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Jamaica History:     more books (100)

History of Jamaica by Black, Clinton Vane De Brosse Black, 1989-12 History of Jamaica by W J. Gardner, 2010-01-11 The Island of One People: An Account of the History of the Jews of Jamaica by Marilyn Delevante and Anthony Alberga, 2007-12-05 This Is Reggae Music: The Story of Jamaica's Music by Lloyd Bradley, 2001-10-07 The Problem of Freedom: Race, Labor, and Politics in Jamaica and Britain, 1832-1938 (Johns Hopkins Studies in Atlantic History and Culture) by Thomas C. Holt, 1991-11-01 Jamaica in Slavery and Freedom: History, Heritage and Culture The History of Jamaica 3 Volume Paperback Set: Or, General Survey of the Antient and Modern State of that Island, with Reflections on its Situation, Settlements, ... Library Collection - Slavery and Abolition) by Edward Long, 2010-10-31 Dance Jamaica: Renewal and Continuity, The National Dance Theatre Company of Jamaica by Rex M. Nettleford, 2010-01-27 The History of Jamaica: Reflections on Its Situation, Settlements, Inhabitants, Climate, Products, Commerce, Laws, and Government in Three Volumes [3-VOLUME SET] by Edward Long, 2003-05 Beautiful Jamaica by Evon Blake, 1983 Martha Brae's Two Histories: European Expansion and Caribbean Culture-Building in Jamaica by Jean Besson, 2002-11-25 Reggae Heritage: Jamaica's Music History, Culture & Politic by Lou Gooden, 2003-10-14 The Gleaner Geography and History of Jamaica by Gleaner, 1995 Jamaica: Webster's Timeline History, 1493 - 1979 by Icon Group International, 2010-05-14

lists with details

1. Jamaica History | Lonely Planet World Guide
   jamaica history. Jamaica has a vivid and painful history, marred since European settlement by an undercurrent of violence and tyranny.  
   http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/caribbean/jamaica/history.htm
   
   Extractions: Jamaica Jamaica has a vivid and painful history, marred since European settlement by an undercurrent of violence and tyranny. Christopher Columbus first landed on the island in 1494, when there were perhaps 100,000 peaceful Arawak Amerindians who had settled Jamaica around 700 AD. Spanish settlers arrived from 1510, raising cattle and pigs, and introducing two things that would profoundly shape the island's future: sugar and slaves. By the end of the 16th century the Arawak population had been entirely wiped out, suffering from hard labor, ill-treatment and European diseases to which they had no resistance. In 1654 an ill-equipped and badly organized English contingent sailed to the Caribbean. After failing to take Hispaniola (present day Haiti and the Dominican Republic), the 'wicked army of common cheats, thieves and lewd persons' turned to weakly defended Jamaica. Despite the ongoing efforts of Spanish loyalists and guerilla-style campaigns of freed Spanish slaves ( cimarrones - 'wild ones' - or Maroons), England took control of the island. Investment and further settlement hastened as profits began to accrue from cocoa, coffee, and sugarcane production. But with Britain constantly at war with France or Spain, effective control of the island was entrusted to buccaneers, a motley band of seafaring miscreants, political refugees and escaped criminals, who committed themselves to lives of piracy against the Spaniards. Depending on whether Britain and Spain had just signed or just broken peace agreements, Britain was either supporting the buccaneers, or helping Spain repel them. Slave rebellions didn't make life any easier for the English as escaped slaves joined with descendants of the Maroons, engaging in extended ambush-style campaigns, and eventually forcing the English to grant them autonomy in 1739.

2. Air Jamaica History
   Air Jamaica Home Page. The new gateway to the Caribbean with regular flights to Jamaica, Antigua, Grenada, Bonaire, Curacao, Cayman, Turks Caicos, St. Lucia, bahamas, and Barbados. Air Jamaica began its operations in April 1969, with nonstop by the Government of Jamaica, with a minority interest held national airline of Jamaica, Air Jamaica has set performance  
   http://www.airjamaica.com/history.asp
   
   Extractions: A ir Jamaica began its operations in April,1969, with nonstop flights from Kingston and Montego Bay to New York and Miami. At that time, the airline was owned by the Government of Jamaica, with a minority interest held by Air Canada, which provided the equipment, technology, training, pilots and some top management. Through a "buy-back" agreement, the Jamaican government acquired the airline by the end of the following decade. T hrough the years, Air Jamaica has expanded its routes, services and flight schedules. In 1970 and 1971, new gateways were established in Toronto and Philadelphia. Later, flights to Europe and other Caribbean destinations were introduced. In February 1982, service to Baltimore/Washington was inaugurated and the following year, the Atlanta-Jamaica route opened. In 1991, Air Jamaica established twice-weekly service from Jamaica to Nassau in the Bahamas to fill the gap left by the modified British Airways service to the region. In 1992, Air Jamaica began the first scheduled nonstop service from Orlando to Jamaica.

