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Chemistry Elements L - Z:     more detail

Element: Webster's Timeline History, 1990 (L-Z) by Icon Group International, 2010-05-17 Element: Webster's Timeline History, 1998 (L-Z) by Icon Group International, 2010-05-17 Element: Webster's Timeline History, 1995 (L-Z) by Icon Group International, 2010-05-17 Selected Material from Biology (8th Ed.) and General, Organic, and Biochemistry (4th Ed.) by Sylvia S. Mader, Katherine J. Denniston, et all 2004

lists with details

21. SMILE PROGRAM CHEMISTRY INDEX
    Chemical Reactions and chemistry of elements, Compounds and Materials or Fun? by Paula Z. Jones Charles Brownell ACS Materials For chemistry by Brandon, Larry L. - Thornwood High  
    http://www.iit.edu/~smile/cheminde.html

22. Chemistry Resources: The Elements: Alkali Metals
    Brief profiles and pictures of each of the alkali metals, and the characteristic flame colors for their compounds.  
    http://www.chemtopics.com/elements/alkali/alkali.htm

23. Actinides
    Illustrated article, covering the uses of these elements in nuclear chemistry, and related research initiatives.  
    http://www.llnl.gov/str/Terminello.html
    
    Extractions: UNDERSTANDING the periodic table, with its assemblage of columns and rows of elements, has been a perennial challenge for chemistry students. (See the below.) Understanding at the atomic level a remarkable row of elements has been a particular research challenge for Lawrence Livermore scientists over the years. That row is called the actinides, a collection of 14 radioactive elements named after the element actinium. "There's a tremendous amount we don't know about the actinides," says Lawrence Livermore chemist Lou Terminello, who leads the Materials Science and Technology Division of the Chemistry and Materials Science Directorate. To learn more about these elements, he says, the Department of Energy funds about $100 million per year for research at Lawrence Livermore. The research is conducted by teams of chemists, physicists, engineers, metallurgists, and environmental scientists on a diverse set of national security and environmental issues. Terminello says that a more fundamental understanding of actinides is needed to better assess the nation's nuclear stockpile, help stem the clandestine proliferation of nuclear weapons, and better understand the implications of nuclear fuels' (such as enriched uranium) use and storage. Environmental contamination by actinides is also a major concern at several major DOE facilities. In addition, actinides such as uranium, neptunium, plutonium, and americium are the major contributors to the long-term radioactivity of nuclear waste currently targeted for the proposed Yucca Mountain repository in Nevada.

24. Welcome To The Gilheany Group Home Page
    Describes research interests including enantioselective synthesis, organophosphorus chemistry, organic chemistry of Main Group elements and the synthesis of medium rings and small multicyclic heterocycles.  
    http://chemistry.ucd.ie/gilheany/welcome.html

25. ScienceDaily -- Browse Topics: Science/Chemistry/Elements/Tungsten
    See Also Science chemistry elements Transition Metals. Z Produces Fusion Neutrons,Sandia Scientists Confirm; Huge Pulsed Power Machine Enters Fusion Arena  
    http://www.sciencedaily.com/directory/Science/Chemistry/Elements/Tungsten
    
    Extractions: Front Page Today's Digest Week in Review Email Updates ... Elements Tungsten (13 links) See Also: News about Tungsten A Conveyor Belt For The Nano-age (April 30, 2004) full story Single Photon Detector Conquers The Dark Side (August 13, 2003) full story Revolutionary Tungsten Photonic Crystal Could Provide More Power For Electrical Devices (July 9, 2003) full story Observing The 'Wings" Of Atoms: Study Indicates It Is Possible To See Electrons' Orbital Paths Around Atoms (June 3, 2003) full story Z Produces Fusion Neutrons, Sandia Scientists Confirm; Huge Pulsed Power Machine Enters Fusion Arena (April 7, 2003) full story [ More news about Tungsten

26. Chemistry 1911
    1911 Nobel Prize in chemistry for the discovery of the elements radium and polonium, by the isolation of radium and the study of the nature and compounds of radium. First person to win two nobel prizes.  
    http://www.nobel.se/chemistry/laureates/1911/index.html

27. General Chemistry Online: Glossary:
    L. L-isomer. the late 18th century was a milestone in the development of modern chemistry. formmore than one compound, the mass ratios of the elements in the  
    http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/glossary/l.shtml
    
    Extractions: FAQ ... Glossary A B C D ... K L M N O P ... Z L-. L-isomer. Compare with D- Prefix used to designate a levorotatory enantiomer Lambert's law. The intensity of radiation passing through a material decays exponentially with path length b. lanthanide contraction. An effect that causes sixth period elements with filled 4f subshells to be smaller than otherwise expected. The intervention of the lanthanides increases the effective nuclear charge, which offsets the size increase expected from filling the n=6 valence shell. As a consequence, sixth period transition metals are about the same size as their fifth period counterparts. lanthanide. Compare with actinide and inner transition metals Elements 57-70 are called lanthanides. Electrons added during the Aufbau construction of lanthanide atoms go into the subshell. latent heat. Heat that is absorbed without causing a rise in temperature. For example, "latent heat of vaporization" refers to the amount of heat required to convert a liquid to vapor at a particular temperature. lattice.

