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Albanian Culture:     more detail

Women Who Become Men: Albanian Sworn Virgins (Dress, Body, Culture Series) by Antonia Young, 2001-08-01 Studies in Modern Albanian Literature and Culture by Robert Elsie, 1996-01-15 Albanian Culture: Religion in Albania Studies in Modern Albanian Literature and Culture.: An article from: World Literature Today by Janet Byron Anderson, 1997-03-22 Albanian Literature: Culture of Albania, Mehdi Bardhi, Gjeke Marinaj, Encyclopedia of Albanian Art, Puthja E Fundit Albanian Folklore: Culture of Albania, Zana E Malit, the Tale of the Eagle, E Bukura E Dheut, Tomor, Prende, Perendi, Verbti, Djall, Shurdi Albanian Mythology: Culture of Albania, Gjergj Elez Alia, Zana E Malit, Bolla, Xindhi ALBANIA: An entry from Macmillan Reference USA's <i>Countries and Their Cultures</i> by ROBERT ELSIE, 2001 A Dictionary of Albanian Religion, Mythology, and Folk Culture by Robert Elsie, 2000-12-01 ALBANIAN AMERICANS: An entry from Gale's <i>Gale Encyclopedia of Multicultural America</i> by Jane Jurgens, 2000 Thesare te kultures popullore; Tresors de la culture populaire albanaise (Treasures of Popular Albanian Treasures) [Albanian and French language] by Feride; ill. Mehmeti, Gezim, and Refik Veseli Papleka, 1980 Vengeance is Mine: Justice Albanian Style by Fatos Tarifa, 2008-04-15 Illyrian Prehistorical Culture in Albania by Aristotel Koka, 1985-11 Turkey in Europe by Sir Charles Eliot, 2010-04-13

lists with details

1. Albanian Culture
   albanian culture,  
   http://www.geocities.com/Paris/Louvre/6820/culture.html
   
   Extractions: Albania has a very rich folk culture.It was first studied in the 19century,initially mostly by foreign scholars who were interested in linguistics.The ballad of Doruntina was the object of a pionieering study by the German poet Burger .In general,there is a marked difference between the northern and the sourthern traditions.In the north songs are usually sung by a single individual,and the dominant pattern is of heroic narrative,on historical themes,usually the struggle against the Turks. In the south music and song are more communal,with songs and poems for several performers,often with a choral element.There are also many different folk dances for each region.In the south dances are often accompanied by polyphonic songs,of great antiquity.In the commoner dances the performers move in a rectilinear pattern,and with pirouettes.Albanian music uses a variety of traditional instruments,some of which are unique to the country.The flute is the most common instrument,along with the bagpipes,the drum and the lahuta . The lahuta is a stringed instrument resembling the medieval and Renaissance lutes of northern Europe and is one of the most ancient instruments still in use in Europe.It was used by the ancient oral poets to call the attention of the audience to their recitations.in the north the

2. Albanian Culture
   albanian culture. These pages under construction. These pages are under construction and continuous changes. I'll continue to put in various articles on Albanian history, culture and literature as time permits.  
   http://members.aol.com/dxhezo/culture.htm

3. Albanian Culture
   The Food and Entertainment of Albania. It s Albania, a land all to itself. Click on one of these spots to see what to eat or what to do in Albania.  
   http://iml.jou.ufl.edu/projects/students/Maguire/cult.html
   
   Extractions: The Food and Entertainment of Albania Day in the Life Evacuation Albanian Viewpoint History ... Home Page It's not western Europe and it's definitely not the United States. It's Albania, a land all to itself. Click on one of these spots to see what to eat or what to do in Albania. Food Entertainment Signature

4. Travel: Albania Travel Notes -- Albanian Culture
   Travel Notes Europe Albania @ Travel Notes albanian culture Booking Engine. Vacation Finder. Europe @ Travel Notes. albanian culture.  
   http://www.travelnotes.org/Europe/Albania/albanian_culture.htm
   
   Extractions: Vatican City Albanian Culture Albanian language and culture were suppressed for almost 400 years during Ottoman rule, although the Turks were never able to totally control the Albanian people. Albania underwent a cultural revolution in the mid-1960s, when Western influences were scorned, Soviet and Chinese systems were followed, and hardly anyone could enter the country. Albanian Daily News