3. Jamaica History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, C
   jamaica history Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics  
   http://www.workmall.com/wfb2001/jamaica/jamaica_history_index.html
   
   Extractions: NOTE: The information regarding Jamaica on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Jamaica History information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Jamaica History should be addressed to the Library of Congress.

4. Jamaica History & Jamaica Culture | IExplore
   jamaica history.  
   http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/Jamaica/History
   
   Extractions: U.S. Virgin Islands Archaeological evidence suggests that the Arawak people settled in Jamaica as early as AD 650. (The island took its name from the Arawak word xaymaca , meaning "land of wood and water.") Columbus first sighted the island in 1494, on his second voyage to the New World. Ever since, Jamaican life has been a stormy mix of political, racial and economic divisions. Although the Spanish never fully settled the island, their influence was far reaching. They carried the diseases that annihilated the Arawak and introduced citrus fruits, bananas, plantains, sugarcane, cattle, pigs and horses. They also brought the first slaves from Africa. The English invaded Jamaica in 1655 and had complete control of the island by 1660. They then used Jamaica as a base to threaten Spanish interests in the Caribbean and Latin America. Jamaica's Port Royal became the premier headquarters of pirates in the Western Hemisphere until it was destroyed by an earthquake in 1692. The English also established great sugarcane plantations powered by slave labor. Slavery, in turn, played a central role in the political instability of the island. Slaves freed in the final days of Spanish rule established communities in the wild mountain interior and became known as the "Maroons." Skirmishes with British troops eventually escalated into two separate Maroon wars, which led to the eventual deportation of many Maroons.

5. Jamaica History
   Jamaica s History Caribbean Paradise Endures. For more information about the history of Jamaica, see the National Library of Jamaica. and EmulateMe.  
   http://www.globalvolunteers.org/1main/jamaica/jamaicahistory.htm
   
   Extractions: Caribbean Paradise Endures Christopher Columbus sighted the island of Jamaica during his second voyage, and it became a Spanish colony in 1509. Saint Jago de la Vega (now Spanish Town) was founded about 1523. Colonization was slow under Spanish rule. Jamaica was captured by an English naval force under Sir William Penn in 1655. The island was formally tran sferred to England in 1670. During the final decades of the 17th century, growing numbers of English immigrants arrived; the sugar, cacao, and other agricultural and forest industries were rapidly expanded; and the consequent demand for plantation labor led to large-scale importation of black slaves. Jamaica soon became one of the principal slave-trading centers in the world. But, by 1838, slavery was abolished by parliamentary legislation, and $30 million was granted as compensation to the owners of the nearly 310,000 liberated slaves. Large numbers of the freed blacks abandoned the plantations following emancipation and took possession of unoccupied lands in the interior, gravely disrupting the economy. Labor shortages, bankrupt plantations, and declining trade resulted in a protracted economic crisis. Oppressive taxation, discriminatory acts by the courts, and land-exclusion measures ultimately caused widespread unrest among the black population.

6. Jamaica History & Jamaica Culture | IExplore
   jamaica history.  
   http://iexplore.nationalgeographic.com/dmap/Jamaica/History
   
   Extractions: dateString = 1091913494; Home Site Index Customer Service Shop MAGAZINES: National Traveler Adventure NG Kids NG Explorer TV AND FILM: Channel (U.S.) Channel (Intl) Explorer GUIDES: Adventure and Animals and History and Maps and News Photography Travel For Kids For Students For Teachers Complete Site Complete Site Index Subscribe Shop Call 1-800-iExplore U.S. Virgin Islands Archaeological evidence suggests that the Arawak people settled in Jamaica as early as AD 650. (The island took its name from the Arawak word xaymaca , meaning "land of wood and water.") Columbus first sighted the island in 1494, on his second voyage to the New World. Ever since, Jamaican life has been a stormy mix of political, racial and economic divisions. Although the Spanish never fully settled the island, their influence was far reaching. They carried the diseases that annihilated the Arawak and introduced citrus fruits, bananas, plantains, sugarcane, cattle, pigs and horses. They also brought the first slaves from Africa. The English invaded Jamaica in 1655 and had complete control of the island by 1660. They then used Jamaica as a base to threaten Spanish interests in the Caribbean and Latin America. Jamaica's Port Royal became the premier headquarters of pirates in the Western Hemisphere until it was destroyed by an earthquake in 1692. The English also established great sugarcane plantations powered by slave labor. Slavery, in turn, played a central role in the political instability of the island. Slaves freed in the final days of Spanish rule established communities in the wild mountain interior and became known as the "Maroons." Skirmishes with British troops eventually escalated into two separate Maroon wars, which led to the eventual deportation of many Maroons.