28. Argonne Chemistry Intranet (Internal Only)
    Windows program for the interactive analysis of crystal field spectra of fblock elements.  
    http://chemistry.anl.gov/downloads/spectra/
    
    Extractions: Spectra Spectra is a program for paramagnetic ions energy levels calculations. It allows to calculate electronic structure of all elements with unfilled f-shells, including lanthanides and actinides in crystalline hosts. It could be used in scientific research, educational institutions, industry (laser materials, chemical analysis etc). User friendly Windows interface allows to customize the number of terms to be included in calculation (up to all terms in a given electronic configuration), obtain the values of reduced matrix elements for all d- and f-elements. Crystal field parameters could either be adjusted to fit experimental levels or calculated using exchange charge model (not included in this version). Fully consistent J-J' mixing is included for crystal field of any symmetry. Optical and ESR spectra can be analyzed using unified approach with exact decomposition of wavefunctions for each specific energy level. Free-ion Hamiltonian for f-electrons includes Coulomb interaction; configurational interaction; spin-orbit coupling; spin-spin and spin-other-orbit interaction, correction to spin-orbit coupling due to configuration interaction. Total number of free-ion parameters is 19: F2, F4, F6 for Coulomb interaction; dzeta for spin-orbit coupling; alpha, beta and gamma for two-body integrals in configuration interaction; T2, T3, T4, T6, T7, T8 for three-body configuration interaction; M0, M2, M4 for Marvin integrals of magnetic interactions; P2, P4, P6 for spin-orbit corrections due to configuration interaction.

29. Journal Of Inorganic Biochemistry
    Publishes research papers and short communications in the following areas the chemistry, structure, and function of metalloenzymes; the interaction of inorganic ions and molecules with proteins and nucleic acids; the preparation and properties of coordination complexes of biological interest including both structural and functional model systems; the role of metalcontaining systems in the regulation of gene expression; the application of spectroscopic methods to determine the structure of metallobiomolecules; the function of trace elements in living systems; and related subjects.  
    http://www.chemweb.com/inorganic/journals/elsevier/?jcode=JIB

30. Barron Research Group - Rice University - Andrew R. Barron
    Focuses on the chemistry of the group 13 elements with oxide and chalcogenide ligands.  
    http://python.rice.edu/~arb/Barron.html
    
    Extractions: Texas Center for Crystallography submission forms can be found here Course Information CHEM 360 Inorganic Chemistry - Spring 2004 MGMT 751/CHEM 751/MSCI 751 New Venture Creation for Science and Engineering Spring, 2004 Miscellaenous Course Information: Management for Science and Engineering - Introduction Past Course: MGMT 750/CHEM 750/MSCI 750 Management for Science and Engineering - Fall. 2003

31. Chem 101 Summary
    electron shielding; for the same n, Z eff is higher for lower l. MAIN GROUP chemistry GPS 1-3, 7 elements in gps 1-3 are reducing agents (in gp 7 are oxidizing  
    http://www.chemistry.uvic.ca/chem101/lec/summary.htm
    
    Extractions: ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION DE BROGLIE RELATIONSHIP, wavelength = h p BOHR WAS WRONG! Electrons do not move in well-defined orbits around the nucleus. ALL CHEMICAL FORCES ARE ELECTROSTATIC IN NATURE. HEISENBERG UNCERTAINTY PRINCIPLE, (uncertainty in x p h /(4 pi) QUANTUM MECHANICS AND WAVEFUNCTIONS: QUANTUM NUMBERS: (one-electron atoms only) l angular momentum q.n. l n magnitude of angular momentum L h /2 pi) ( l l m l magnetic q.n. m l l l z -component of angular momentum L z h /2 pi) m l s spin s = +1/2 for electrons magnitude of spin angular momentum S h /2 pi) ( s s m s electron spin q.n. m s s s z -component of spin angular momentum S z h /2 pi) m s ORBITALS node: surface where there is zero probability of finding an electron. know how to sketch orbital shapes and probability-distance plots.