5. Travel: Albania Travel Notes -- The Country And Links
   albanian culture Albanian language and culture were suppressed for almost 400 years during Ottoman rule, although the Turks were never able to totally control  
   http://www.travelnotes.org/Europe/Albania/
   
   Extractions: Vatican City Albania Information One of the smallest countries in Europe, Albania is also very mountainous and little known to outsiders. Predominately an Indo- European people, descendents of the ancient Illyrians, the Albanians are divided into two main groups: the Ghegs to the north of the Shkumbi River, and the Tosks to the south. Rome conquered the Illyrian Kingdom in 168 BC, and went on to rule for more than five centuries. Some of the emperors were even of Illyrian descent, as the region became a major transit route through Byzantium. As the Roman Empire declined, Goths, Huns, Bulgars, and Slavs all tried to fill the vacuum. Then came the Normans and the Serbs. After the collapse of Stephan Dushan's Serbian Empire, and the death of Scanderbeg, the feudal lords were soon overrun by the Turks. Albanian language and culture were suppressed for almost 400 years during Ottoman rule, although the Turks were never able to totally control the people. Ismail Qemal led a series of revolts against Turkey, and on November 28, 1912, Albania finally gained independence.

6. Index
   albanian cultureQuest. Halim Gjoleka Frank Greco Ken McPherson Daniel Taye. History. Archaeology. Education. Customs. PUZZLES. Word Search. Cryptogram  
   http://t3.preservice.org/T0301202

7. "The Assault On Albanian Culture In Kosovo"
   The Assault on albanian culture in Kosovo. This Serbian assault on albanian culture in Kosovo has now been in full force since 1989.  
   http://www.innerlightproductions.com/culture.htm
   
   Extractions: U.S. Consulate General, Hamburg The ethnic cleansing now in progress in Kosovo by the Serbian regime is the latest phase of an on-going war that the Milosevic regime has been waging against Albanians in Kosovo since the revocation of Kosovo’s autonomy in 1989. This war is not over demographics or even religion, nor is it just about politics. Instead, it is a war of "cultural cleansing" that seeks to rid Kosovo of a people and a culture that have been there for many centuries. I witnessed this cultural war firsthand during the fifteen months that I lived and worked in Kosovo as the only diplomat from any country assigned directly to that troubled region. I had the occasion to meet many Albanian and Serbian intellectuals, politicians, journalists, officials, religious leaders, and everyday people during that time, and I saw for myself how the regime of Slobodan Milosevic oppressed the Albanian people in ways that were both overt and subtle. Serbs, too, were and still are oppressed by the Milosevic regime, but not nearly to the degree that non-Serbs have been. This new curriculum even went so far as to force children to learn Serbian nationalist songs, while banning Albanian songs. Naturally, the Albanians refused to attend school under such circumstances and set up a parallel school system that they funded from their own pockets while continuing to pay taxes to Serbia. At the University of Pristina, a huge Serbian church was then constructed in the middle of the campus, next to the university library, which the Albanians considered a "national treasure." Although Serbs comprise less than ten percent of the population of Kosovo, they have one of the biggest churches in Yugoslavia.

8. CAN YOU GUYS HELP ME LEARN SOME ALBANIAN CULTURE??!!! - Www.ezboard.com
   albaweb muzikfilma CAN YOU GUYS HELP ME LEARN SOME albanian culture!!!  
   http://pub209.ezboard.com/falbawebfrm13.showMessage?topicID=1.topic

9. Albanova
   shqiptar ne gjuhen shqipe Mbremje artistike e familjes se madhe shqiptaroamerikane ne 5 vjetorin e ditelindjes albanian culture TV (Nje televizion  
   http://www.albanovaonline.com/modules/sections/index.php?op=viewarticle&artid=24

10. Art Culture For Albania
    Albania Art Prints Albania Art Prints - albanian culture - albanian culture - Albanian Folk Culture - Albanian Folk Culture - Albmuzika - Albanian Music  
    http://www.escapeartist.com/albania/art.html

