembled that of other http://www.loyno.edu/~seduffy/earlyafrica.html
Extractions: outline AFRICA The two biggest outside influences were Islam, which initially appeared in Africa around the 8 th century, and the arrival of western Europeans after 1500. The spread of Islam was part of a large-scale regional phenomenon happening across the East. Its influences was strongest on both coasts (it tended to be spread by ship-based trade), and in the area above the Sahara desert. The second phenomenon, the establishment and growth of the Western international slave trade from the 15 th to the 19 th ISLAM The spread of Islam started around 8 th In Eastern Africa, Islamic traders moved down the coast with the ancient monsoon routes, and began the "Islamization" of the Eastern coast before 800 AD. From the 13 th century onward, there was a growth not only of Islamic communities, but also of Islamic-style city-states, which became a major factor in the area's commercial life. In West and Central Africa, Islam penetrated south of the Sahara into the Sudan along overland desert routes rather than by sea trade, and came with traders from North Africa and the Nile Valley. It spread to trading towns on the edge of the Sudan as early as the 8 th century, and from there spread south to commercial centers. It also was spread from Egypt into central and Western Sudan by emigrants seeking new land. The first conversions were voluntary, but after 1030s, some Islamic militants were trying to convert by force. Still, major groups in West Africa, especially below the Niger, remained strongly resistant to Islam.
Traditions And Encounters | Table Of Contents army in 1591 Revolts of subject peoples brought the in Mali; Blended Islam with indigenous beliefs and Antonian movement of kongo, a syncretic cult, addressed http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072424354/student_view0/chapter26/table_o
Extractions: Student Center Instructor Center Information Center Home ... World History PowerWeb Choose a Chapter Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Chapter 11 Chapter 12 Chapter 13 Chapter 14 Chapter 15 Chapter 16 Chapter 17 Chapter 18 Chapter 19 Chapter 20 Chapter 21 Chapter 22 Chapter 23 Chapter 24 Chapter 25 Chapter 26 Chapter 27 Chapter 28 Chapter 29 Chapter 30 Chapter 31 Chapter 32 Chapter 33 Chapter 34 Chapter 35 Chapter 36 Chapter 37 Chapter 38 Chapter 39 Chapter 40 Table of Contents Overview Interactive Maps Multiple Choice Quiz ... Web Links Feedback AFRICA AND THE ATLANTIC WORLD African politics and societies in early modern times The states of west Africa and east Africa The Songhay empire was the dominant power of west Africa, replacing Mali Expansion under Songhay emperor Sunni Ali after 1464 Elaborate administrative apparatus, powerful army, and imperial navy Muslim emperors ruled prosperous land, engaged in trans-Saharan trade
Remembering The Congo: Patrice Lumumba diplomatic relations with the kongo kingdom, and treatment of the area s indigenous people under Leopold s an independence drive sweeping africa, Belgium gives http://afgen.com/patrice_lumumba.html
Extractions: Patrice Lumumba Since the former slave trading nations of France, Germany, Spain, England, Portugal and the United States convened the Berlin Conference in 1884, Africa has become a victim of artificially imposed boundaries on its territories. It was through the Berlin Conference that these slave trading nations divided Africa among themselves, which ushered in the colonial period in African history. Thus, we can observe a great deal of the strife that exists in Africa today from this backdrop. These colonial configurations that were imposed on Africa, with the assistance of corrupt African leaders cooperating with the system of white supremacy, has caused great harm to the people of Africa. Such is the case of Central Africa where we witness thousands of African people in Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Zaire and Tanzania dying on a daily basis from either war or starvation in refugee camps. These deaths have resulted from European manipulation and African leadership cooperation. It is in this context that we should examine the historical backdrop to this region that is not often discussed today. This historical backdrop centers around what was called the Belgium Congo (by the Europeans) that is called
Extractions: note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 48.3% (male 13,734,706; female 13,624,579)
New Page 1 O/oo Ndebele Elizabeth Ann Schneider kongo Chika Okeke Christine Cornel The Yoraba of West africa Jamie Hetfield indigenous People of the http://www.africacentre.org/Resource Center -Children and Juvenile Literature.ht
Extractions: Home Resource Library Internet Links ... Contact Us Resources - Books : Children/Juvenile Literature this is a partial list of Children/Juvenile Literature) Africa Centre has a vast collection of 2000+ books, hundreds of films and videos, journals, posters, curriculum guides, artifacts, maps and more. We are in the process of cataloging our entire resource collection - When complete this catalog, will be available in our library as well as online. In the meantime please feel free to come and browse our collections or phone us 303 442 2637