7. Jamaica History
   Spain initially claimed Jamaica through Columbus (he came to the island in 1494) and controlled it until they were forced to cede it to Britain in 1655.  
   http://www.nationbynation.com/Jamaica/History1.html
   
   Extractions: BACK TO THE FRONT PAGE BASIC INFO. ECONOMY GEOGRAPHY ... JAMAICA Spain initially claimed Jamaica through Columbus (he came to the island in 1494) and controlled it until they were forced to cede it to Britain in 1655. During those 160-plus years, the Spanish set about eliminating the island's native population, the Arawaks. Pirates favored Jamaica and it also could claim the dubious distinction of having one of the world's most active slave markets. The economy that needed slaves to work the island's vast sugar plantations, faltered when the slavery was abolished in 1833 especially as it was coupled with the removal of tariff protection in 1846. Jamaica gained its independence in 1962 but the intervening years have been marred by an uncertain economy and bitter racial and class divisions.

8. MapZones.com History
   Jamaica Culture. jamaica history. Jamaica Economy. Jamaica Currency. Jamaica Politics. Jamaica Provinces. Jamaica Time and Date. Jamaica, History, Back to Top.  
   http://www.mapzones.com/world/caribbean/jamaica/historyindex.php
   
   Extractions: Country Info Jamaica Introduction Jamaica General Data Jamaica Maps Jamaica Culture ... Jamaica Time and Date Jamaica History Back to Top Arawaks from South America had settled in Jamaica prior to Christopher Columbus' first arrival at the island in 1494. During Spain's occupation of the island, starting in 1510, the Arawaks were exterminated by disease, slavery, and war. Spain brought the first African slaves to Jamaica in 1517. In 1655, British forces seized the island, and in 1670, Great Britain gained formal possession. Sugar made Jamaica one of the most valuable possessions in the world for more than 150 years. The British Parliament abolished slavery as of August 1, 1834. After a long period of direct British colonial rule, Jamaica gained a degree of local political control in the late 1930s, and held its first election under full universal adult suffrage in 1944. Jamaica joined nine other U.K. territories in the West Indies Federation in 1958 but withdrew after Jamaican voters rejected membership in 1961. Jamaica gained independence in 1962, remaining a member of the Commonwealth. Historically, Jamaican emigration has been heavy. Since the United Kingdom restricted emigration in 1967, the major flow has been to the United States and Canada. About 20,000 Jamaicans emigrate to the United States each year; another 200,000 visit annually. New York, Miami, Chicago, and Hartford are among the U.S. cities with a significant Jamaican population. Remittances from the expatriate communities in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada, estimated at up to $800 million per year, make increasingly significant contributions to Jamaica's economy.

9. Jamaica History
   Pick of the week Reggae Gold 2004 jamaica history (1) What is your Jamaica IQ? What do you know about Jamaica s history, it s reggae artists, it s politics.  
   http://www.iriepeople.com/jamaica/trivia-history.html

10. Jamaica History
    Pick of the week Reggae Gold 2004 jamaica history (17) Great Jamaican Women Women play an important role in Jamaica s history.  
    http://www.iriepeople.com/jamaica/culture-history.html

11. 1Up Travel : Jamaica - History And Culture Of Jamaica.
    jamaica history and Culture. History Arawaks were the first inhabitants of Jamaica, which they called Xaymaca, meaning isle of springs  
    http://www.1uptravel.com/international/caribbean/jamaica/history-culture.html
    
    Extractions: Flags Maps Sightseeing Travel Warnings ... National Parks More Categories Introduction Topography Local Life Local Cuisine Local Holidays Festivals-Events Embassies Administration News Stand Worth a See !! Sight Seeing Maps Flags Shopping Eating Out Recreation Travel Essentials Country Facts Geography People Government Economy Communications Transportation Military

12. Jamaica History And Geography
    Top of Page. Background Jamaica gained full independence within the British Commonwealth in 1962. Nationality noun Jamaican(s) adjective Jamaican.  
    http://www.worldhistory.com/geos/jm.htm
    
