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Georgia Former Ussr Geography:     more detail

Russia and the Independent Nations of The Former USSR: Geofacts and Maps by William A. Dando, L. Jones, et all 1995-01-09 Crisis in the Caucasus: Russia, Georgia and the West Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia Country Studies (Area Handbook Series) by Glenn E. Curtis, 1995-11 Defending the Border: Identity, Religion, And Modernity in the Republic of Georgia (Culture and Society After Socialism) by Mathijs Pelkmans, 2006-09 The Transcaucasus (Former Soviet Republics Series) by Richard Giragosian, 2001-03-01 Understanding Post-Soviet Transitions: Corruption, Collusion and Clientelism (Euro-Asian Studies) by Christoph H. Stefes, 2006-12-12 Culture and Customs of the Caucasus (Culture and Customs of Europe) by Peter L. Roudik, 2008-11-30

lists with details

1. Turkey At A Glance - Geography
   geography It is bordered to the northwest by Greece and Bulgaria, to the east bythe former ussr (georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaican Republics) and Iran, and to  
   http://www.columbia.edu/~sss31/Turkiye/geo.html
   
   Extractions: Dr. SSS Personal Page Send E-Mail Turkey at a Glance The lands of Turkey are located at a point where the three continents making up the old world, Asia, Africa and Europe are closest to each other. Turkey is situated on an area where Europe meets Asia, creating a link between these two continents. The European part of the country is called Thrace, while the Asian part is known as Anatolia (or Asia Minor). It is bordered to the northwest by Greece and Bulgaria, to the east by the former USSR (Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaican Republics) and Iran, and to the south by Iraq and Syria. The Turkish peninsula is bathed by four seas: the Mediterranean to the south, the Aegean to the west, the Sea of Marmara between the European and Asian land masses, and the Black Sea to the north. The entire coastline spans more than 8,000 kilometers (approximately 5,000 miles) in length.

2. CIA - The World Factbook -- Georgia
   forcibly incorporated into the ussr until the Soviet Union geography note strategically located east throughout the former Soviet Union seek to return to georgia; ethnic Armenian  
   http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/gg.html
   
   Extractions: Select a Country Afghanistan Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antarctica Antigua and Barbuda Arctic Ocean Argentina Armenia Aruba Ashmore and Cartier Islands Atlantic Ocean Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas, The Bahrain Baker Island Bangladesh Barbados Bassas da India Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Bouvet Island Brazil British Indian Ocean Territory British Virgin Islands Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burma Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Christmas Island Clipperton Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Colombia Comoros Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Cook Islands Coral Sea Islands Costa Rica Cote d'Ivoire Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Europa Island Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) Faroe Islands Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia French Southern and Antarctic Lands Gabon Gambia, The

3. ABC Country Book Of Georgia - Economy Flag, Map, Economy, Geography, Climate, Na
   georgia Interactive Factbook geography, Flag, Map geography, People, Government, Economy, Transportation, Communications Flag . geography . People georgia. Overview georgia's economy has traditionally revolved around Black Sea tourism for 97% of former ussr citrus fruits and 93% of former ussr tea  
   http://www.theodora.com/wfb/georgia_economy.html

4. Geography, Climate ...
   Latvia, Lithuania, and georgia. All 15 former republics of given along with crop geography, crop calendar information, growing sources include the "former ussr Agriculture and Trade  
   http://www.usda.gov/oce/waob/jawf/profiles/specials/fsu/fsupap.htm
   
   Extractions: Published by the Joint Agricultural Weather Facility (USDA/NOAA) Climate and weather are significant factors affecting agricultural production around the world. Both seasonal and regional variability in weather directly influence crop yield potential. In order to improve the global monitoring of agricultural weather, the Joint Agricultural Weather Facility (JAWF), was established within the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), in 1978. JAWF is a cooperative effort between the National Weather Service's Climate Analysis Center (NWS/CAC), USDA's World Agricultural Outlook Board (USDA/WAOB), and National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA/NASS). The facility's primary function is to coordinate a world agricultural weather watch and assess the impact of weather variability on crop and livestock production prospects (Motha, 1986). One of the primary responsibilities of JAWF is to monitor weather and crop conditions within the former Soviet Union. With the breakup of the Soviet Union in late 1991, the agricultural system changed from one where most decisions on agricultural programs were centrally planned, originating from Moscow, to one where individual republics and even regional authorities began making these decisions. In the past, the former Soviet government dictated where certain crops were to be grown and set levels on agricultural production. These decisions were based on perceived economic needs and climate considerations. Agriculture was geared to satisfying planners' as opposed to consumers' desires. As a result, crop varieties and production levels between republics often differed considerably.