11. Albania  (vocabulary - Quiz - Resources)
    Albania proper. 6. True / False Lik Dukagjin’s 15th century honor and blood code continues to influence albanian culture. 7. True  
    http://wrc.lingnet.org/albv.htm
    
    Extractions: Area Studies / South Central Europe Albania / Vocabulary - Quiz - Resources Vocabulary Quiz Resources Basic Facts Religion in Albania Vocabulary, Quiz, Resources Women Holidays Customs Bektashi. A dervish order Muslim group, an offshoot of the Shi'a branch, found in parts of Albania. It is a tolerant group, which incorporates elements of pagan and Christian thought and practice. Besa. Albanian pledge to keep one’s worda solemn obligation. Dervish. Members of Muslim ascetic orders who may participate in ecstatic observancesdancing, whirling, chanting or shouting. Dowry. Money, goods or property a woman brings to her husband at marriage. Dukagjin, Lik. 15th century Albanian leader who formalized a legal code based upon honor and blood, including the importance of one’s extended family ties. Gegs. Ethnic Albanian subgroup who live north of the Shkumbin River. Gegs are primarily a mountain people. Gusle. One stringed musical instrument used to accompany epic poetry in mountainous Balkan regions. Hoxha, Enver.

12. Dr. Robert Elsie - A Dictionary Of Albanian Religion, Mythology And Folk Culture
    If the present volume can contribute to arousing an interest in this field or in albanian culture in general, its primary aim will have been achieved.  
    http://www.elsie.de/pub/b20.html
    
    Extractions: 357 pp. The presence of the Albanians in southeastern Europe has been documented for about a thousand years now, but their roots go back much further into the mists of antiquity. Originally a small herding community in the most inaccessible reaches of the Balkans, the Albanians grew and spread their settlements throughout the southwest of the peninsula. With time, as well as with innate vigour, unconscious persistence and much luck, they came to take their place among the nation states of Europe. Even today, however, as the twenty-first century dawns, the term 'nation state of Europe' is perhaps inappropriate for the Albanians. Their life and their culture are those of a developing country, of a Third World nation struggling for survival in every sense of the word. In material terms, they have been deprived of all but the bare essentials needed to stay alive. Indeed, the historical, political, economic and cultural development of the Albanians has been so arduous that those who know them well, can do little but marvel at how they have managed to survive as a people at all. Only in one sense have the Albanians been rich. Their traditional folk culture, which evolved over the centuries in relative isolation, offers a surprising wealth of elements. Yet this culture, without a knowledge of which the Balkans cannot be fathomed at all, remains little known in the Western world, even among ethnographers and anthropologists specialising in the Balkans. The present work endeavours to fill this gap, however modestly.

13. Dr. Robert Elsie - Studies In Modern Albanian Literature And Culture
    The primary aim of this work, originally published over the last ten years, has been to create an awareness for Albanian literature and albanian culture at the  
    http://www.elsie.de/pub/b13.html
    
    Extractions: This volume comprises a selection of critical writings and reviews devoted to contemporary Albanian literature and culture as seen from a distant, but hopefully not blurred perspective. The primary aim of this work, originally published over the last ten years, has been to create an awareness for Albanian literature and Albanian culture at the international level. Although many of these publications circulated among writers and intellectuals in Albania at the time of their issue, very few were ever republished there under the dictatorship, and those which were translated and printed in the Tirana literary newspaper Drita,were abridged for obvious political reasons. While perusing the present collection of literary reviews, the reader may wonder why certain works were chosen for review and others were not. I can offer no satisfactory reply. In general, it has always been my endeavour to present to the Western reading public, works of Albanian literature which may be seen to be of major cultural significance. The books reviewed here are, however, obviously only a selection of many which could have been chosen.