    Extractions: [Country Listing] The World Factbook Home] Jamaica Introduction [Top of Page] Background: Jamaica gained full independence within the British Commonwealth in 1962. Deteriorating economic conditions during the 1970s led to recurrent violence and a dropoff in tourism. Elections in 1980 saw the democratic socialists voted out of office, and a more conservative government installed. Political violence marred elections during the 1990s. Geography [Top of Page] Location: Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, south of Cuba Geographic coordinates: 18 15 N, 77 30 W Map references: Central America and the Caribbean Area:

13. Jamaica History - World66
    Sections. Jamaica; Map; Accommodation; Eating Out; History; Getting Around; Economy; Health; People; Books; Internet Cafes; Add Section. Maps. Map View Enlargement. History.  
    http://www.world66.com/centralamericathecaribbean/thecaribbean/jamaica/history
    
    Extractions: Jamaica Sections Maps View Enlargement [edit this] This is no World66 image. It was found using an Internet search. more.. [Change image] [Upload image] Jamaica became a British colony in the early 1600's and remained so until independence in 1962. It became a parliamentary democracy within the Commonwealth of Nations. A Prime Minister leads the party with the most number of seats in the Parliament in Kingston. Queen Elizabeth II remains head of state represented by the Governor General.

14. Jamaica History And Geography: Caribbean Vacations By Tradewind Tours
    Jamaica’s history has made it into the strong nation of people that it is today. The mixture of cultures has formed a culture  
    http://www.tradewindtours.com/jamaica/history.php
    
    Extractions: Jamaica Accommodations Specials Contact Us ... Book Online Call us now at 1-800-860-8013 ... UK Clients Call 0-800-917-4619 You mention the word Caribbean to most North Americans and they think of Jamaica. This could be attributed to many reasons including the fact that Jamaica is almost in the USA's backyard or Jamaicans have carried their history and culture wherever they may go and introduced it to the world or simply that it is the birthplace of music legend, Bob Marley. This island, the third largest in the Caribbean, is called the Land of Wood and Water and you only have to take one look at it to see why! Jamaica is very lush with 6 mountain ranges and 120 rivers including the famous Dunns River Falls. Like its Caribbean neighbours, Jamaica is a "melting pot" of people and cultures – hence its motto "out of many one people." Although the majority of the population is of African descent other ethnic groups represented are East Indian, Arabic, Caucasian and Chinese. Jamaica's diverse physical beauty makes it a unique island from the lush Blue Mountains famous for its coffee to the beaches, rivers, caves and waterfalls located on the island. We encourage you to explore the true beauty of Jamaica and choose a favourite spot…in fact we have a few favourite areas!

15. Jamaica History
    Release on Jamaica s. Mighty West River. Jamaica State Park, situated at the end of the upper, more technical section of the river, becomes a hubbub of activity.  
    http://www.sover.net/~jdickson/wwater.htm
    
    Extractions: Release on Jamaica's Mighty West River Story and Pnotos by Michael Piniewski Seventeen years ago, while passing through Jamaica, Vermont, on my way home from a spring camping trip, my friends and I stopped to see what all the commotion was about. There were boats everywhere; on cars, on trucks, on vans, along the roadside but, most impressively, bobbing along the raging West River. Kayaks, canoes and rafts of every color rolled gracefully through the whitewater. Along with their brightly colored helmets and life jackets, the boaters wore beaming white smiles. Others less comfortable in their aquatic environment grimaced with trepidation. Yet everyone was definitely invigorated by the West River Whitewater Release. For nearly 30 years, Concessionaires of all types line the parking area just inside the park. You can buy boats, demo equipment, or try on boating apparel. Just chat with people who truly understand the sport of whitewater kayaking and canoeing and you'll feel their infectious enthusiasm. The state park becomes a place for beginners to learn more about the sport, and for experts to share their knowledge and skills.

