Extractions: A chronology of key events: - Arab tribes establish the sultanate of Adel on the Gulf of Aden coast. MOGADISHU Somali capital, pictured in more peaceful times Emerged as Arab settlement in 10th century Bought by Italy in 1905 Capital of independent Somalia from 1960 Estimated population: 1 million - Somali people begin to migrate from Yemen. - Sultanate of Adel disintegrates into small states. - Egypt occupies towns on Somali coast and parts of the interior. - France acquires foothold on the Somali coast, later to become Djibouti. - Britain proclaims protectorate over Somaliland. - Anglo-French agreement defines boundary between Somali possessions of the two countries. - Italy sets up a protectorate in central Somalia, later consolidated with territory in the south ceded by the sultan of Zanzibar. - Territory east of the Jubba river detached from Kenya to become the westernmost part of the Italian protectorate.