14. Albanians - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
    Cultural connection with albanian culture; Speaking the Albanian language; Having ancestors who lived in Albania or an area out of which the current Albanian  
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanians
    
    Extractions: The Albanians or Shqiptarë are a people of the western Balkan peninsula , numbering today approximately six million. Due to the high rate of migration of various ethnic groups throughout the Balkans in the last two decades, exact figures are difficult to obtain. A tenuous breakdown of Albanians by location is as follows: 2,900,000 in Albania according to the preliminary data from the census http://pages.albaniaonline.net/repoba/zyra_shtypit/prel_eng.htm , but estimates for http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/al.html#People put it at around 3,544,841 1,303,034 in Serbia (mostly in Kosovo ) according to the last census of , including refugees abroad following the conflict of 40,415 in Montenegro according to the census; an estimated 50,000 http://www.albanian.com/information/countries/montenegro/index.html by Albanian accounts. 509,000 in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia from the census. 100,000 Albanians in southern Italy, mostly in the Calabria region, the majority having arrived since . See also: Arbëreshë According to unofficial estimates http://www.greece.gr/POLITICS/SouthEastEurope/greekalbanianrelations.stm

15. Albanian Culture
    have easily given birth to the majority of contemporary and medieval legends. No single person, can accurately pinpoint the reasons why the Albanian land can  
    http://www.ialbania.com/Culture.htm
    
    Extractions: Home Latest News Community Games ... contact Information Politics Culture History Events Customer Service Questions FAQs Subscribers Company Company Profile The Future Investments Jobs ... Page Albania has a reputation as a land of great natural beauty and romantic remoteness. In fact scholars, historians, and even businesses have made wondrous compliments about its geographical beauty. These characteristics have made Albania all the more attractive, mysterious, forbidding, challenging, or exasperating to outsiders - from scholars to merchants. In a work he published in 1913, the Croatian scholar Milan von Sufflay called Albania regio mirabilissima , or "a most marvelous country". In fact others, notably including Sir David Jones, have claimed it to be "the paradise of the Mediterranean," and the "Switzerland of the Balkans." While at the same time, Sir Arthur Connen Doyle, due to the land's ruggedness, has proclaimed it as "the Antarctica of precious Europe" and one "eliciting more mystery than the Amazon." Albania has even found itself written in the historical works of Edward Gibbon, one of Great Britain's wonderful eighteenth-century historians, who has gone on to call the land "a country within sight of Italy, which is less known than the interior of America." For Albanians, and those that have visited the region, there is no doubt of these deserved descriptions.

16. ATLANTIS Reference Reviews - October 2002
    He endeavors to fill a gap in the body of ethnographic literature, as many aspects of the albanian culture remain relatively undiscovered by western scholars.  
    http://www.atla.com/member/librarians_tools/reference_reviews/review1002.html
    
    Extractions: Home Member Page Librarians' Tools Reviews by Date ... Reviews by Subject Submitted by Jonathan H. Harwell Elsie, Robert. Washington Square, NY: New York University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8147-2214-8. Dr. Robert Elsie, a linguist who has been making journeys to Albania since 1978, has compiled the first comprehensive study in English of Albanian folk culture. He previously authored the similar Albanian Folktales and Legends , as well as Dictionary of Albanian Literature and History of Albanian Literature. He endeavors to fill a gap in the body of ethnographic literature, as many aspects of the Albanian culture remain relatively undiscovered by western scholars. The alphabetical entries fill 270 pages, followed by an eighty-seven-page bibliography. Cross-references are found for broad topics but are inconsistent, and are particularly helpful since the Albanian language (Shqip) contains wide variations within a small yet rugged geographic region. For example, one's hometown can be identified by the pronunciation of words such as "cold" ( ftofte or ftohte ), or even "Good morning" (

17. Brookes : I To J
    Not sure, Total votes 871. sign up. oncampusuk. Iliria We re devoted to the preservation and promotion of albanian culture among nonAlbanians throughout Oxford.  
    http://www.thesu.com/main/societies/fulllistofsocieties/ij
    
    Extractions: We're devoted to the preservation and promotion of Albanian culture among non-Albanians throughout Oxford. We encourage awareness of Albanian culture and its traditions through events including: dance parties, BBQs, formal functions and a traditional Albanian night. These events not only promote Albanian Culture, but also encourage the interaction of all our members and we are open to everyone, in a friendly and enjoyable atmosphere. We are a group of people who can play a musical instrument to a reasonable standard. We meet Wednesdays, 7-9, in RB10, to play through pads (of songs), with the aim of having at least one gig a term. We play a range of music from traditional jazz numbers to movie themes. It can be used for the music degree and is helped by a professional saxophonist. Oh, before I forget, we go drinking a little! See you there.