16. Jamaica History
    A BRIEF HISTORY OF JAMAICA. Jamaica Avenue was an ancient trail for tribes from as far away as the Ohio River and the Great Lakes  
    http://www.gjdc.org/aboutjamaica.html
    
    Extractions: var baseDir = ''; var pageSection = ''; Jamaica Avenue was an ancient trail for tribes from as far away as the Ohio River and the Great Lakes, coming to trade skins and furs for wampum. It was in 1655 that the first settlers paid the Native Americans with two guns, a coat, and some powder and lead, for the land lying between the old trail and "Beaver Pond," later, Baisley Pond. Dutch Gov. Peter Stuyvesant dubbed the area Rustdorp in granting the 1656 patent. The English, who took it over in 1664, renamed it "jamecos," the Carnarsie word for beaver. And so, Jamaica was born. Colonial Jamaica had a band of 56 Minute Men that played an active part in the Battle of Long Island, whose unfortunate outcome led to occupation by British troops during most of the Revolution. In Jamaica, "George Wash- ington slept here" is indeed true – in 1790, in William Warner's tavern. Rufus King, a signer of the Constitution came to live here in 1805. He added to a modest 18th century farmhouse, creating the manor which stands on the site today. King Manor has been restored to its former glory, and now houses King Manor Museum. By 1776, Jamaica had become a trading post for farmers and their produce. For more than a century, their horse- drawn carts plodded along Jamaica Avenue, then called King's Highway. The public school system started in 1813, funded for $125 and a year later, Jamaica Village was incorporated. By 1834, the Brooklyn and Jamaica Railroad company had completed a line to Jamaica.

17. History Of Jamaica
    History of Jamaica. When Jamaica was founded, it was called Sunda Kelapa. Arawak Indians lived in Jamaica when Christopher Columbus  
    http://www.henry.k12.ga.us/pges/kid-pages/islands/jamaica/history.html
    
    Extractions: History of Jamaica When Jamaica was founded, it was called Sunda Kelapa. Arawak Indians lived in Jamaica when Christopher Columbus arrived in 1494 and claimed the island for Spain. The Spaniards enslaved the Arawak Indians and later brought Africans to the island to work as slaves. Diseases and being overworked killed almost all the Arawak Indians. That is mainly why they brought over Africans as slaves. The Spaniards then used Jamaica as a supply base. Because the Spaniards didn't have any gold, the Spaniards didn't try to settle or develop the island. They thought it was useless and no good. They later changed their minds about this. Later the British took over Jamaica in 1655. They continued to fight the slaves, called the Maroons, who escaped when the British arrived. The British people and the Maroons signed a peace treaty in 1738. During the time of the 1670's, British pirates of the Caribbean used Jamaica as a base to attack Spanish ports and Spanish ships. Jamaica was ruled by the British until 1962 when it became an independent nation in the British Commonwealth. Home Government Geography People ... Fun Facts

18. History Of Jamaica | Jamaican History.
    history. History of Jamaica — jamaica history. History of Jamaica The Long Road to Freedom and Prosperity in Jamaican History.  
    http://www.jamaica-travel-vacation.com/jamaican-history.html
    
    Extractions: Jamaican history began with the migration of the Arawak Indians from the South America area in about 650 AD. They named the lush island "Xaymaca" which meant "land of wood and water". Of course, centuries later, this island paradise became known as Jamaica, a jewel of the Caribbean. The Arawaks were a peaceful indigenous people that thrived in harmony until the Spanish occupation in 1494. The adverse impact on the Arawak by the Spanish invasion was devastating to its existence. Through plunder and killing by the Spanish, combined with new-brought disease, the indigenous Arawak became extinct. Only a few artifacts remain in Jamaican museums. The Spanish and their slaves fell upon Jamaica and used it as a base for their conquest in the Americas, particularly of Mexico in search of the treasures of gold and silver. The core population of the Spanish and their slaves was primarily centered in a Jamaican area they called "Town of Santiago le la Vega" which would centuries later be named "Spanish Town". The architecture of original buildings is still evident today. In 1655 the British captured Jamaica from the Spanish who did little to defend its occupation because Jamaica offered no riches of gold and silver. The Spanish fled Jamaica to other areas of the Caribbean, Mexico and South America in pursuit of riches and new conquests. Before fleeing they released and armed their slaves that became known as "Maroons". The Maroons mostly sought refuge from the British in the Jamaican area just south of what is known today as Montego Bay. As fierce defenders, the Maroons were never controlled by the British and even became self-governing in some areas.

19. Jamaica & Jamaican History Web Sites - Top 5 Jamaican Web Sites | Websites | Lin
    Discover jamaica history Jean Houzeau in Jamaica First Flight Jamaica 1911 Vintage Postcards Interesting Jamaicans, Port Royal Book Father Raphael The Crookes  
    http://www.top5jamaica.com/history.html

20. Jamaica History Search
    jamaica history. Home Keyword Search. Related Categories. Keyword(s) jamaica history 1 10 of 3834, A, C, D, E, G, M, S, V, Kuyaba,  
    http://www.joeant.com/DIR/search.php?keywords=jamaica history

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