5. Georgia
   georgia. geography. Note georgia is currently besieged by interethnic strife in its Abkhazian and South for 97% of former ussr citrus fruits and 93% of former ussr tea; important  
   http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/russian/facts/georgia.html
   
   Extractions: note: 12 nm in 1973 USSR-Turkish Protocol concerning the sea boundary between the two states in the Black Sea; Georgia claims the coastline along the Black Sea as its international waters, although it cannot control this area and the Russian navy and commercial ships transit freely International disputes: none Climate: warm and pleasant; Mediterranean-like on Black Sea coast Terrain: largely mountainous with Great Caucasus Mountains in the north and Lesser Caucasus Mountains in the south; Kolkhida Lowland opens to the Black Sea in the west; Mtkvari River Basin in the east; good soils in river valley flood plains, foothills of Kolkhida Lowland Natural resources: forest lands, hydropower, manganese deposits, iron ores, copper, minor coal and oil deposits; coastal climate and soils allow for important tea and citrus growth

6. Georgia - Atlapedia Online
   LOCATION AND geography georgia is a former republic of the ussr.It is bound by Russia to the north and east, Azerbaijan to the  
   http://www.atlapedia.com/online/countries/georgia.htm
   
   Extractions: ESTIMATED 2000 POPULATION LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHY: Georgia is a former republic of the USSR. It is bound by Russia to the north and east, Azerbaijan to the southeast, Armenia to the south, Turkey to the southwest and the Black Sea to the west. In the north the Greater Caucasus Ranges are connected to the Lesser Caucasus Ranges and Armenian Highlands in the south, by the north to south Surami Range. In between these ranges lie a series of fertile plains and valleys while towards the Black Sea coast, the marshy delta of the Rioni River forms the Colchis Swamps. The principal rivers are the Kura and Rioni. Major Cities (pop. est.); Tbilisi 1,270,000, Kutaisi 240,000, Rustavi 158,000, Batumi 137,000, Sukhumi 112,000 (1993). Land Use; forested 39%, pastures 29%, agricultural-cultivated 14%, other 18% (1993). CLIMATE: Georgia has a transitional climate from subtropical along the coastal regions to continental in eastern Georgia. Along the coast there are frostless winters and warm humid summers with humidity and precipitation decreasing in the mountains to the east. Along the coast average annual precipitation varies from 1,200 to 2,800 mm (47 to 110 inches) to 600 to 800 mm (24 to 31.5 inches) in the mountainous regions. Average temperature ranges are from 3 to 6 degrees Celsius (37 to 43 degrees Fahrenheit) in January to 23 to 26 degrees Celsius (73 to 79 degrees Fahrenheit) in August.

7. Georgia, Georgia Geography, Georgia People, Georgia Government, Georgia Economy,
   former georgian Soviet Socialist Republic forcibly incorporated into the ussr until the Soviet Union geography note strategically located east of the Black Sea; georgia controls  
   http://zhenghe.tripod.com/g/georgia
   
   Extractions: details. I need your help! I had heart surgery, and my wife had three surgeries for a bleeding polyp. This has put us $23,335.12 in debt! If you have used the Atlas, please give a dollar or two to help out. If every one who uses the Atlas gave just a dollar, this debt would be gone in a month. Just click on the "Click to Give" button to donate. My wife and I thank you! hotmail.com Background: Georgia was absorbed into the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Independent for three years (1918-1921) following the Russian revolution, it was forcibly incorporated into the USSR until the Soviet Union dissolved in 1991. Ethnic separation in Abkhazia and South Ossetia, poor governance, and Russian military bases deny the government effective control over the entirety of the state's internationally recognized territory. Despite myriad problems, progress on market reforms and democratization support the country's goal of greater integration with Western political, economic, and security institutions. TOP OF PAGE Location: Southwestern Asia, bordering the Black Sea, between Turkey and Russia

8. Georgia Economy 1995 - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resourc
   geographic.org Home 97% of former ussr citrus fruits and 93% of former ussr tea; important NOTEThe information regarding georgia on this page is republished  
   http://www.theodora.com/wfb/1995/georgia/georgia_economy.html
   