18. Millsaps College - News & Events
    Millsaps prof searches for threatened albanian culture. (September 20, 2002). Dr. Michael Galaty, Assistant Professor of Anthropology  
    http://www.millsaps.edu/news_events/releases/september/galaty.shtml
    
    Extractions: Quick Links Millsaps Home Directory Search Visitors Events College Catalog Library Millsaps prof searches for threatened Albanian culture (September 20, 2002) Dr. Michael Galaty, Assistant Professor of Anthropology at Millsaps, spent his summer exploring the northern highlands of Albania, searching for stories about a lost way of life. In this remote corner of the world, blood feuds sometimes still rage between embittered families and soaring mountains keep watch over stone houses dotting the valleys. In 1921, a young writer named Rose Wilder Lane, the daughter of author Laura Ingalls Wilder, also heard the beckoning call of the newly independent nation of Albania. She chronicled her travels in a book called Peaks of Shala (1923). As part of a documentary project sponsored by the Associated Colleges of the South, Galaty retraced Lane's journeys to learn more about her intense self-examination and to determine how much of the tribal system she described still exists. "When Lane was living and working in Albania, a northern Albanian tribal system with ancient roots still functioned," said Galaty. "Oral law governed the social, economic and political relationships that bound rival clans. Justice was swift and brutal. Lane, and the other female travelers to Albania, were fascinated by the tribal system and produced complex and detailed descriptions. Eventually, the tribal system was destroyed by Communism, though echoes of it still persist in remote regions, such as Shala."

19. Albanian Tours
    TRAVEL TO ALBANIA Airlines, Sealines, Roadlines albanian culture Included with photo gallery TOURISM IN ALBANIA Beautiful places to visit in Albania.  
    http://www.balkantours.dk/albania.htm
    
    Extractions: News in Albanian Më i kërkuari i policisë, Agim Pepa i ka shpëtuar dy herë dënimeve, për vrasje dhe për shfrytëzim prostitucioni Kandidatët, mbërrijnë peticionet në PS Meksi: Negociatat me BE, gati raundi i 4-t Zëvendëskryeministrja Meksi shpreh mbështetje për iniciativat rinore Shqipëria dorëzon raportin mbi pakicat ... Kandidatët, pakënaqësi edhe në PD Nje grua hyne ne autobus me femije ne dore. Si e pau femine shoferi tha: "O bo, bo kur nuk kame pa femije me te keq"

20. KULTURE
    Balkans. Despite the foreign influences, albanian culture retains a remarkable degree of homogeneity (sameness in composition).  
    http://www.albinfo.com/travel1.html
    
    Extractions: Painting in Albania was strongly influenced by Byzantine art in the Middle Ages (5th century to 15th century), although by the end of the early Renaissance (15th century to 17th century) Italian influence was strong. The painting of icons (religious symbols) grew as a form of both public, or displayed, art and folk art. The style of icon painting, created in the mid-18th century, remained virtually unchanged through the early 20th century. Notable Albanian artists of the 20th century include Vangjush Mijo and Androniqi Zenge, both of whom are credited with introducing Western-style impressionism to Albania in the mid-1930s. Odhise Paskal, another 20th-century artist, sculpted Albanian heroes. Folk arts today include clothing decorated with delicate silver ornaments, wood-crafted items for the home, and woolen rugs. The oldest architectural monuments in Albania date from the 1st millennium BC and were constructed by the Illyrians. From the middle of the 1st millennium BC through the middle of the 1st millennium AD, the Greeks and Romans who occupied Albania built structures still visible in urban and rural landscapes. In the Middle Ages, Christian religious architecture emerged in Albania’s Christian north while Islamic and Turkish-style architecture emerged in the south. Until the mid-20th century, most Albanian cities were dominated by two-story stone residences with tiled roofs. In wooded regions, houses were made of boards rather than stone; in coastal regions, they were clay, adobe, or reed with coatings of clay. Today, mass-produced Soviet-style housing predominates in urban and suburban settings while traditional architecture predominates in rural and mountainous regions.

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