Africa africa; the first language of most people is one Luvale, Nyanja, Tonga, and about 70 other indigenous languages, kisi ko ho konda konde kongo konkani konkomba http://www.ethiotrans.com/africa.htm
Extractions: ALRC County Flag Language Support Algeria Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects Yes Angola Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages Yes Benin French (official), Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in south), tribal languages (at least six major ones in north) Yes Botswana English (official), Setswana Yes Burkina Faso French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population Yes Burundi Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area) Yes Cameroon 24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official) Yes Central African Republic French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), Arabic, Hunsa, Swahili Yes Chad French (official), Arabic (official), Sara and Sango (in south), more than 100 different languages and dialects Yes Congo, Democratic Republic of the
European Voyages Of Exploration: The Sugar & Slave Trades In africa people, rather than land, were taxed and as Thus a complex, indigenous institution of slavery was The Kingdom of kongo s nobility was not wealthy in http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/eurvoya/Trade.html
Extractions: The European Voyages of Exploration European overseas expansion in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries initially took two directions. The first was towards the African west coast where the Portuguese were involved in raiding and trading expeditions for products like slaves, ivory, pepper and gold. The second initial direction of expansion was towards the Atlantic Islands. Here, Europeans found exploitable but not necessarily inhabited land where they collected wild products like honey and timber. Because of the lack of arable land in Iberia, colonists eventually returned to settle the land and cultivate products like wheat and ultimately sugar. Sugar was immensely profitable to produce but required large tracts of land and a large labour force for production. For these two reasons, the sugar and slave trade became intimately entwined in the European exploitation of the Atlantic Islands. This exploitation would eventually spread onwards to the Americas. The capitalist plantation system was an economic system oriented to producing a highly commercialised crop using an archaic social form - slavery - to provide its labour. The profits from sugar production provided the impetus for the development of the plantation system that matured in the Mediterranean and eventually spread across the Atlantic to the Americas. Other commercial crops would be adapted to this system such as cotton, indigo, and tobacco, but sugar was the first. Sugar cane cultivation had its origins in Southwest Asia. From there it was carried to Persia and then to the eastern Mediterranean by Arab conquerors in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. Shortly after sugar cane's introduction to the Mediterranean, it was being grown on estates similar to the later plantations of the Americas. By the fourteenth century Cyprus became a major producer using the labour of Syrian and Arab slaves. Eventually sugar made its way to Sicily where a familiar pattern of enslaved or coerced labour, relatively large land units, and well-developed long-range commerce was established. The Portuguese and the Spanish both looked to Sicily as a model to be followed in their own colonies in the Atlantic, and in 1420 Prince Henry sent to Sicily for cane plantings and experienced sugar technicians.
DRC Congo centralized chiefdoms, from settled indigenous village communities Lunda, settled among neighboring people and introduced the early 1500s, kongo King Affonso http://us-africa.tripod.com/zaire.html
Extractions: Tukokana Dikizeko Official Name Democratic Republic of Congo Located Central : Namibia, Zambia, Congo/Zaïre Capital Kinshasa Head of State President Joseph Kabila Area 2,345,410 sq km Population 50 million Growth rate Languages French, Lingala, Kingwana (a dialect of Kiswahili), Kikongo, Tshiiluba. Currency Franc Congolais GNP per capita Inflation Airlines The Democratic Republic of the Congo is the new name for a nation that in 1997 saw the collapse of a corrupt, thirty-year dictatorship. Formerly called Zaire, the Democratic Republic of the Congo has had a volatile history marked by colonialists and tyrants trying to exploit the territory's vast resources. The Congalese - from the capitalists operating the copper and diamond mines to the hunting-and-gathering Pygmy people of the Ituri forests - cling to what they know: their strong extended families, resourcefulness and savvy, religion, and even some tribal superstition.