   Extractions: SOURCE: 1995 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK Overview: National product: GDP - purchasing power equivalent - $7.8 billion (1993 estimate from the UN International Comparison Program, as extended to 1991 and published in the World Bank's World Development Report 1993; and as extrapolated to 1993 using official Georgian statistics, which are very uncertain because of major economic changes since 1990) National product real growth rate: -35% (1993 est.) National product per capita: $1,390 (1993 est.) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 40.5% per month (2nd half 1993 est.) Unemployment rate: officially less than 5% but real unemployment may be up near 20%, with even larger numbers of underemployed workers; real unemployment may be up near 20% with even larger numbers of underemployed workers Budget:

9. Substance Use Policy In The Former USSR
   SUBSTANCE USE POLICY IN THE former SOVIET UNION 3. geography and the history of drugs in the ussr Many worldfamous vineyards in georgia, Moldavia, and Armenia were totally  
   http://www.angelfire.com/linux/vorlin
   
   Extractions: SUBSTANCE USE POLICY IN THE FORMER SOVIET UNION By Vorlin E-mail to author: vorlin@chello.nl TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction “Ambivalent” drinking culture The results of Gorbachev’s Anti-Alcohol Campaign Geography and the history of drugs in the USSR How the Russians rediscovered drugs (the second period, 1987-1990) Liberal drug policy (the third period, 1990-1998) Tough approach (the fourth period, 1998-2000) Conclusion “Politics is the art of looking for trouble, finding it whether it exists or not, diagnosing it incorrectly, and applying the wrong remedy.” ERNEST BENN INTRODUCTION The purpose of this thesis is to describe and explain the process of the drug policy formation in the former Soviet Union. I have divided the evolution of drug policy in Russia into four parts. The first is the Soviet period (before about 1987), when notions of drug use and certainly of drug addiction were virtually non-existent for the communist policymakers; or even if they were present, due to an atmosphere of secrecy surrounding the topic, they had very low status. Second is the period after the Afghanistan war (1987-1990) when drugs were introduced to society and the stable drug supply network emerged. Third is the transitional period (1990-1998), when drug use becomes a popular phenomenon and which is characterized by the relatively liberal way of policymaking. And fourth is the period of a more suppressive approach (1998 – 2000), similar to those of the United States. However, it should be noted that these divisions are drawn quite roughly.

10. Maps Of The World Menu - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resou
    geographic.org; geography; Climate; Countries; Population COLORING map * ussr; Rwanda.S S. georgia and S South Pacific Ocean * Soviet Union (former) ussr; Spain; Sri  
    http://www.geographic.org/maps/

11. Turkey Geography - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources,
    9 km, Bulgaria 240 km, georgia 252 km boundary agreed upon with the former ussr territorialsea 6 geography—note strategic location controlling the Turkish  
    http://www.photius.com/wfb/wfb1999/turkey/turkey_geography.html
    
    Extractions: Location: southwestern Asia (that part west of the Bosporus is sometimes included with Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria Geographic coordinates: 39 00 N, 35 00 E Map references: Middle East Area:

12. Turkey Geography 2000 - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resour
    geographic.org Home Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Bulgaria 240 km, georgia 252km to the maritime boundary agreed upon with the former ussr territorial sea  
    http://www.photius.com/wfb2000/es/turkey/turkey_geography.html
    
    Extractions: Ubicación: southeastern Europe and southwestern Asia (that portion of Turkey west of the Bosporus is geographically part of Europe), bordering the Black Sea, between Bulgaria and Georgia, and bordering the Aegean Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, between Greece and Syria Cordenadas Geográficas: 39 00 N, 35 00 E Referencias en el mapa: Middle East Area:

13. COS Expertise Profile
    University of georgia, geography, Landscape conservation. Expertise and ResearchInterests. Conservation and phytogeography of the former ussr geography of the  
    http://myprofile.cos.com/karpat

14. About Georgian Academy Of Sciences
    branch on the junction of geography and geology in was awarded rank of Emeritus Geologistof georgia. received various awards from former ussr National Economy  
    http://www.acnet.ge/pl/kiknadze_archil.html

15. Georgia
    geography. Statistical estimates on georgia are subject to a particularly wide marginof Accounted for 97% of former ussr citrus fruits and 93% of former ussr  
    http://www.fortunecity.com/bally/waterford/96/geo.htm
    