32. OUTFO - Element 094 - Plutonium (Pu)
    A quick reference table for Plutonium.  
    http://www.outfo.org/science/chemistry/elements/094/
    
    Extractions: alternative Home Mathematics Science ... Elements > Element 094 - Plutonium (Pu) Bottom Property Value Atomic Number Atomic Weight Bonding Radius Atomic Radius Ionization Potential 6.06 V Electronegativity Density 19.8 g/mL Melting Point 913 K Boiling Point 3 503 K Heat of Vaporization 344 kJ/mol Heat of Fusion 2.84 kJ/mol Specific Heat 0.13 J/gK Oxide Type amphoteric Crystal Type monoclinic Electron Configuration [Rn] IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA IB IIB IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIII IA IIA IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIII IB IIB IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA

33. Chemistry 101
    how it is used in chemical analysis and medical diagnosis (Tools of chemistry). toexplain trends in the ionization energies of the elements (Section 7 m l =4.  
    http://www2.latech.edu/~dkuila/Chem101-01,Spring 2004/chapter7_Objectives&Homewo
    
    Extractions: Students should be able to: Explain the use of the quantum mechanical model of the atom to represent the energy and probable location of electrons (Section 7.4). Understand the spin properties of electrons and how they affect electron configurations and the magnetic properties of atoms (Section 7.5). Describe and explain the relationships among shells, subshells, and orbitals (Section 7.5). Use the periodic table to write the electron configurations of atoms and ions of main group and transition elements (Sections 7.6 and 7.7). Explain variations in valence electrons, electron configurations, ion formation, and paramagnetism of transition metals (Section 7.7). Explain how nuclear magnetic resonance works and how it is used in chemical analysis and medical diagnosis (Tools of Chemistry). Describe trends in atomic radii, based on electron configurations (Section 7.8). Describe trends in ionic radii and explain why ions differ in size from their atoms (Section 7.9). Use electron configurations to explain trends in the ionization energies of the elements (Section 7. 10).

34. OUTFO - Element 080 - Mercury (Hg)
    Provides a concise data table about the chemical properties of mercury.  
    http://www.outfo.org/science/chemistry/elements/080/
    
    Extractions: alternative Home Mathematics Science ... Elements > Element 080 - Mercury (Hg) Bottom Property Value Atomic Number Atomic Weight Bonding Radius Atomic Radius Ionization Potential 10.437 V Electronegativity Density 13.53 g/mL Melting Point 234.28 K Boiling Point 630 K Heat of Vaporization 59.229 kJ/mol Heat of Fusion 2.295 kJ/mol Specific Heat 0.139 J/gK Oxide Type mildly basic Crystal Type rhombohedral Electron Configuration [Xe] IA IIA IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA IB IIB IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIII IA IIA IIIB IVB VB VIB VIIB VIII IB IIB IIIA IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA

35. Indiatimes Bestseller Books
    of elements l Acids and Bases l Metallurgies l General Characteristics of s andp-Block-elements and their Compounds l Nuclear chemistry l Compounds of Bornon  
    http://store.indiatimes.com/book/PlanetMBookSelectTemplet.jsp?cat1=460&templetna

36. Periodic Table Of Elements
    Detailed data, basic nuclides, limited writeups, requires Javascript A Javascript based periodic table.  
    http://atlas.chemistry.uch.gr/ptoe/

37. Handbook Of Nuclear Chemistry
    Transactinides (JV Kratz) * Superheavy elements (DC Hoffman Vértes, S. Nagy, Z.Klencsár Chemical Radiation chemistry (L. Wojnárovits) * Hot Atom chemistry  
    http://www.chem.elte.hu/departments/magkem/nagys/kluwer.htm
    
    Extractions: Volume editor: R. Lovas, Appendix editor: G. L. Molnár Foreword (E. Teller) * Preface (A. Vértes, S. Nagy, Z. Klencsár) * History of Nuclear and Radiochemistry (G. Friedlander, G. Herrmann) * Basic Properties of the Atomic Nucleus (T. Fényes) * Nuclear Reactions (V. E. Viola) * Nuclear Fission (J. O. Denschlag) * Kinetics of Radioactive Decay (S. Nagy) * Interaction of Radiation with Matter (D. Horváth, A. Vértes) * Statistical Aspects of Nuclear Measurements (S. Nagy) * The Standard Model of Elementary Particles (D. Horváth) *

38.   Mr.Bright's Chemistry Home Page
    Contains links to an interactive Periodic Table of elements, a summary of molecular shapes and electron pair geometry, as well as animations on molecular models.  
    http://mrbright.8m.com/

39. Chemistry
    Interactive version of the periodic table with pictures of elements. Includes a printable version.  
    http://site.ifrance.com/okapi/chemistry.htm

40. Linfeng Rao, LBNL/GTSC
    Redox kinetics of actinide elements. at the Glenn T. Seaborg Center Division ofNuclear chemistry and Technology H 2 OEDTA System Y. Xia, AR Felmy, L. Rao, Z  
    http://actinide.lbl.gov/lrao/

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