Africa. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001 in places powerful kingdoms, such as kongo, Luba, and political and social organization of the indigenous population the death of thousands of people and forced http://www.bartleby.com/65/af/Africa.html
Extractions: Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Columbia Encyclopedia PREVIOUS NEXT ... BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. Africa k KEY Geology and Geography Geologically, recent major earth disturbances have been confined to areas of NW and E Africa. Geologists have long noted the excellent fit (in shape and geology) between the coast of Africa at the Gulf of Guinea and the Brazilian coast of South America, and they have evidence that Africa formed the center of a large ancestral supercontinent known as Pangaea. Pangaea began to break apart in the Jurassic period to form Gondwanaland, which included Africa, the other southern continents, and India. South America was separated from Africa c.76 million years ago, when the floor of the S Atlantic Ocean was opened up by seafloor spreading; Madagascar was separated from it c.65 million years ago; and Arabia was separated from it c.20 million years ago, when the Red Sea was formed. There is also evidence of one-time connections between NW Africa and E North America, N Africa and Europe, Madagascar and India, and SE Africa and Antarctica.
Context of Christianity in the Kingdom of kongo are surrounded the Church is indeed becoming indigenous, with bishops of discovering God s story as people reflect on http://www.rc.net/africa/catholicafrica/context.htm
Extractions: When one thinks of Africa, one is immediately confronted by its vastness, diversities, complexities as well as its mysteriousness. The catholic Church in Africa is wrapped up in these factors which need to be unpacked before anyone can understand the reality of the Church in this Continent. African Vastness The total area of the African continent is 30,306,780 square kilometers (equivalent to 11,706,166 square miles), as compared to the USA, whose surface is 9,372,614 square kilometers (equivalent to 3,615,102 square miles). You will not believe it but you can fit in the whole of China, USA, India, Europe, Argentina and New Zealand into the surface of Africa, and still be left with some thousand square kilometers. Cultural and Geographical Diversities When we speak of Africa, we must remember that North Africa is completely different from Sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, each of the regions: Eastern, Western, Central, and Southern differ significantly from each other. Linguistically, Africa is even more complex. Leaving all the dialects aside, we may count about 2,000 different languages and so one can imagine the enormous problem of communication facing 62 Africa nation states today. This language diversity is indeed one of the factors of African under-development. As one travels from one country to another, the way of life may sometimes differ considerably, for example, the main livelihood of the people, the costumes, and the main staple food.
Africa A-F communication, culture, drama, illiterate, indigenous, leadership, media Church of the kongo) based on religion, authenticity, Bakongo people, Baptist missions http://www.fuller.edu/swm/abstracts/africa.html
Extractions: 30 Years of Mission Abstracts Africa Faculty Introduction How to use this volume Search Our Site Author: Addai, Joseph William Degree: Ph.D. ICS Title: Metaphors, Values, and Ethno-leadership: A Missiological Study with Implications for Christian Leaders in Ghana. (U.M. 9925349) 301 pp. Abstract This missiological research examines the problem of developing functional leadership in Ghana, Africa. The premise is that leadership values of any identifiable culture are reflected by their everyday metaphors, and than an understanding of those values is crucial to effective leadership in that context. Key Words African, Ashanti, Akan, biblical leadership, Ghana, Ghanaian, leader, leadership, culture context, world view, tradition, effective leadership, ethno-leadership, ethno-values, functional leadership, holistic leadership, leadership situations, African proverbs, symbols, stools, metaphor, assumptions, English influence, images Author: Adekeye, George Niyi
In The Presence Of Spirits sculptural inventiveness of the cultures indigenous to these lids and funerary figures from various kongo peoples. of objects from the Bidjogo peoples who live http://www.africans-art.com/index.php3?action=page&id_art=534