    Extractions: web hosting domain names email addresses NoteGeorgia has been beset by ethnic and civil strife since independence. In late 1991, the country's first elected president, Zviad GAMSAKHURDIA was ousted in an armed coup. In October 1993, GAMSAKHURDIA, and his supporters sponsored a failed attempt to retake power from the current government led by former Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard SHEVARDNADZE. The Georgian government has also faced armed separatist conflicts in the Abkhazia and South Ossetia regions. A cease-fire went into effect in South Ossetia in June 1992 and a joint Georgian-Ossetian-Russian peacekeeping force has been in place since that time. Georgian forces were driven out of the Abkhaz region in September 1993 after a yearlong war with Abkhaz separatists. Nearly 200,000 Georgian refugees have since fled Abkhazia, adding substantially to the estimated 100,000 internally displaced persons already in Georgia. Russian peacekeepers are deployed along the border of Abkhazia and the rest of Georgia. Geography Economy Defense Forces

16. Largest Caves Of Former USSR
    Following the realities of polytical geography, the cave treasures of the formerUSSR are divided Longest, m Deepest, m Republic of georgia 1. Snezhnaya  
    http://fadr.msu.ru/~sigalov/caves.html
    
    Extractions: Russian Speleo Info Centre This page presents a list of biggest caves of fUSSR, namely of Russian Federation, Ukraine, Republic of Georgia, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Not yet presented are Republics of Moldova, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. I am not sure about existence of caves in other fUSSR countries (Bielorussia, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Kazakstan). If you know please inform me! Much more up-to-date and comprehensive list of fUSSR caves may be found in Russian version of this page. I'll make these pages identical as soon as I find time to do it. Largest caves of some new countries of the former USSR [This article has been written by Alexander Klimchouk in 1992 and published in "Svet" magazine (Kiev, Ukraine) in 1993. I only translated and slightly modified it - GS During the last year the USSR has been ultimately divided into several independent states. Following the realities of polytical geography, the cave treasures of the former USSR are divided between the newborn states in the list below (as for December 1992). Longest, m Deepest, m

17. Faculty
    French, SerboCroatian, Czech Field experience Russia, georgia, Moldova, Kyrgyzstan contributionsto CREECA Teaches courses on geography of former ussr.  
    http://www.wisc.edu/creeca/faculty/kaiser.html
    
    Extractions: Current research : The geography of nationalism in the Soviet successor states, ethnic restratification and changing interethnic relations in the republics of the Russian Federation Major publications "Political Indigenization and Homeland Making in Russia's Republics," Report. One of the NCEEER Research Grant The Geography of Nationalization and Natinalism in Russia's Republics. Washington, DC: NCEER, 2000.

18. Turkey Geography & Demography
    geography, km, Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Bulgaria 240 km, georgia 252 km inBlack Sea only to the maritime boundary agreed upon with the former ussr.  
    http://www.kedma.co.il/MiddleEast/states/turkey/turkey_geo_demo.htm

19. Anatolia.com: Turkey's Leading News And Information Website
    Here, history and geography live side by side border on the European side; while georgia,Armenia, Nakhitchevan have been parts of the former ussr), Iran, Iraq  
    http://www.anatolia.com/anatolia/Geography/default.asp
    
    Extractions: Turkish Restaurants "The gateway between Europe and Asia..." "A country situated at the heart of the oldest continents of earth..." "The crossroads of many important routes since centuries..." "A bridge between ages, nations and civilizations..." If you ever take a look at some of the related publications, you will see that almost every passage presenting Turkey begins with such phrases. This is natural, because Turkey is a unique country with a unique geographical location, linking East to West, and offering the present together with the past. Here, history and geography live side by side, harmoniously. The gifts of nature stand all over the country, carrying signs from the earliest ages of humanity. Although it is impossible to separate one from the other, an introduction to the country's physical characteristics will help you understand its history and its treasures much better. Between these land borders of Turkey, there rest the seas which surround it on three sides. The Black Sea to the north, the Mediterranean to the south, and the Aegean Sea to the west, fill in the remaining parts of the frame with their lengthy beautiful coastlines.

20. NCBuy: Turkey Geography - Country Statistics
    9 km, Bulgaria 240 km, georgia 252 km boundary agreed upon with the former ussr territorialsea 6 geography Note strategic location controlling the Turkish  
    http://www.ncbuy.com/reference/country/geography.html?code=tu

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